[Recent progress in biosensors: problems awaiting solutions for long-term clinical applications of glucose sensor].
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Biocompatible Materials↗
Biomedical subjects
H Fukushima
Publications and source records attributed to H Fukushima.
[A case of McCune-Albright syndrome].
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Female↗
[Oxidation of 13C-labeled glucose during loading of various intensity].
The purpose of the investigation was to assess the percentage utilization of administered glucose labelled with the natural isotope 13C during an intensive load on a bicycle ergometer (I) (1 hr, 75% VO2max) and a light load (L) (1.5 hr 45% VO2max). In the investigation participated four healthy volunteers who before pedalling drank 1.2 g.kg-1 labelled glucose dissolved in 400 ml water. The oxidation of administered glucose was measured in expired 13CO2. In the course of load I 15% were oxidized and during load L 47% of the administered 13C glucose. The difference in utilization of administered glucose during I and L loads is significant (p less than 0.025). The blood sugar level rose significantly during load I, insulinaemia during load I as well as L, but in load I it was significantly lower as compared with load L (p less than 0.05). This investigation supplements findings on the lower utilization of concentrated glucose solutions during intensive physical loads.
Adult↗
Characterization of leukocyte chemotactic activity of bacteriocin from Streptococcus mutans Rm-10.
Bacteriocins have several biological activities in addition to their antibacterial effect. We investigated the chemotactic properties and mode of action of purified streptococcal bacteriocin. Bacteriocin purified from a culture supernatant of Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans) Rm-10 induced chemotaxis of human polymorphonuclear leukocytes and monocytes. Following purification, leukocyte migration appeared in one bacteriocin fraction, and this migration was dependent on the concentration gradient in dilution ranges from 1/960 to 1/15. Chemotactic activity of the bacteriocin was heat labile and trypsin sensitive. Moreover, preincubation of bacteriocin with varying dilutions of its antiserum prepared in rabbits resulted in a significant loss of the chemotactic activity.
Bacteriocins↗
Sequencing and expression of a full-length cDNA for human alpha-L-fucosidase.
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Base Sequence↗
Quantitative detection of blood-brain barrier-associated enzymes in cultured endothelial cells of porcine brain microvessels.
The present study deals with a rapid and convenient assay for blood-brain barrier (BBB)-associated enzymes, gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (gamma-GTP) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP), in cultured endothelial cells and other cells. These enzyme activities in cultured cells could be efficiently measured by direct incubation of each substrate in the culture plates without pretreatment of the cells. This new direct in situ-in plate assay was more rapid and convenient than conventional ex-plate assays, and these assays gave similar values for specific enzyme activities. gamma-GTP and ALP activities could be detected by this in situ method in primary-cultured endothelial cells of porcine brain microvessels, but their levels were lower than those before culture. The degree of loss due to culture differed between gamma-GTP and ALP; a relatively large amount of ALP remained but the gamma-GTP level decreased greatly. In this direct in situ-in plate assay, cultured porcine aortic endothelial cells exhibited negligibly small activities for both enzymes, whereas cultured astroglial cells of neonatal porcine brain showed moderate gamma-GTP activity and a trace of ALP activity. This direct in situ-in plate assay can be used for microculture and automatic measurement and offers a convenient means for studying the possible regulatory mechanisms of the expression of the BBB-associated enzymes.
Alkaline Phosphatase↗
Localization and identification of root canal bacteria in clinically asymptomatic periapical pathosis.
Twenty-one teeth with clinically asymptomatic periapical pathosis (class 3) were extracted and the isolation, identification, and localization of bacteria in the root apex were examined. Mixtures involving several bacteria were isolated from more than 60% of the cases. Scanning electron microscopy revealed bacterial masses to be associated with the apical part of the root canal, but not with the area of apical foramen or on the surface of root apex. Our results indicate that the bacteria in class 3 cases may be derived from organisms which colonized before or during endodontic treatment, but not from anachoresis. The bacteria-positive cases of asymptomatic periapical pathosis have the potential to progress to symptomatic periapical pathosis.
Actinomyces↗
Evaluation of lectures on medical ethics through students' drawings.
The authors have encouraged medical students to express their impressions of and reactions to lectures on medical ethics by drawing illustrations on their attendance cards. This gives students a sense of participation in the lecture, and also it provides teachers with useful feedback concerning students' understanding of and interest in the subject.
Art↗
Mice and moles inhabiting mountainous areas of Shimane Peninsula as sources of infection with Yersinia pseudotuberculosis.
A total of 1,835 Yersinia spp. were isolated from 925 (60.5%) of 1,530 wild mice and from 139 (79.9%) of 174 moles living in mountainous areas of eastern Shimane Prefecture, Japan. The Yersinia spp. included 1,106 Yersinia enterocolitica, 26 Y. enterocolitica-like, 176 Yersinia mollaretii, 149 Yersinia frederiksenii, 70 Yersinia intermedia, 231 Yersinia kristensenii, 5 Yersinia aldovae, and 72 Yersinia pseudotuberculosis. Human pathogenic Y. enterocolitica was not isolated. Y. pseudotuberculosis was divided into 10 virulent 40- to 50-MDa plasmid-positive (P+) strains (serotypes 1b, 4b, and untypeable) and 62 plasmid-negative (P-) strains (serotypes 1b, 2b, 2c, 4a, 5a, 5b, 6, 7, and untypeable). P+ strains of serotypes 1b (two strains), 4b (seven strains), and untypeable (one strain) were isolated from nine Apodemus specious and one Apodemus argenteus. The isolates of Yersinia spp. were more frequently detected in newborn mice and during the breeding season. The P+ Y. pseudotuberculosis strains were recovered at less than 10(4) cells per g of the cecal contents. Thus, the prevalence of Yersinia spp. in small wild animals depends on the newborn animals born during the cold months, and wild mice in mountainous areas are important reservoirs of Y. pseudotuberculosis.
Animals↗
Ornithine transcarbamylase deficiency in male adolescence and adulthood.
A discrete deficiency of hepatic ornithine transcarbamylase (OTC) was found in male patients who were 58, 46 and 17 years old. Each had developed hyperammonemic coma. The mother and a sister of the 17-year-old patient exhibited orotic aciduria either spontaneously or after protein loading, thus demonstrating heterozygosity. A sister of one other patient and a daughter of the third patient showed a smaller orotic aciduria after protein loading. These observations indicate that inherited deficiency of OTC should be included in the differential diagnosis of hyperammonemic states in adult male patients.
Adolescent↗
SCID (severe combined immunodeficiency) mice as a new system to investigate metastasis of human tumors.
In severe combined immunodeficiency (scid) mice which are deficient in T and B cell functions, human yolk sac tumor (YST-2) grew rapidly to enormous sizes in all of the animals after both subcutaneous and intraperitoneal transplantation, while only half of the subcutaneous and none of the intraperitoneal transplants were accepted in usual athymic nude mice. Furthermore, transplanted tumors metastasized spontaneously to distant organs such as lung, liver, kidney, pancreas, and spleen in scid mice, while metastases were not found in athymic nude mice. Similar results were observed in scid mice and scid-nude (streaker) double mutant mice with human classic (typical) seminoma which has been neither transplantable nor metastatic in athymic nude mice. Thus, scid mice provide an invaluable experimental system to investigate the mechanism of metastasis which is the most important and life-threatening problem in cancer patients.
Animals↗
[Distribution of enzymatically pathogenic bacteria from periodontal pocket in advancing periodontitis].
Production of 9 enzymatic activities of 527 strains freshly isolated from periodontal pockets in advancing periodontitis were investigated. Of these isolates, two strains showed lecithinase activity on egg yolk agar plate. Collagenase, plasmin and lipase were produced by 28 strains, 26 strains and 22 strains, respectively. Two lecithinase-producing strains were identified as Bacteroides intermedius. Nineteen strains of B. intermedius and 1 strain of Fusobacterium species produced lipase on egg yolk agar plate. All of the 28 collagenase-producing strains were B. gingivalis. B. gingivalis (20 strains) and non black-pigmented Bacteroides (6 strains) showed plasmin activity. These results indicate that Bacteroides species, mainly B. gingivalis and B. intermedius may exert an important influence on the exacerbation of the disease.
Bacteroides↗
[Hepatocellular carcinoma with a complete remission of bone metastasis achieved by arterial chemotherapy].
Reported is the case of a hepatocellular carcinoma with a complete remission of the bone metastasis by arterial chemotherapy. The patient was 60 year old male, with the chief complaint being a tumor at the right side of the chest. The diagnosis was a hepatocellular carcinoma with a bone metastasis at the right 10th rib. The bone tumor showed no decrease in size after an intra-arterial injection of adriamycin, and radiation and or hyperthermia. Therefore, intra-arterial injections of mitomycin C mixed with lipiodol were instituted through the intercostal artery, and no bone tumor was noted after start of this therapy. Although the patient subsequently died, microscopic examination of a specimen obtained at autopsy revealed no malignant cells at the right 10th rib. Intra-arterial injections of anticancer agents mixed with lipiodol therefore are thought to be useful for the treatment of a bone metastasis.
Bone Neoplasms↗
A case of death due to dragging by a car: establishment of a homicide because of conscious negligence.
A drunken pedestrian (a 19-year-old male) lying on the street was hit by a car at night and dragged to a distance of about 600 meters. He was taken to a hospital soon but died there from brain injuries. His head and back were strongly and widely grazed against the road surface. Major parts of the left side of his skull and the brain were scraped off. The assailant thought that he had to escape from the place, because he was on probation because of established crime of drunken driving and drug abuse. As he continued to drive even after noticing that his car was dragging the victim, realizing that he might die as a consequence, a case of homicide due to conscious negligence was established.
Accidents, Traffic↗
Characterization of the promoter region of the human insulin receptor gene.
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Amino Acid Sequence↗
Antimicrobial susceptibilities of Eubacterium, Peptostreptococcus, and Bacteroides isolated from root canals of teeth with periapical pathosis.
Eubacterium, Peptostreptococcus, and Bacteroides were isolated in high frequency from root canals with acute periapical inflammation. The antimicrobial susceptibilities of these strains were studied by determining minimum inhibitory concentrations of different agents. Although all three kinds of isolates were susceptible to penicillins, the isolates other than black-pigmented Bacteroides were less susceptible to cephems, tetracyclines, and macrorides with several resistant strains. All strains were uniformly resistant to aminoglycosides. Some differences in susceptibilities were observed among species of Eubacterium and Peptostreptococcus, while penicillins were effective for both species. Black-pigmented Bacteroides showed good susceptibilities to all agents except for aminoglycosides. The susceptibility of Bacteroides gingivalis was superior to that of Bacteroides intermedius. There were many resistant strains in non-black-pigmented but not in black-pigmented Bacteroides isolates. Penicillins were the most effective for Eubacterium, Peptostreptococcus, and Bacteroides, indicating that penicillins are suitable for treatment of root canals with acute apical periodontitis.
Aminoglycosides↗
Availability of immunostaining methods for identification of mixed-up tissue specimens.
The immunostaining method of ABO blood determinants in tissue sections is useful when surgical tissue specimens, submitted for diagnosis, are improperly identified. This article reports two cases in which the surgical specimens became mixed-up and the ABO immunostaining method was used to identify the patients' tissues correctly and prevent unnecessary surgery.
Biopsy↗
Surface appendages, hemagglutination, and adherence to human epithelial cells of Bacteroides intermedius.
Four types of morphologically distinct surface appendages were found on oral strains of Bacteroides intermedius. These appendages, designated as A, B, C, and D, were different in size, with diameters of 1-2 nm, 12 nm, 8 nm, and 5 nm, respectively. Twenty different strains were examined by electron microscopy and 5 strains, 5, 17, 27, 113, and 25611, were selected to be representative of the different appendages encountered. Type A appendages were thin filaments peritrichously arranged on the cell surface and were associated mainly with Strains 5, 113, and ATCC 25611. Type B appendages were present on all 5 strains but these structures were scarce (i.e., less than or equal to 3 per organism). Type C appendages were associated exclusively with Strain 17. Type D appendages were present mainly on Strain 27. Hemagglutination activity of these organisms and their ability to adhere to human buccal epithelial cells were also tested. Strain 17, which possessed Type C appendage (uncommon to the other strains), agglutinated strongly with 5 different species of erythrocytes and adhered avidly to human buccal epithelial cells. The other strains, possessing different types of appendages, showed considerable variation in hemagglutination activity and adherence properties. Correlation between these surface appendages and adherent functions was speculated.
Animals↗