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Biomedical subjects

H Endo

Publications and source records attributed to H Endo.

At least 433 records · Page 24Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

Isolation and characterization of a conserved sequence highly expressed in tumors and growing cells.

We isolated a cDNA clone, pAH1005, originating from the 6.8-kilobases mRNA of the rat ascites hepatoma cell line, AH60C. The sequence was highly expressed in various tumor tissues and tumor lines in rats, mice and humans. In rats, the expression of the sequence was also observed in fetal liver of 7 and 10 days of gestation, to some extent in the regenerating liver, yet was sparse in normal adult tissues. Additionally, this expression was induced when adult rat hepatocytes in primary monolayer cultures proliferated by the addition of epidermal growth factor and insulin. Southern blot analysis showed no major gene amplification and rearrangement between DNAs from hepatoma and normal liver of the same species. In addition, in vitro nuclear transcription assay revealed that a genomic clone corresponding to the pAH1005 hybridized to the nascent RNA from isolated nuclei of AH60C but not from those of normal rat liver. All these observations suggest that the expression of the conserved sequence we isolated is closely associated with cell growth and is regulated at the transcriptional level.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Breast metastases of prostatic carcinoma: immunohistochemical case study.

A breast mass developed in a patient receiving estrogen therapy for prostatic cancer. The prostate tumor was adenocarcinoma of small acinar type, whereas that of the breast was infiltrating medullary adenocarcinoma. Histological features of the two tumors differed and double cancer was suspected by conventional pathological study. However, immunohistochemical staining with prostatic specific antigen and prostatic acid phosphatase was positive in each tumor. These results indicate the breast tumor to be a metastasis from the prostatic cancer.

Acid Phosphatase↗
PubMed1987

The establishment of a new biological assay system for simultaneous measurement of bone resorption and bone mineralization in organ cultures of chick embryonic femur.

A biological assay system has been developed for the simultaneous measurement of bone resorption and bone mineralization. In this system we (1) used chick embryonic femur as the biological material because of the easy handling and easy specification of developmental stages compared with rat and mouse, (2) labeled bone with 45Ca in vitro, (3) calculated the biological half life (T1/2) of 45Ca incorporated into bone salts for quantitative estimation of the bone resorbing activity, and (4) investigated bone-mineralizing activity by determining the calcium content before and after cultivation. Eleven-day-old chick embryonic femur was labeled with 45Ca in a chemically defined medium in vitro and thereafter labeled bones were transferred to chase medium. T1/2 was calculated from the sequential release of the label into the medium from the cultured bone. No one heretofore had determined the T1/2 of Ca in bone salts. We first determined in this study that the T1/2 of Ca in the chick embryonic femur is about 50 h. The decrease in T1/2 by parathyroid hormone, prostaglandin E1 and E2 and lipopolysaccharide, well-known stimulators of bone resorption, showed that this system works well in terms of bone resorption. By using this system, we demonstrated that immunomodulators such as Bacillus Calmette Guerin and Corynebacterium paruvum stimulate bone resorption and therefore affect bone metabolism. On the contrary, sodium fluoride (NaF) and hydrocortisone increased T1/2, indicating that they inhibit bone resorption. These agents were also tested to determine if they would alter total calcium in the bone during cultivation.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Early changes in parathyroid hormone response and proteoglycan synthesis of chick embryonic femur produced by exposure to 6-aminonicotinamide in ovo.

The mechanism of induction of micromelia in 6-day-old chick embryo by 6-aminonicotinamide (6-AN) was investigated. Six-day-old chick embryo exposed to 6-AN did not show micromelia when tenfold excess of nicotinamide over 6-AN was co-administered. The ability of nicotinamide to prevent the induction of micromelia was partially offset after 4 hr of exposure to 6-AN and completely disappeared after 6 hr. The length of time necessary for the induction of micromelia was not affected by the concentration of 6-AN. These results indicate that exposure to 6-AN for only a short period of 6 hr is sufficient to commit the limb to micromelia and that cellular components involved in the induction of micromelia alter during this period. During this period, newly synthesized proteoglycan monomers typical of cartilage decreased in average molecular size, and isolated femora did not respond to parathyroid hormone (PTH) but to dibutyryl cyclic AMP to stimulate growth of cartilage in organ culture.

6-Aminonicotinamide↗
PubMed1987

Periosteal epithelioid hemangioendothelioma with leptomeric fibrils.

A case of recurrent periosteal epithelioid hemangioendothelioma of the right femur in a 66-year-old woman is reported. Microscopic examination showed epithelioid tumor cells with frequent intracytoplasmic vacuoles arranged in small nests or cords in hyalinized stroma. Immuno- and lectin-histochemical studies for factor VIII-related antigen and ulex europaeus I lectin indicated the endothelial nature of the tumor cells. Ultrastructurally, a few tumor cells contained leptomeric fibrils and crystalline filamentous aggregates in addition to showing certain features of endothelial cells. There seems to be no previous report of a vascular tumor containing leptomeric fibrils, which are often noted in normal striated muscle cells and their tumors. The bland appearance of the epithelioid tumor cells, poor vasoformative nature and prolonged clinical course differentiated this tumor from conventional angiosarcoma and so-called hemangioendothelioma of bone.

Aged↗
PubMed1987

[Clinical trials on cefuzonam in obstetrics and gynecological infections].

Ten patients (3 cases of abscess of vaginal cuff, 1 case of abscess of vaginal cuff complicated with parametritis, 2 cases of pyosalpinx, 1 case each of abscess of abdominal wall, pelvic cellulitis, pyometra with cervical cancer and paraovarian abscess were treated with cefuzonam (CZON), which was administrated by intravenous drip infusion at a dose of 1,000 mg twice a day for 3 to 10 days (6 g to 19 g total). The clinical effectiveness reached 70.0% including 1 excellent case, 6 good cases and 3 poor cases. Bacteria were detected in all the 10 cases, and with CZON treatment, bacterial eradication were obtained in 3 cases, bacteria decreased in 3 cases, no change in 2 cases and bacterial replacement occurred in 2 cases. No abnormal laboratory findings and side effects were noted. From the above results, CZON seemed to be a highly effective and useful agent for gynecological infections.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Metabolic fate of diltiazem. Distribution, excretion and protein binding in rat and dog.

Pharmacokinetics of (+)-(2S,3S)-2,3-dihydro-3-acetoxy-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-5- [2-(dimethylamino)ethyl]-1,5-benzothiazepin-4(5H)-one hydrochloride (diltiazem-HCl, Cardizem, Herbesser) in rats and dogs were investigated using 14C-diltiazem-HCL. The plasma concentration of unchanged drug in rats was 1.78 microgram/ml 1 min after intravenous administration at a dose of 3 mg/kg, and rapidly decreased thereafter with a half-life of 20 min (alpha-phase) and 56 min (beta-phase). In contrast, the plasma concentration of radioactivity in rats increased during 0-2 h in spite of intravenous administration, and thereafter the level of radioactivity in plasma decreased very slow. In dogs, the plasma concentration of unchanged drug was 0.138 micrograms/ml 1 min after intravenous administration at a dose of 0.2 mg/kg, and then decreased with a half-life of 2.5 min (alpha-phase) and 1.68 h (beta-phase). Dog plasma level of radioactivity decreased once after intravenous administration, but increased from 30 min to 1 h. Unchanged drug plasma levels at 1 h after intravenous administration were 6.6 and 35.1% of the plasma radioactivities in rats and dogs, respectively. When 14C-diltiazem-HCl was orally administered, unchanged drug plasma levels in rats and dogs were 1.8 and 12.8% of the plasma radioactivities at 15 min, respectively. Therefore, the first-pass effect was extensive, especially in rats. Rat whole body autoradiograms showed that radioactivity distributed well to tissues and organs in either route of administration. Similar results were obtained by the method of counting the radioactivity in the tissues and organs of rats.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Augmentation of tumor immunity against syngeneic tumors in mice by beta-carotene.

The effect of beta-carotene on tumor immunity was examined with the use of a syngeneic murine tumor system. Oral administration of beta-carotene (120 micrograms/mouse/day) for 9 days from day 1 to the BALB/c mice inoculated sc with 10(7) syngeneic BALB/c Meth A fibrosarcoma cells (Meth A) led to a remarkable rejection against rechallenged Meth A implanted sc on day 10. The growth of Meth 1 fibrosarcoma (Meth 1), another syngeneic tumor of BALB/c origin, as a rechallenge tumor was unaffected by treatment with beta-carotene, thereby suggesting that beta-carotene may augment tumor rejection specific to tumor-specific antigens. Winn assay revealed that the suppressive effect on tumor growth of immune lymph node cells obtained from Meth A-inoculated beta-carotene-treated mice on day 12 was enhanced dose dependently. Primary effector cells responsible for the augmented rejection are Thy-1-positive, Lyt-1-negative, and Lyt-2-positive lymphocytes, presumably cytotoxic T-lymphocytes.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

[Comparative toxicity study of rokitamycin and josamycin in rats].

A comparative toxicity study on macrolide antibiotics, rokitamycin (TMS-19-Q) and josamycin, was performed in male rats. These drugs were given orally for 1 month at daily doses of 250, 500, 1,000, and 2,000 mg/kg. No animals died in the study. No abnormal symptoms or changes in body weights and food consumption were observed. Results of urinalysis, hematological analysis and biochemical analysis of serum and organ weights were normal except that a dose-dependent hypertrophy of caecum was observed in all dosage groups. Necropsy revealed no notable drug related abnormalities except in caecum of all test groups. Pathological examination found no significant drug-related abnormalities in the test groups. No toxicological signs were detected in the group administered with 2,000 mg/kg of either drug and no difference was found between the 2 drugs.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Serum oxidation activities and rheumatoid arthritis.

The serum oxidation activity (SOA) of patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and other connective-tissue diseases (OCTD) was measured by a new colorimetric procedure the authors have devised, using o-phenylene diamine (OPD) as the indicator. A comparison was made between SOA and other clinical data, such as patient age, the particular stages of the disease and its total duration, number of joints with active synovitis, arthritic score, erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), c-reactive protein (CRP), RA test results, rheumatoid arthritis haemagglutination titre (RAHA), ceruloplasmine (CP) and transferrin. Fifty-three out of 73 patients with RA (72.6%) and thirteen out of 34 patients with OCTD (38.2%) showed high levels of SOA (mean + 2SD of the control value). A significant correlation was noted between SOA and the number of joints with active synovitis, serum CP, CRP and ESR in RA patients. SOA and lipid peroxide (LP) were inversely correlated to a very significant extent. In OCTD, SOA showed a significant correlation with CP, but not with CRP or ESR. The number of active synovitis in RA patients indicated their high correlation with SOA. Drugs generally used for RA therapy, such as D-penicillamine and tiobutarit (SA96), were found to have anti-oxidant activity in the presence of RA sera. On the basis of these data, it is apparent that SOA is a reliable indicator of RA activity, and that the oxidation of various body constituents and fluids may be essential to the inflammatory processes of RA.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1986

A new family of LTR-like sequences abundantly expressed in rat tumors.

We report the identification of two genome DNA fragments containing middle repetitive sequences abundantly expressed in various rat tumors but rarely in normal tissues. These fragments included homologous regions which belonged to a new family of long terminal repeat (LTR) like sequences, designated RAL elements; one displayed the solitary type and the other a provirus structure. The element was transcribed in a strand specific fashion and started from the presumptive cap site within the RAL element. The presumptive polyA addition site within the element was also utilized as evidence of the analysis of a cDNA clone containing the RAL element. This evidence suggested that transcriptional control signals within the element were functioning. Run on assay revealed that expression of the element was regulated at the transcriptional level.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Occurrence of (ADP-ribose)N glycohydrolase in human erythrocytes.

Chromatography of the cytosol of human erythrocytes on Blue Sepharose, S Sepharose, DEAE-cellulose and single-stranded DNA cellulose yielded a fraction which contained an (ADP-ribose)n glycohydrolase activity. The enzyme hydrolyzed (ADP-ribose)n in a fashion of exo-glycosidase. The native molecular weight of the enzyme was estimated to be 56,000 by gel filtration on Sepharose CL-6B. Its optimum pH was around 7.2. ADP-ribose, cAMP and monovalent salts inhibited the activity. Such characteristics established this glycohydrolase as being a cytosolic glycohydrolase II.

Chromatography, DEAE-Cellulose↗
PubMed1986

Identification of two activities of (ADP-ribose)n glycohydrolase in HeLa S3 cells.

HeLa S3 cells contained two activities (form I and II) that degrade (ADP-ribose)n exo-glycosidically. Form I was extracted from nuclei only by sonication in high ionic strength, while form II was soluble in cytosol. The two active forms differed in chromatographic behaviors, in their Km values for (ADP-ribose)n, and in their pH and salt requirements for optimal activity, although both forms exhibited properties characteristic of (ADP-ribose)n glycohydrolase such as requirement of sulfhydryl compounds and sensitivity of ADP-ribose and cAMP. Form I and II had apparent molecular weights of 72,000 and 53,000, respectively, as determined by gel filtration on Sepharose CL-6B.

Adenosine Diphosphate Ribose↗
PubMed1986

Purification and properties of an (ADP-ribose)n glycohydrolase from guinea pig liver nuclei.

An (ADP-ribose)n glycohydrolase has been purified more than 3,000-fold from guinea pig liver nuclei with an 18% yield. The glycohydrolase activity present in the nuclei was solubilized only by sonication at high ionic strength and purified by sequential chromatographic steps on phosphocellulose, DEAE-cellulose, Blue Sepharose, and single-stranded DNA cellulose. The purified protein exhibited one predominant protein band on sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gels with an estimated molecular weight of 75,500. On Sephadex G-100 gel filtration, single coincident peaks of (ADP-ribose)n glycohydrolase activity and protein with a molecular weight value of 72,000 were observed. The Km value for (ADP-ribose)n and the maximal velocity of the highly purified glycohydrolase were 2.3 microM and 36 mumol of ADP-ribose released from (ADP-ribose)n . min-1 . mg protein-1, respectively. Hydrolysis of (ADP-ribose)n by the enzyme was exoglycosidic in nature. The optimum pH for the enzyme activity was apparent at 6.8-7.0. Sulfhydryl compounds and monovalent cations were required for the maximal activity. The enzyme was sensitive to Ca2+ but not to Mg2+. The enzyme activity was inhibited by ADP-ribose, cyclic AMP (adenosine 3':5'-monophosphate) and diadenosine 5',5'''-p1,p4-tetraphosphate. Denatured DNA and histones were inhibitory, but native DNA and its histone complex were not inhibitory. Our data indicate that the glycohydrolase is present only as a minor protein in nuclei, being present in perhaps about 50,000 molecules/nucleus.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

HLA system in senile dementia of Alzheimer type and multi-infarct dementia in Japan.

To clarify the genetic factors in demented patients in Japan, HLA antigens were examined by the authors. They found a significant association between HLA B16 and senile dementia of Alzheimer type. Also a significant difference was observed in the occurrence of HLA Cw 3 between patients with dementia and controls. In the general population the frequency of B16 is higher in Europe and the USA than it is in Japan. So the authors suppose that the difference in the prevalence of senile dementia of Alzheimer type between Japan and other countries is caused by genetic factors.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Acceptor proteins for (ADP-ribose)n in the HeLa S3 cell cycle.

The acceptor proteins for (ADP-ribose)n were investigated by using nuclei or chromosomes isolated from specific phases of the cell cycle of HeLa S3 cells. Analysis of HMG proteins and histone H1 by acetic acid/urea polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis demonstrated that the (ADP-ribosyl)n-ation of HMG 14 and 17 and histone H1 increased by 12- and 5-fold, respectively, in the metaphase chromosomes as compared with that in the G1 phase cell nuclei. The degree of (ADP-ribosyl)n-ation of these proteins in the S phase cell nuclei was as low as that in G1 phase cell nuclei. In the G2 phase cell nuclei, the degrees of (ADP-ribosyl)n-ation of HMG 14 and 17 and histone H1 were about 5- and 2-fold greater, respectively, as compared with that in the G1 phase cell nuclei. The (ADP-ribosyl)n-ation of HMG 1 and 2 was constant through the cell cycle except for a slight decrease in the S phase. The data may imply that the (ADP-ribosyl)n-ation of HMG 14 and 17 and histone H1 is linked to chromatin structural changes in mitosis.

Cell Cycle↗