Biomedical subjects

H Inomata

Publications and source records attributed to H Inomata.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources

PubMed1994

Distribution and characterization of sulfated proteoglycans in the trabecular tissue of goniodysgenetic glaucoma.

We evaluated histochemically the distribution of proteoglycans in the trabecular tissue of goniodysgenetic (developmental) glaucoma. Nine trabecular tissue specimens obtained at trabeculectomy from seven patients with goniodysgenetic glaucoma were stained with either cuprolinic blue or cupromeronic blue in combination with a series of enzyme and nitrous acid treatments. Within the extracellular matrix of the trabecular meshwork, many cupromeronic blue- or cuprolinic blue-positive filaments were observed in association with collagen fibrils, basal lamina, and basal lamina-like material. The extracellular matrices of elastin-like fibers, fine fibrillar materials, and fine granular materials were free from any reaction products. The enzyme and nitrous acid treatments disclosed that the reaction products associated with collagen fibrils represented both chondroitin sulfate and dermatan sulfate types, while those with basal lamina and basal lamina-like material represented heparan sulfate-type proteoglycans. Extensive accumulations of basal lamina-like material contained a great deal of heparan sulfate-type proteoglycans in the thick subcanalicular tissue of goniodysgenetic glaucoma. These results indicate that the class and distribution of proteoglycans in the goniodsygenetic trabecular tissues are virtually the same as that in the normal tissues. However, the large accumulation of basal lamina-like material with heparan sulfate-type proteoglycans can be one of the causes of the intraocular pressure increase in goniodysgenetic glaucoma.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1994

Subretinal neovascularization in the rat induced by IRBP synthetic peptides.

The present study was undertaken to develop a new animal model of subretinal neovascularization that does not involve traumatic manipulation of the eye. Using this model, the mechanism of subretinal neovascularization and its penetration through Bruch's membrane, and the various factors that contribute to this process were then examined. Male Lewis rats were immunized with interphotoreceptor retinoid binding protein (IRBP) peptide R-4, and the eyes histologically examined at various times up to 45 days after immunization. On day 12 after immunization, inflammatory cells were identified primarily in the anterior segment of the eye, with scattered cells in the retina and choroid. The inflammation was most prominent on day 14, by which time many eyes showed serous retinal detachment. By day 18 the inflammation had declined in intensity, but branches of the retinal vessels were seen extending into the choroid. Examination on day 30 revealed even fewer inflammatory cells but an accumulation of retinal pigment epithelial cells and mononuclear cells was present in the subretinal space. Examination on day 45 revealed no appreciable inflammation, but typical new vessels were found in the eyes from five of the 13 rats (38%) examined at that point. Mild inflammation of the retinochoroidal tissue can induce subretinal new vessels in rats, and this model will be useful for further study of subretinal new vessel formation.

Amino Acid Sequence↗

PubMed1994

Anterior chamber angle vascularization in Sturge-Weber syndrome. Report of a case.

The case of a 20-year-old woman with a left-sided facial hemangioma and a homolateral glaucoma is reported, complete with the histology of a trabeculectomy specimen. Her left eye had an episcleral hemangioma and goniodysgenetic features in the anterior chamber angle, while the intraocular pressure was measured to be 45 mmHg. The left optic disc showed a large cupping and the left visual field was constricted. The right eye had no glaucomatous changes. Histological examination of the trabeculectomy specimen by both light and electron microscopy showed multiple congenital anomalies. There was a cluster of blood vessels in the trabecular meshwork. Abnormal accumulations of fine granular extracellular matrixes were observed in both the juxtacanalicular connective tissue and around the vascular structures. The lumen of Schlemm's canal was subdivided into three or four parts with few giant vacuole structures. The endothelial cells lining the inner wall of Schlemm's canal contained a well-formed basal lamina with many villi projecting into the lumen. These findings suggest that the multiple anomalies observed in the trabecular tissue may contribute to the manifestation of glaucoma in Sturge-Weber syndrome.

Adult↗

PubMed1994

Collagen types in human posterior capsule opacification.

The fibrous type of human posterior capsule opacification was examined by electron microscopy and immunoelectron microscopy to determine which types of collagen were present. The opacification consisted of lens epithelial cells and a large amount of extracellular matrix. The extracellular matrix comprised collagen fibrils and basal lamina-like material. Immunoelectron microscopy revealed that collagen types I, III, and IV were present. Types I and III were localized to the collagen fibrils. Type IV was present in the basal lamina of the lens epithelial cells and in the basal lamina-like material of the extracellular matrix.

Aged↗

PubMed1994

Role of cyclic AMP-induced Cl conductance in aqueous humour formation by the dog ciliary epithelium.

1. The effects of isoprenaline, a forskolin derivative NKH-477, and dibutyryl cyclic AMP (db cyclic AMP) on the membrane potential, conductance and cell volume of the dog non-pigmented ciliary epithelium (NPE) were investigated by intracellular potential recording, nystatin-perforated patch clamp technique and videomicroscopic cytometry. 2. The resting membrane potential of NPE was about -70 mV in physiological saline and was depolarized by isoprenaline in a dose-dependent manner with an ED50 of about 3 nM. This depolarization was competitively antagonized by the beta-adrenoceptor antagonist, timolol (pA2 = ca. 9) and almost completely blocked by the Cl transport blocker, DIDS. 3. In single dissociated NPE cells, 10 microM isoprenaline induced an inward current and caused a concomitant decrease in cell volume. The reversal potential measurement indicated that this inward current was carried mainly by Cl ion. DIDS (10 microM) abolished both the current and cell volume decrease. 4. NKH-477 (10 microM) or db cyclic AMP (1 mM) also induced an inward current together with a cell volume decrease, the properties of which were similar to those caused by isoprenaline. 5. These results suggest that beta-adrenoceptor stimulation in NPE leads to an increased rate of aqueous humour production by increasing Cl- efflux via an elevation of cyclic AMP and this effect is efficiently blocked by timolol.

Animals↗

PubMed1994

Media conditioned by coculture of pericytes and endothelial cells under a hypoxic state stimulate in vitro angiogenesis.

We investigated the role of pericytes in retinal neovascularization and the effect of hypoxia on it. Conditioned media (CM) were harvested from cultured pericytes, retinal capillary endothelial cells (RCEs) or cocultured pericytes and RCEs at 1, 5 and 20% O2. The effect of these CM on the capillary-like tube formation of RCEs in the collagen gel was then investigated. The CM harvested from either pericytes or coculture of pericytes and RCEs in a hypoxic environment (1 and 5% O2) significantly enhanced the tube formation of RCEs (p < 0.01), while the CM of coculture at 20% O2 showed an inhibitory effect (p < 0.01). The present study suggests that pericytes release angiogenic factors under hypoxic conditions, i.e. at 1 and 5% O2, while they release angiostatic factors when they are cocultured with RCEs at 20% O2.

Actins↗

PubMed1994

Necrotizing retinitis in severe combined immunodeficiency mice following intracameral inoculation of herpes simplex virus type 1.

Necrotizing retinitis in severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) mice following intracameral inoculation of herpes simplex virus type 1 provided an experimental model for acute retinal necrosis in AIDS and other immunocompromised patients. In order to assess the involvement of the immunological response in the pathogenesis, adoptive transfer experiments were conducted. Without transfer, SCID mice developed predominantly unilateral necrotizing retinitis and died within 10 days. Transfer of immune serum lengthened the survival time but resulted in bilateral necrotizing retinitis. Two of 5 mice transferred with CD4+ T cells and none of 7 transferred with CD8+ T cells developed bilateral necrotizing retinitis. Our results indicate that ipsilateral retinal necrosis occurs with or without a specific immunological response, and that antibodies and/or CD4+ T cells accelerate the contralateral retinal necrosis.

Animals↗

PubMed1994

Stromal keratitis induced by a unique clinical isolate of herpes simplex virus type 1.

Glycoprotein C (gC)-negative clinical isolates of herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) are very rare. An HSV-1 strain (TN-1), isolated from a patient with herpetic keratitis, exhibited a gC-negative phenotype. While a gC-negative mutant showed reduced pathogenicity and failed to induce herpetic stromal keratitis (HSK) in a previously reported mouse model, TN-1 induced HSK in mice comparable to RTN-1-20-3, a gC-positive recombinant virus derived from TN-1. Virus growth in eyes and brains and the mortality of TN-1-inoculated mice were equal to or higher than those of RTN-1-20-3-inoculated mice.

Animals↗

PubMed1994

Glial-, neuronal- and photoreceptor-specific cell markers in rosettes of retinoblastoma and retinal dysplasia.

Previous studies have shown that a rosette formation represents an attempt to form embryonic retinal tissue, primarily rods and cones. To test the theories as to the origin and characteristics of retinoblastoma cells, we compared the characteristics of tumor rosettes with those of dysplastic rosettes seen in retinal dysplasia using the glial, neuronal and photoreceptor markers. Forty-four retinoblastoma and one retinal dysplasia specimens were analyzed by indirect immunohistochemistry, using specific antibodies against glial fibrillary acidic protein, S-100 protein, myelin basic protein, neuron-specific enolase, neurofilament, retinal S-antigen and retinal pigment epithelial antigen. In human retinoblastoma, all the glial, neuronal, retinal pigment epithelial, and photoreceptor cell markers, except for the neurofilament, were present in parts of rosette-forming tumor cells. However, their localization was different for each antigen and it was not clear whether each tumor cell possesses several antigens. These immuno-positive tumor cells were cytologically indistinguishable from other rosette-forming cells at the light microscopic level. In retinal dysplasia, neuron specific enolase and retinal S-antigen were diffusely expressed in the dysplastic rosettes, however, other antigen were not seen in those rosettes. The staining pattern by immunocytochemistry is totally different in tumor rosettes from dysplastic ones. We found varying localizations of different immunoreactivities within tumor rosettes. These results led us to suggest that tumor cells in the rosettes of retinoblastoma may have the ability to differentiate into neural and glial cells. To prove the theory that retinoblastoma cells may have originated from a primitive neuroectodermal cell capable of multipotentiality, further investigation is needed.

Biomarkers, Tumor↗

PubMed1994

[Antibacterial activities of a carbapenem antibiotic, biapenem (L-627), against penicillin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae].

Antibiotic susceptibilities were evaluated for 48 strains of Streptococcus pneumoniae collected in 1992-1993 at Ichihara City of Chiba Prefecture. Twenty two (46%) of the 48 strains were benzylpenicillin (PCG) insensitive or resistant (PRSP) judged from the MICs of PCG to higher than 0.1 microgram/ml. MICs of piperacillin and cefotaxime increased as the MICs of PCG increased. However, elevations of MICs of imipenem and biapenem (L-627) were small in spite of the increases of MICs of PCG. L-627 was effective in a case of purulent meningitis due to PC-insensitive S. pneumoniae. Thus, L-627 is a candidate to be used in treatment of PRSP infections including purulent meningitis.

Humans↗

PubMed1994

[A multicenter clinico-epidemiological study of HTLV-I associated uveitis].

To elucidate the clinical and epidemiologic features of HTLV-I associated uveitis (HAU), a multicenter case-control study was performed by collaboration of university hospitals throughout Kyushu and Okinawa and two university hospitals in the central metropolitan area. A total of 426 cases of endogenous uveitis were collected and studied between September 1992 and January 1993; about half of the cases were definable for etiology or clinical entity, and the remaining cases were unknown. Assessment of the serum antibodies to HTLV-I revealed that the group of entity-undefined uveitis had a significantly high prevalence of HTLV-I as compared with the age- and sex-matched control subjects, giving supportive evidence for HAU. The titer of serum HTLV-I antibodies was significantly higher in entity-undefined uveitis than in HTLV-carriers. Assuming that a collection of 50 cases of HTLV-I seropositive, etiology-undefined uveitis represents HAU, its clinical features consisted were: (1) middle-aged, otherwise healthy adults developed acute inflammatory uveal disease and presented with visual haze and/or floaters; (2) the disease showed granulomatous or nongranulomatous anterior uveal reactions accompanied by vitreous opacities and retinal vasculitis; (3) the lesions resolved in response to topical or systemic corticosteroids; (4) the visual outcome was usually favorable; (5) nearly half of the cases had recurrent disease; (6) the cases remained systemically unremarkable, except for two cases of HTLV-I associated myelopathy and eight cases of hyper thyroid disease.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1993

Suppression of taurine response in acutely dissociated substantia nigra neurons by intracellular cyclic AMP.

The modulatory effect of intracellular cyclic AMP on the taurine response was investigated in acutely dissociated rat substantia nigra neurons in patch clamp configurations. Taurine acts mainly on the glycine receptor. An intracellular application of cyclic AMP (5 x 10(-4) M) inhibited the response to a high concentration of taurine (10(-3) M) by about 50%, but did not affect the response to a low concentration of taurine (10(-4) M). This inhibition was blocked somewhat by N-(2-[methylamino]ethyl)-5-isoquinolinesulfonamide (H-8) (10(-6) M), suggesting that the inhibition of taurine response might be partly mediated by an activation of protein kinase A.

Animals↗

PubMed1993

Anterior capsule opacification in monkey eyes with posterior chamber intraocular lenses.

OBJECTIVE: To examine the morphologic features of anterior capsule opacifications in pseudophakic monkey eyes. METHODS: Extracapsular lens extraction with implantation of posterior chamber intraocular lenses in six monkey eyes. Eyes were enucleated 2, 4, and 12 months after implantation and then studied with light and electron microscopy. Distribution of proteoglycans was also examined with cuprolinic blue staining. RESULTS: Anterior capsule opacifications were composed of proliferated cellular and extracellular matrix components situated between the anterior capsule and the optics of the intraocular lens. The morphologic features of the proliferated cells were consistent with epithelial cells, and these cells probably represented lens epithelial cells. The extracellular matrix, which consisted of collagen fibrils, basal lamina-like material, and microfibrils, was most prominent in the specimens obtained 12 months after lens implantation. The extracellular matrix contained proteoglycans that showed positive staining with cuprolinic blue. CONCLUSIONS: Anterior capsule opacifications consisted of proliferated lens epithelial cells and aberrant extracellular matrix.

Animals↗

PubMed1993

Intercellular adhesion molecule-1 on rat corneal endothelium in experimental uveitis.

We studied the expression of the intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) on the corneal endothelium of the rat in the experimental uveitis induced by interphotoreceptor peptides (R-4) as an immunogen using immunohistochemical methods. ICAM-1, which was not detected in eyes without inflammation, was expressed on the corneal endothelium, vascular endothelium and inflammatory cells, such as monocytes and lymphocytes, in R-4 induced uveitis. The ocular inflammation in the iris, ciliary body and anterior chamber associated with the adherence of inflammatory cells to the corneal endothelium (keratic precipitates) first appeared on the 11th day and were most remarkable on the 14th day and then gradually subsided after 18th day. The expression of ICAM-1 on the corneal endothelium was noticed from the 12th day of immunization to the 16th day and was most prominent on the 14th day but disappeared after the 18th day. The present study proved that ICAM-1 was expressed on the corneal endothelium in anterior uveitis and further indicated that the corneal endothelium modulates the inflammation of the anterior ocular segment by expressing ICAM-1 and forming keratic precipitates.

Animals↗

PubMed1993

Localizations of epidermal growth factor receptor and proliferating cell nuclear antigen during corneal wound healing.

The localization of epidermal growth factor receptor and proliferating cell nuclear antigen was demonstrated immunohistochemical to be similar in the corneal, limbal, and bulbar conjunctival epithelium, i.e., located adjacent to the artificially made corneal epithelial defect. In the course of regeneration of the corneal epithelium soon after the wounding, both epidermal growth factor receptor and proliferating cell nuclear antigen were expressed in the epithelial cells in the limbal area adjacent to the epithelial defect. After the defect was covered with several layers of regenerated epithelium, the main site of the expression of epidermal growth factor receptor and proliferating cell nuclear antigen moved to the basal layer of regenerated epithelium. The present study indicated that epidermal growth factor receptor, as expressed on the epithelial cell surface, can be considered to play an important role in epithelial cell proliferation, which is an indispensable process in corneal wound healing.

Animals↗

PubMed1993

Immunohistochemical detection of blood-retinal barrier breakdown in streptozotocin-diabetic rats.

Immunohistochemical staining for albumin (69 kDa) and fibrinogen (340 kDa), as markers of blood-retinal barrier (BRB) breakdown of the retinas of streptozotocin-treated diabetic rats, was performed. The number of rats with BRB breakdown was three of nine at 6 months, four of seven at 12 months, and three of three at 18 months. Extravasation of albumin from the retinal vessels was detected in the retinas of rats maintained for 6, 12, and 18 months, while extravasation of fibrinogen was detected only in the retinas of rats maintained for 18 months. These findings suggested that the duration of diabetes has an influence on BRB breakdown and that each substance in the blood starts to permeate the vascular wall individually.

Animals↗

PubMed1993

Necrotizing chorioretinitis in mice inoculated with herpes simplex virus type 1 with or without glycoprotein C: anterior chamber-associated immune deviation does not persist.

BALB/c mice developed contralateral necrotizing retinitis following intracameral inoculation with herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1). The animals showed a positive delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) response at 10 days postinoculation, indicating that the anterior chamber-associated immune deviation was transient after HSV-1 inoculation. Since glycoprotein C (gC) of HSV-1 is a major immunogen, we examined DTH and the antibody response induced by a gC-deficient strain TN-1 and compared them with those induced by the recombinant gC-positive mutants. We found that gC was not required for DTH reaction, and that gC was neither necessary for nor protective against the contralateral retinal necrosis. Serial lymphocyte subset analyses of the draining lymph nodes revealed an absolute increase of B cells, CD4-positive T cells, and CD8-positive T cells. CD4-positive T cells but not CD8-positive T cells increased in the contralateral eyes during the inflammation and necrosis. The coincident emergence of the positive DTH and contralateral retinal necrosis of HSV-1-inoculated mice, together with the presence of CD4-positive cells in the retina, indicated that CD4-positive T cells responsible for DTH induction may participate in the retinal necrosis.

Animals↗

PubMed1993

Induction of bilateral retinal necrosis in mice by unilateral intracameral inoculation of a glycoprotein-C deficient clinical isolate of herpes simplex virus type 1.

Herpes simplex virus can cause acute retinal necrosis, a blinding retinal disease in man. A unilateral intracameral inoculation of herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) in mice induces retinal necrosis primarily in the contralateral eye and provides an experimental model for the disease. Previous studies suggested that a major envelope glycoprotein of HSV-1, glycoprotein C (gC), is required for retinal necrosis. We studied HSV-1 strain TN-1, a gC-deficient clinical isolated from a lesion of herpetic keratitis, for its pathogenicity in mice with an intracameral inoculation of the virus and found that TN-1 could induce severe necrotizing retinitis in both inoculated and uninoculated eyes of BALB/c mice. Inoculation with a lower dose of TN-1 resulted in a unilateral necrotizing retinitis in the uninoculated eyes. Tissue virus titration of infected mice killed at various times after inoculation detected an infectious virus in various organs including the eyeballs, trigeminal ganglia, brain and adrenal glands. Anterior chamber-associated immune deviation (ACAID) was observed in TN-1-inoculated mice as well as in mice inoculated with gC-positive laboratory strain KOS 7 days postinoculation. Our findings suggested that gC of HSV-1 is not necessary for either the induction of retinal necrosis, neural spread of the virus, or ACAID.

Adrenal Glands↗