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Biomedical subjects

H Huber

Publications and source records attributed to H Huber.

At least 253 records · Page 14Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

[Results of cytostatic polychemotherapy in non-Hodgkin lymphomas].

109 patients with advanced stage non-Hodgkin lymphomas were treated with cytostatic chemotherapy. 91 of these patients were classified according to the Kiel classification as having lymphomas of low-grade malignancy, whilst the remaining 18 had lymphomas of high-grade malignancy. The primary treatment in low-grade malignant lymphomas was a combination of chlorambucil and prednisone: in case of progression or therapeutic failure more aggressive schedules (COP, C-MOPP, HOP, CHOP, BACOP) were used. Patients with high-grade malignant lymphomas were treated in the first instance according to these aggressive schedules. Although no complete remissions were achieved, 25 out of the 47 patients with CLL responded with a partial remission to chlorambucil/prednisone, whilst 12 out of 19 non-responders to this schedule reacted favourably to COP. The results in 10 patients with immunocytic lymphomas were of a similar order. Better results were achieved in patients with germinal centre tumours: 9 out of the 11 patients with centrocytic lymphomas and all 20 patients with centrocytic-centroblastic tumours responded with a complete or partial remission. Of 18 patients with high-grade malignant lymphomas, 5 responded with a complete remission, 8 with a partial remission.

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗
PubMed1983

[Clinical experiences with the prolactin-inhibiting serotonin antagonist metergoline].

20 puerperal women who did not wish to breast feed their infants were treated with the serotonin antagonist metergoline. In 19 cases effective suppression of puerperal lactation was achieved by the administration of metergoline without the side effects or signs of intolerance. Of 9 women with hyperprolactinaemic amenorrhoea treated with metergoline the raised prolactin level was lowered, followed by menstruation in 7 patients. Ovulation even occurred in 5 of these women. One patient had to discontinue therapy due to intolerance. in normoprolactinaemic amenorrhoea regular menstruation reappeared in 4 out of 5 women; 2 patients even ovulated.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

[Immunopathology of lymphatic systemic diseases].

Immunopathological findings in the various non-Hodgkin lymphomas are summarized in this report, with special emphasis on recent results with monoclonal antibodies. Results are presented in different types of lymphocytic lymphoma, in those derived from the germinal centre, from T-lymphocytes of "central" and "peripheral" origin and in some disorders involving early precursors of B-lymphocytes. These diseases very probably represent maturation defects ("frozen states") of defined subpopulations of lymphoid cells. The possible diagnostic role of immunoperoxidase and immunofluorescence techniques in cell suspensions and, particularly, in frozen sections of diseased tissues obtained from patients with lymphomas and leukaemias is discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

[Recurrence in Hodgkin's disease: incidence, therapy and prognosis. (Experience with 134 patients)].

Of 157 patients with Hodgkin's disease treated between 1970 and 1981 an assessment of the clinical course was possible in 134 cases. Remissions were achieved in 120 patients (89%). 51 patients (43%) relapsed subsequently. The highest relapse rates were seen in advanced stages of the disease and in patients with unfavourable histological subgroups (mixed cellularity and lymphocyte depletion). Second remissions were achieved in 40 patients (78%), the remission being complete in 33 cases (65%). Patients who had received radiation therapy primarily, responded significantly better to secondary treatment than patients who had received chemotherapy initially. The predicted five-year survival rate is 70% for patients with complete remission after relapse and 34% for patients with partial remission. Though a relapse of Hodgkin's disease can frequently be treated with curative outcome, patients with certain high-risk factors (e.g. large mediastinal tumour, stage III2, lymphocyte depletion histology) need more intensive induction therapy.

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗
PubMed1983

[Immunologic detection and in vitro activity of suppressor cells].

Suppressor cells can be identified in vitro either by specific antibodies or by functional test assays. On investigation of the latter, a close relationship was demonstrated between spontaneously active and in vitro induced (ConA) suppressor cells. The activity of these cells, however, showed a wide day to day variation. Hence, no clinically relevant conclusions could be drawn from a comparison of patients and controls. This was shown both for SLE and myeloma. However, in multiple myeloma indirect evidence of increased activity of short-lived suppressor cells emerged from a different methodological approach. Helper and suppressor cells were evaluated using monoclonal antibodies. Patients with Hodgkin's disease in long-term remission had decreased proportions of T-lymphocytes. Helper T-cells but not suppressor T-cells were strongly diminished. The helper-suppressor ratio was changed from 2.1 in controls to 1.2 in patients. The stimulation (PHA-stimulation) index of the patients was half of the control value. The interactions of suppressor and tumour cells were investigated in non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. In general, a marked reactive infiltration of neoplastic lymph nodes was found. The pattern of suppressor cell distribution argued in favour of a functional role of these cells in tumour growth.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

[In vitro studies of clonable human B lymphocytes].

A recently developed micro agar culture system has been optimized for the in vitro growth of human B-lymphocytes. Enriched B-lymphocytes from the peripheral blood of normal individuals were suspended in an agar layer, above which a liquid overlayer containing 20% PHA-LCM, 2-ME and Prot A or LPS as stimulants was added. Two morphologically distinguishable colony types were observed using this culture technique: diffusely proliferating colonies (Type I) were found within the agar layer, and round, compact colonies (Type II) appeared to leave the agar layer and continue growth in the liquid overlayer. For both colony types a linear relationship was demonstrated between the number of seeded cells and the number of formed colonies. The appearance of the two colony types in vitro was not concurrent, and they exhibited differing sensitivity to mitogen concentration and to the type of serum used as additive to the culture medium. The implications of clonal in vitro cultivation of lymphocytes, both normal and pathological, are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

[Therapy of malignant lymphomas].

Prognostic factors in patients with Hodgkin's disease and the non-Hodgkin lymphomas are reviewed and discussed since they form the basis of the therapeutic approach to these conditions. Hodgkin's disease is treated according to stage, histology and other prognostic criteria and the appropriate management is presented in tabular form. In the non-Hodgkin lymphomas, prospective studies using the Kiel classification indicated that these lymphomas could be subdivided into types of low-, intermediate- and high-grade malignancy, each requiring different treatment modalities. An expectative approach is often, but not always, recommended in lymphomas of low malignancy. The natural history of lymphomas of high-grade malignancy is unfavourable and, usually, prolonged survival is observed only in those cases in which a complete remission is achieved. Our therapeutic approach to the various forms of these lymphomas is based on the stage of the disease and the respective schedules are summarized for lymphomas of low- and high-grade malignancy. Finally, the chances of cure in Hodgkin's disease and in the non-Hodgkin lymphomas are discussed and recent developments are mentioned.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

Studies of myelopoiesis in vitro on blood and bone marrow cells of patients with acute leukemia in long-term remission.

In vitro myelopoiesis in a group of ten patients with acute leukemia (6 AML, 1 APML, 3 ALL) in long-term remission has been studied. The patients remained in first stable remission for at least 4 years and maintenance therapy had been completed in all patients except one. In the patients, colony formation of bone marrow cells after 7 days of incubation was significantly increased compared to a representative control group. The proliferation of microclusters after 3 incubation days was also markedly enhanced, and accelerated proliferation of all aggregates (microclusters, macroclusters and colonies) could be demonstrated in culture with the patients' bone marrow cells. The use of autologous feeder layers and autologous serum showed no inhibitory effect on colony formation. The proportion of eosinophil colonies formed with the patients' bone marrow cells was in the normal range. In contrast to the high proliferation capacity of bone marrow precursor cells the CFU-c number of peripheral blood was significantly decreased in the patients' group. No significant correlation between CFU-c number of bone marrow and blood cells could be found. The colony stimulating activity of the patients' peripheral mononuclear cells was normal compared to healthy controls. We conclude from this study that even in long-term remission of acute leukemia certain in vitro abnormalities exist in myelopoietic proliferation and regulation.

Bone Marrow↗
PubMed1983

[Cytologic endometrial changes following high-dose iridium-192 radiation].

By intrauterine exfoliative smear performed twice in each of seventeen patients, the cytomorphologic effect of an iridium-192 after-loading irradiation was demonstrated. The examinations showed that the cytologic findings were characteristic of the effect of ionizing radiation even in case of the histologically unchanged, not radiosensitive cylindrical epithelium. After the iridium irradiation of malignantly transformed cells of the cylindrical epithelium with 1000 rd, vacuolation and pseudoeosinophilia were the predominant lesions, while after 2000 rd this was above all the presence of macronucleoli. A marked cellular diathesis is a characteristic result of the irradiation with iridium-192. Although hyperchromasia is not an absolute sign of malignancy in case of the adenocarcinoma, it should be mentioned that chromatin concentrations are scarcely found after irradiation.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1982

[Acute leukemias in elderly patients (author's transl)].

We conducted an investigation of 186 randomly selected acute adult leukemia patients in order to examine how far age and subtype of leukemia can be correlated with survival rate. The diagnosis of leukemia was established by cytochemical and cytomorphological techniques. There was an increased frequency of acute myelogenic leukemias in older patients. The age group of the 61-90 year old showed a significant decrease in the survival rate, but at the same time in this age group there was a higher frequency of leukemia types with poor prognosis. Early deaths were correlated with advanced age of patients. There were no long time survivors (with survival rates longer than 4 years after diagnosis) above the age of 57.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1982

Taxonomic relations between archaebacteria including 6 novel genera examined by cross hybridization of DNAs and 16S rRNAs.

DNAs from 16 species of archaebacteria including 6 novel isolates were hybridized with 16S rRNAs from 7 species representing different orders or groups of the urkingdom of archaebacteria. The yields, normalized for the number of genes per microgram of DNA, and the temperature stabilities of all hybrids were determined and related to each other. A taxonomic tree constructed from such fractional stability data reveals the same major divisions as that derived from comparative cataloging of 16S rRNA sequences. The extreme halophiles appear however as a distinct order besides the three known divisions of methanogens. The methanogens, the halophiles and Thermoplasma form one of two clearly recognizable branches of the archaebacterial urkingdom. The order represented by Sulfolobus and the related novel order Thermoproteales form the other branch. Three novel genera, Thermoproteus, Desulfurococcus and the "stiff filaments" represent three families of this order. The extremely thermophilic methanogen Methanothermus fervidus belongs to the Methanobacteriales. SN1, a methanogen from Italy, appears as another species of the genus Methanococcus. Another novel methanogen, M3, represents a genus or family of the order Methanomicrobiales.

Archaea↗
PubMed1982

Urinary neopterine in the assessment of lymphoid and myeloid neoplasia, and neopterine levels in haemolytic anaemia and benign monoclonal gammopathy.

The urinary neopterine levels were measured by HPLC in 417 normal subjects and in 216 patients with haematological diseases. All patients with active malignancies (multiple myeloma, polycythaemia vera. Hodgkin's lymphoma, non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, chronic myelocytic and chronic lymphocytic leukaemia) showed highly elevated mean and median values compared to the control groups. Those of patients with multiple myeloma stage I were only raised to near the upper limit of healthy subjects. Of 123 patients with active disease 105 (85%) were above the upper limit. In contrast, the mean and median values of 56 patients with neoplasias in remission (Hodgkin's and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, acute leukemia and multiple myeloma) were not different from those of healthy subjects, and only 7 (12.5%) of these patients had levels above the upper limit. In patients with non-malignant diseases (haemolytic anaemia and benign monoclonal paraproteinaemia) the mean and median values were not raised. In patients with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and with chronic lymphocytic leukemia, the neopterine levels corresponded with the tumor stage. The present data suggest tht neopterine assay may supplement laboratory measurements in haematological diseases, providing helpful information.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

Normal suppressor-cell activity in systemic lupus erythematosus. A study on 26 cases.

Suppressor-cell activity of 26 SLE patients suffering from active disease was compared to that of 15 healthy controls. ConA-induced and spontaneous suppression was evaluated. The mitogen-driven proliferation of normal allogeneic cells was significantly impaired by ConA-induced as well as spontaneous suppressor cells. However, no difference in suppressor-cell activity could be demonstrated between SLE patients and controls.

Concanavalin A↗
PubMed1982

[Intracavitary radiotherapy of benign recurrent uterine bleedings (author's transl)].

387 patients with uterine bleeding resistant to other therapy were treated by intracavitary radium-therapy. In all cases there was a contraindication for the operative removal of the uterus. In 94,3% of our cases the bleeding could be treated successfully by the radium-application. Side effects of the irradiation occurred only in a minimal and neglectable percentage. Therefore the intrauterine contact-irradiation-therapy should be remembered in cases of uterine bleeding resistant to hormonal therapy or in cases of high risk for operation. With the new and modern afterloading device the molestation for the patients could be reduced to a minimum.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

[Bone marrow culture, cytochemistry and electron microscopy in agar in patients with preleukemic syndrome and aplastic anemia].

Thirty-seven patients with chronic cytopenia were studied using a CFU-c assay in agar. On the basis of the growth pattern three types of preleukaemic syndrome (PL) and two types of aplastic anaemia were distinguished. Further evaluation of the bone marrow dysfunction was attempted with a combined application of cytochemistry and electron microscopy for the morphologic study of cells proliferating in vitro. Well-defined maturation defects in the growing cells from the bone marrow of patients with PL were demonstrated with cytochemical stainings performed in agar. These results were supported by electron microscopic findings of Auer-body-like inclusions in "statu nascendi" in the vacuoles of preleukaemic cells. On the basis of our results a high risk group of PL for development of overt leukaemia and a group of patients with a grave prognosis in aplastic anaemia were distinguished. The data obtained are relevant for the clinical diagnosis and prognosis of patients with cytopenias.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

[Immunopathology of paraproteinemic hemoblastoses].

Multiple myeloma is the most common disease characterized by paraproteinemia. The present paper deals with the immunological behaviour of these tumor cells, concentrates on dysfunctions of immunosurveillance and discusses the issue of tumor rejection by immunological means.

Antibodies, Neoplasm↗
PubMed1982

A micro agar culture system for cloning human erythropoietic progenitors in vitro.

A simple and reproducible micro agar culture method for cloning erythropoietic progenitor cells from human bone marrow is described. Mononuclear cells (MNC) were immobilized in an agar layer and stimulated by erythropoietin (Ep), which was added to a liquid overlayer. The cultures were routinely incubated, fixed, transferred to microscopic slides, dried, and stained, and erythroid colonies were morphologically examined. The dynamics of growth observed from days 2 to 26 of incubation in the presence of 2.4 U Ep/ml showed basically three kinds of aggregates, which reached maximum growth on different days of incubation. A close Ep dose-response relationship was found for CFUE and BFUE at a concentration of 7.5 x 10(4) seeded cells. By varying the plated cell concentration between 2.5 and 10 x 10(4) cells a linear increase in the aggregates formed was found. On the basis of their growth dynamics and morphologic composition, the existence of three populations of erythropoietic progenitor cells in human bone marrow is tentatively proposed.

Agar↗