Fructose-lysine, which is formed by binding glucose to lysine, is degraded on acid hydrolysis into furosine. Furosine was determined by high-performance liquid chromatography according to the method of Schleicher et al. Furosine values were significantly higher in diabetic patients than in healthy subjects, and significantly correlated with haemoglobin A1 (HbA1) values. These results suggest that furosine, like HbA1, may become an indicator of long-term blood glucose control in diabetic patients and be useful in investigating diabetic complications on the level of tissue.

Blood Glucose↗

PubMed1984

Increase of carbamylcholine-induced 22Na+ influx into pheochromocytoma PC12h cells by nerve growth factor.

Carbamylcholine (CCh)-induced 22Na+ influx into clonal rat pheochromocytoma PC12h cells increased remarkably by culturing the cells in the presence of nerve growth factor (NGF) at a concentration of 50 ng/ml. After 2-4 days in culture with NGF, the CCh-induced 22Na+ influx into cells was enhanced 3- to 5-fold compared to the influx into NGF-untreated cells. No increase of CCh-induced 22Na+ influx was seen prior to 15 h. The ED50 value for NGF to increase the responsiveness was 4.6 ng/ml. This effect could not be mimicked by the addition of 1 mM dibutyryl cyclic AMP. Besides NGF, epidermal growth factor increased the CCh-induced 22Na+ influx into cells to a lower extent that NGF did. Insulin and dexamethasone had no effect. By contrast, the amount of [125I] alpha-bungarotoxin binding to PC12h cells was not changed when cultured in the presence of NGF. It is concluded that the functional nAChR and alpha-bungarotoxin binding sites of PC12h cells are controlled by different mechanisms.

Animals↗

PubMed1984

Effects of glycosylation on physiological and biological activities of substances.

Hemoglobin A1 (HbA1) increases in old erythrocytes. These erythrocytes with increased HbA1 had decreased oxygen dissociation ability, resulting in decreased function. L-Triiodothyronine (T3) underwent glycosylation to form glycosylated T3. The biological activity of glycosylated T3 was assayed utilizing the metamorphosis of tadpoles. It was found that glycosylated T3 was less than one-tenth as biologically active as T3.

Aging↗

PubMed1984

Monoclonal antibodies to tyrosine hydroxylase from rat pheochromocytoma PC12h cells with special reference to nerve growth factor-mediated increase of the immunoprecipitable enzymes.

Twelve hybridomas, which secrete the monoclonal antibodies to rat pheochromocytoma tyrosine hydroxylase (TH), were obtained. All of these antibodies immunoprecipitated the TH molecules from rat pheochromocytoma PC12h cells, adrenal medulla and brain. Two antibodies, namely PCTH-3 and -7 (both IgG1), directly inhibited the catalytic activity of TH. Another antibody, PCTH-4 (IgG1), bound to the enzyme without inhibition of the catalytic activity. The antibodies PCTH-3 and -4 immunostained the 60 K bands on a nitrocellulose sheet, which were electrotransfered from the gel after the SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of PC12h cell and rat adrenal medulla homogenates. The antibody PCTH-4 immunocytochemically labeled specific neurons in the locus ceruleus, hypothalamus and substantia nigra of rat brain. Immunotitration using PCTH-4 antibody revealed that the nerve growth factor-mediated increase of TH activity in PC12h cells is due to the increase of the enzyme molecules.

Adrenal Gland Neoplasms↗

PubMed1984

CT findings in patients with gliomas, surviving more than 10 years.

After reviewing the latest CT scans of 23 mostly low grade glioma patients who survived more than 10 years after treatment, it was suggested that loss of the original tumour bulk and frequently the presence of porencephalic cavity replacing the original tumour, with a smooth lining which is not contrast-enhanced is essential to assume a clinical "cure" in the case of intrinsic cerebral gliomas. In the case of gliomas growing within the ventricle or subarachnoid space, tissue with calcium deposit but without contrast-enhancement was noted, although the number of cases was limited.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1984