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Biomedical subjects

H Huber

Publications and source records attributed to H Huber.

At least 271 records · Page 15Linked to original sources
PubMed1981

Urinary neopterine as marker for haematological neoplasias.

Urinary neopterine levels were studied in 79 normal subjects and in 112 patients with haematological neoplasias. The mean values in 79 patients with active disease were significantly raised compared to the control group. Results obtained in 79 patients with active disease indicate that 91% had neopterine levels higher than the mean value of 79 normal individuals +3 SD. There is only a little overlap between the range of neopterine levels in cancer patients and the range in healthy subjects. No significant difference was found between the mean urinary neopterine levels of 33 patients with non-Hodgkin's or with Hodgkin's lymphoma in remission and the healthy group. Only 15% of these patients had elevated neopterine levels. The mean urinary neopterine levels correlated well with the tumor stage in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukaemia and with non-Hodgkin's disease. In patients with chronic leukaemia those without hepatosplenomegaly excreted significantly more neopterine than controls, and patients with hepatosplenomegaly significantly more than those without hepatosplenomegaly. It is concluded that urinary neopterine levels are of value for following the progression of haematological neoplasias.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

[Therapeutic strategies in the treatment of breast cancer (author's transl)].

Breast cancer is the most common cause of cancer death in women. The probability of being cured of this disease is below 50%. However, for certain stages of disease prognosis can be improved by the application of modern therapeutic strategies. The present paper deals firstly with the relationship between prognosis, staging, and tumour cell characteristics (receptor status and cell kinetic findings). Thereafter, selection and efficacy of cytotoxic chemotherapy and endocrine treatment is discussed and related to the prognostic different entities. The current therapeutic regimen of our group is outlined.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

[Encouraging results with cytostatic therapy in metastasizing breast cancer (author's transl)].

58 women with metastatic breast cancer, non-responsive to hormone therapy, were treated with a modified CMF regimen. After progression the combination of adriamycin and vincristine was used. With CMF the response rate was 41% (10% complete remissions, 31% partial remissions), 38% showed no change, whilst progression of the disease was observed in only 21% of patients. The median duration of remission was about 8 months. Progression of the disease was treated by a combination of adriamycin and vincristine and remissions were obtained in 24% of cases. The median survival time of our patients from the time of tumour metastasis was 18.6 months and was dependent on the results of treatment.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Spontaneous and conA-induced suppressor lymphocytes: a comparative study.

Suppressor monocytes, Concanavalin A(ConA)-induced suppressor T cells, and short-lived suppressor lymphocytes have been describe in humans. The present study was performed to evaluate spontaneous suppression in a test system similar to that employed for the demonstration of ConA-induced suppressor cells: Lymphocytes were either stimulated by ConA (= induced suppressor cells) or immediately mitomycin-treated (= spontaneous suppressor cells). Both preparations were tested for their capacity to suppress mitogen-induced proliferation of autologous cells. Depletion of monocytes or B lymphocytes did not affect spontaneous suppression. The active cells were short-lived in vitro. Therefore the net increase in suppressor activity generated by preculture with ConA is in part related to a loss of spontaneous inhibitory activity in the control cultures kept without mitogen. Spontaneous suppressor cell activity was comparable to that of ConA-induced suppressor cells.

Carrageenan↗
PubMed1981

[Detection of urinary organic acids by gradual titration of pH 2,0-7,4. Significance for the assessment of the litho-protective characteristic of the examined urine].

The role of organic acids in urine is not sufficiently known until today. From our detailed in vitro studies it can be concluded that some of them are highly efficacious in the inhibition of Ca-oxalate and Ca-phosphate crystal growth. Moreover, some of them showed, as acids and as salts, a strong lytic effect on stone-forming crystals and native stone-material. By the oral application to rats, concentrations preventing any precipitation out of meta- and instable Ca-oxalate solutions could be achieved. The renal excretion was controlled by the stepwise titration of preacidified urinary samples from pH 2.0 to 7.4 and the lithoprotective character of urine estimated by the Ca2+-binding capacity.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

[Lung cancer: present concepts of treatment].

The role of the various treatment modalities of bronchial carcinoma in respect to clinical stage and histology is described. Criteria to select patients for surgical treatment and for radiotherapy with curative or palliative intent are discussed. The present state of cytotoxic therapy in respect to adjuvant treatment as well as its use in metastatic disease is summarized. In small cell carcinoma combination chemotherapy may result not only in palliation, but in an improved survival in a high percentage of patients. Recommended protocols, remission rates and the long-term prognosis of treated patients are summarized.

Antineoplastic Agents↗
PubMed1980

[Polymorphisms of the human chromosome no. 15 (author's transl)].

The short arm of the human chromosome No. 15 is composed of various heterochromatic regions. By using silver staining, mithramycin, Da-DAPI and quinacrine mustard fluorescence staining at least 5 different regions may be differentiated. All these components show independent heteromorphisms allowing easy individual identification of a given chromosome No. 15. These features may be useful for studies on heredity including affiliation cases.

Chromosomes, Human, 13-15↗
PubMed1980

[Improvement of the antepartal CTG by transcutaneous electric stimulation (author's transl)].

37 gravid patients with diagnosed symptoms and signs of placental insufficiency underwent during 10 days a treatment of transcutaneous electric stimulation. Fetal CTG showed compared to the situation before treatment a distinct increase in the amplitude of the oscillation pattern and a rise in the number of accelerations, which means an improvement of the fetal situation. In 10 cases Fischer-Score went up from 7 to 10, in other 10 cases from 8 to 10.

Electric Stimulation Therapy↗
PubMed1979

Determinations of penicilloyl specific IgE antibodies for the evaluation of hypersensitivity against penicillin.

Results from skin tests and radioallergosorbent test (penicilloyl G and penicilloyl V) were compared in 76 patients with suspected penicillin hypersensitivity and in 22 control subjects without such clinical symptoms. The test results were also correlated to the clinical history of adverse reactions and to the levels of total serum IgE. The overall agreement between skin test and RAST results was 89% in the patient group. Two of the control subjects without symptoms were professionally employed with penicillin production; one of them had circulating IgE-antibodies and the other exhibited positive skin tests. The skin tests were more frequently positive than the RAST test. By means of skin titration some of the skin tests were demonstrated to be false positive. The discrepancy can also be explained by the fact that skin reactions also occur in other situations than IgE-mediated adverse reactions. Circulating IgE-antibodies were not found in any of 23 cases where adverse reactions appeared later than 24 h after the latest penicillin administration. It is concluded that the measurement of circulating IgE-antibodies is a valuable aid in the diagnosis of penicillin allergy.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

[A method for the detection of suppressor lymphocytes and its clinical use].

Suppressor cells play a major role in immune regulation and supervision. Unspecific suppressor cells can be stimulated by Concanavalin A (ConA) in a concentration of 1-50 micrograms/ml. Absorbed pooled human AB serum is the optimal serum source. Monocytes are necessary to induce suppressor cells. Preincubation of lymphocytes abolishes the suppressor cell inducibility. Different ConA incubation periods show two suppressor peaks, the first on day 0-1, the second on day 4-6. It is concluded, therefore, that we deal with two populations of suppressor cells. The first of these seems to resemble the spontaneous in vivo suppressor level, needs not to be activated by ConA but is rapidly inactivated without permanent antigeneic stimulus. The second peak consists of suppressor cells which are activated by a ConA stimulation of at least 3-4 days. Another conclusion can be drawn from these data: The conventional control system for the ConA induction of suppressor cells is not the optimal one, because the spontaneous suppressor cells are not included within this system, although they perhaps give a better insight into the actual immune status.

Concanavalin A↗
PubMed1979

[Bone marrow culture in aplastic anemia and preleukemias].

After incubation of bone marrow cells obtained from normal subjects and patients with pancytopenia in the double layer agar culture (Robinson-Pike), the clusters of different size and the colonies were counted on days 2, 3, 5, 7 and 10. Aplastic anemia and two types of preleukemia could be distinguished by a different growth pattern. A high incidence of small clusters (4-12 cells) was found in patients with aplastic anemia on days 2 and 3, whereas these aggregates were markedly reduced in preleukemia of type B. In preleukemia of type A an excessive number of small clusters was obtained. The morphology of cells in clusters and colonies was studied by cytochemical staining and electronmicroscopy. In preleukemia marked defects of maturation were demonstrable in the cells.

Anemia, Aplastic↗
PubMed1979

[Aplastic anemias].

In the first part of this review diagnostic criteria and prognostic factors are summarized. The results of bone marrow culture with particular reference to the pathophysiology of this disease, are discussed. Finally, the conventional therapeutic approaches are summarized and recent developments in experimental treatment modalities are discussed.

Anemia, Aplastic↗
PubMed1979

[Immunopathology of malignant lymphomas (author's transl)].

The present work deals in a first part with the functional characterization of subpopulations of the lymphoid system. Methods for identification of these subpopulations are compared and some immunopathologic data of the different non-Hodgkin's lymphomas are presented. In the group of low-grade malignant lymphomas B-cell disorders predominate, whereas lymphomas of the T-lymphocytes are not unusual in patients with lymphoid tumors of high malignancy. Immunological findings are compared with data on tumor cell kinetics and the clinical relevance of immunopathological investigations is discussed.

B-Lymphocytes↗
PubMed1978

[Dacarbacine (DTIC) in the therapy of a malignant disease. A review (author's transl)].

Indications and results are reviewed with regard to recent data on the effect of DTIC in patients with malignant melanoma, soft tissue sarcomas, Hodgkin's disease, gastrointestinal carcinomas and oat cell cancer of the lung. Whilst this drug induced--mainly partial--remissions in 25% of the patients with melanomas, it is generally used in other malignant conditions in combination with other cytoxic agents. In soft tissue sarcomas adriamycin appeared as the principal additional drug. In patients with Hodgkin's disease resistant to MOPP treatment and requiring additional cytotoxic drugs, combination chemotherapy including DTIC may induce remissions in more than half of these patients. Other schedules were, however, also effective and results in this difficult group of patients are discussed and compared. In gastrointestinal and in oat cell carcinomas cytotoxic protocols including DTIC have shown some effect, perhaps comparable to other combinations usually employed in these conditions.

Antineoplastic Agents↗
PubMed1978

[Thymomas (author's transl)].

Immunological investigations concerning pathological autoantibodies and defects of humoral immunity were performed in 7 patients with thymomas, 5 of which showed invasive growth. The number of B and T lymphocytes in blood was determined at the same time using membrane markers as well as blood lymphocyte stimulation with phytohaemagglutinine. Two of the 3 patients with auto-antibodies against striated muscles or nuclei showed the clinical signs of accompanying disease (myasthenia gravis, lupus erythematodes). A humoral immunodisturbance with IgM deficiency was demonstrable in one patient and was accompanied by clinical symptoms. Lymphopenia with decreased numbers and functional disturbance of T and B lymphocytes could be shown in the majority of patients. Immunological investigations simplify proof of accompanying diseases in thymomas. These represent an important prognostic criterium in the same way as does invasive growth.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Supplementary cytodiagnostic analyses of mononuclear cells of the cerebrospinal fluid using cytological markers.

Various methods of CSF cell differentiation are discussed. These methods provide additional information regarding the origin and, therefore, the types of pathological alterations occurring in the leptomeninges. They include the application of immunological and cytochemical markers to differentiate and identify B and T lymphocytes as well as cells from the monocyte-macrophage series and precursor cells of polymorphnuclear leukocytes. Application of these methods to CSF cells and the differentiation of CSF cells from 16 patients with inflammatory or neoplastic alterations were discussed. B cell or T cell type lymphocytes predominate with multiple sclerosis, T lymphocytes with tubercular meningitis. Varying quantities of B and T lymphocytes are found with viral meningitis. In one case the tumor cells of a reticulum cell sarcoma were identified in the CSF as T cells; in one case of plasmacytoma, tumor cells in the CSF were identified as B lymphocytes. In selected cases of leukemic or carcinomatous infiltration of the meninges and of medulloblastoma, CSF cells did not react to treatment with immunological markers.

B-Lymphocytes↗