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Biomedical subjects

H Goldstein

Publications and source records attributed to H Goldstein.

At least 145 records · Page 8Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

Adolescent health in Alameda County.

A cross-sectional study of 194 adolescents in Alameda County, California, was performed to investigate health care behavior, personal adjustment, substance abuse, and medical and dental morbidity. A multivariate analysis of this sample using age, sex, ethnic group, and family type as independent variables was carried out. Females were less likely than males to have a regular place for medical care, and youths belonging to single parent families were less likely than those from intact families. Older adolescents, blacks and Hispanics used hospitals and clinics more frequently, while whites used private physicians more frequently than did other ethnic groups. Also blacks and Hispanics were less likely to have received recent dental care than whites. Levels of substance abuse were comparable to national levels, and increased significantly with age. Though overall medical morbidity was low, the study confirms previous findings of significant levels of dental decay particularly in black youth. A significant relation exists between less dental care and dental decay, though no such relation exists between medical care and medical morbidity. The study has potential implications for better preventive approaches to adolescent health care.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

Incidence of rapid resolution of defects on stress thallium scans.

A prospective study was performed to determine the frequency with which defects on stress thallium images undergo rapid resolution. Analysis of paired views showed that 15% of the defects present in anterior views resolve in less than 30 minutes. This study documents the loss of sensitivity that can occur if imaging does not begin promptly after injection.

Aged↗
PubMed1982

Comparison of infant mortality in the United States and Sweden.

This study summarizes differences between Sweden and the United States regarding certain aspects of infant mortality. Sweden has the lowest infant mortality rate (IMR) and the United States is number 16. Both the neonatal and postneonatal mortality rates of Sweden are considerably lower. Since 1960, the neonatal mortality rate of Sweden was reduced by a greater percentage. The incidence of low birth weight in Sweden is considerably lower. In the United States, no state has an IMR as low as that of Sweden. Nonwhite babies, babies born out of wedlock, and those of teenage or "old" mothers have a higher IMR. The article describes in some detail the organization and network of services in Sweden that may be playing an important role in Sweden's low IMR.

Asphyxia Neonatorum↗
PubMed1980

Ecological considerations in the creation and the use of child growth standards.

There is no proper substitute for a country, especially a developing country, having its own child growth standards or norms for clinical use, based on a representative sample of the population. Separate standards may be derived for subgroups of the population, but the application to the whole population of standards based on an economically privileged group is inappropriate, as is the use of an international standard. The screening or clinical use of growth standards should be sharply distinguished from the use of growth measurements to compare disadvantaged with privileged groups or populations. In particular, the use of growth standards to screen individual children should not divert attention from the need to change existing differences between disadvantaged and privileged groups.

Child↗
PubMed1980

Acquisition of a verb-subject-object miniature linguistic system by adults.

Two experiments are reported. In the first, ten college-aged adults were exposed to a miniature linguistic system (MLS) and the referents it encoded. The referents included three shapes which functioned as subjects in the MLS, three shapes which functioned as objects, and three actions which functioned as verbs. Nine nonsense syllables were assigned to the referents. The MLS allowed only sentences of the form, verb-subject-object, to describe a subject-shape acting in a specific manner on an object-shape. Videotaped presentations of the shape and action referents and simultaneous auditory presentation of the appropriate MLS sentence were used during teaching trials. Testing trials containing no auditory presentations were alternated with the teaching trials. During testing trials, subjects were required to write MLS sentences to describe the shape-action referents presented. The data gathered during testing trials allowed the acquisition of each lexical item, each word-class, and the word-class ordering rule to be examined. The results of Experiment I showed that the actions were learned more quickly than either the subject-shapes or the object-shapes. Experiment II investigated possible reasons for the verb-learning advantage noted in Experiment I. Twelve college-aged adults learned shape names and action names as single word responses. The results of Experiment II suggest that the verb-learning advantage noted in Experiment I was due, at least in part, to a lexical learning effect rather than a syntactical learning effect, nonsense syllable mediation, or word position. Error analyses of Experiment I data support this conclusion. Implications of the findings and the experimental technique for language remediation are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Changing indications for bone scintigraphy in patients with osteosarcoma.

Fifty-six patients with osteosarcoma were studied to determine the onset of pulmonary and bone metastases. While pulmonary metastases were always detected prior to bone metastases in the era before adjuvant chemotherapy, in this study of patients on adjuvant therapy 16% of patients with metastases showed osseous metastases prior to or without pulmonary metastases.

Actuarial Analysis↗
PubMed1980

Is there still a place for bone scanning in Ewing's sarcoma? Concise communication.

In this retrospective study, 28 cases of Ewing's sarcoma are reviewed for the onset of metastasis. Bone scans demonstrated bone metastasis in three out of 28 patients at presentation. Of the 22 patients free of metastases at presentation, ten subsequently developed bone metastases. In six of these patients, the bone scan was the earliest demonstrator of metastatic disease. Bone scans are recommended at presentation and periodically during follow-up.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

Clinician-child discourse: some preliminary questions.

Various pragmatic procedures were used to analyze clinician-child discourse in a language remediation setting. Communicative acts, responses to prior requests, and discourse topics were described in the interaction between clinician and child. Three major trends were derived from the data. First, consistent patterns were found among clinicians and children for the relative frequency of communicative acts as well as the general and specific types of communicative acts. Second, patterns were not found for the responses to prior requests for either clinicians or children. Last, consistent patterns were found across data on groups of clinicians and children for the introduction, continuation, and reintroduction of discourse topics. Preliminary questions are raised regarding the variables associated with clinician-child discourse to begin to understand the nature of this interaction.

Child↗
PubMed1978

A method for studying shape change in children.

A method is given measuring shape change with age, utilizing two dimensional body outlines. Problems of standardization for overall size are discussed and it is shown how the method can be used to draw D'Arcy Thompson-type transformation grids. The method is applied to serial measurements on a girl from 31/2 to 19 years of age.

Anthropometry↗
PubMed1978

Tonsillectomy and circumcision: comparisons of two cohorts.

Changes in the prevalence of tonsillectomy and circumcision in eleven year olds are described in two birth cohorts spaced 12 years apart. Both types of operation were less prevalent in the later (1958) cohort; tonsillectomy fell by a fifth and circumcision by more than half. These falls were confined to tonsillectomy before the age of six and circumcision under one year. Social class differences in tonsillectomy were found in both cohort studies but the strong social class gradient in circumcision reported in the 1946 cohort had vanished in the 1958. Regional and birth rank differences are found for both types of operation; these show substantial changes over time. These results are discussed in the context of changing professional opinions about the worth of these operations.

Child↗