Subacute toxicity in the rat of isepamicin (HAPA-B), a new aminoglycoside antibiotic, was examined in comparison with amikacin (AMK). Daily doses of 12.5, 25, 100 and 300 mg/kg of HAPA-B or 25 and 100 mg/kg of AMK were injected intramuscularly for 28 days. No animal died and there were no changes in general symptoms except for hemorrhage at injection sites of both drugs. Decreases in body weight gain and food consumption were observed in males and females in the HAPA-B 300 mg/kg dose group. Water consumption was increased in males in the HAPA-B 300 mg/kg and AMK 100 mg/kg dose groups. Elevations of serum creatinine and/or BUN in males and females were occasionally observed in the HAPA-B 300 mg/kg and AMK 100 mg/kg dose groups, and elevation of GOT, which seemed to be due to muscle injuries, was occasionally observed in a no dose-dependent manner with either drug. Increases in kidney and caecum weights of males and females in the HAPA-B 100, 300 mg/kg and AMK 25, 100 mg/kg dose groups and increases in adrenal relative-weights in males and females in the HAPA-B 300 mg/kg dose group were observed. At necropsy, discoloration and enlargement of the kidney were observed in a dose-dependent manner at or above 100 mg/kg with either drug. Histopathological findings indicated degeneration and necrosis in epithelial cells of the proximal convolute tubuli and thickening of basement membrane. Electron microscopic findings indicated an increase in number of large lysosomes containing myeloid bodies in the epithelial cells of the proximal convolute tubuli with both drugs. The above results suggest that HAPA-B has renal toxicity like other aminoglycoside antibiotics but its toxicity was lower than AMK. The non-toxic dose of HAPA-B in this test was 12.5 mg/kg.

Amikacin↗

PubMed1986

[A case of isolated fourth ventricle due to ruptured cerebral aneurysm].

We present a case of isolated fourth ventricle which developed after massive ventricular hemorrhage, due to a ruptured cerebral aneurysm. In an adult an isolated fourth ventricle seems to be very rare, also the symptom of unconsciousness and respiratory arrest and the rapid development in this case seemed very unusual. The aqueductal occlusion was considered to be related to the intraventricular hematoma which remained as clots over a 2-month-period of time. This case was a 57-year-old woman admitted to our hospital in a state of coma. CT showed a massive ventricular hematoma and right carotid angiogram showed an aneurysm of the anterior communicating artery. Bilateral ventricular drainage was performed because of progressive decerebrate rigidity. Since consciousness gradually arose to the Japan Coma Scale 3, clipping of the neck of the aneurysm was performed 25 days after onset. Premature rupture occurred during the operation. After surgery, CT Showed ring-like high densities due to the premature rupture of aneurysm in both lateral ventricles, and also in the fourth ventricle as well. Although the lateral ventricles drainage functioned effectively, the fourth ventricle showed remarkable gradual dilatation. The patient was stuporous, but respiratory arrest occurred suddenly 43 days after onset. Since it was considered that the intraventricular hematoma blocked the aqueduct, the same as in the outlet of the fourth ventricle and that the dilated fourth ventricle compressed the brain stem, the ventriculostomy was performed through suboccipital craniectomy. The cerebellar hemispheres showed remarkable swelling bilaterally, and no cerebrospinal fluid was found in the cisterna magna.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Cerebral Hemorrhage↗

PubMed1985

1.5 kb mRNA abundantly expressed in rat tumors encodes a 37 kilodalton protein in vitro.

A cDNA clone, pAH34, corresponding to a 1.5 kb mRNA present abundantly in various rat tumors was examined for its protein coding capacity. Hybridization-selected RNAs from both poly(A)+ RNAs of a rat ascites hepatoma cell line, AH60C and of normal liver produced a polypeptide of 37 kilo daltons in vitro, but at much higher levels in the AH60C than in the normal rat liver. Two dimensional electrophoresis of the translation product revealed that the pI of this protein was 7.1. Nucleotide sequence analysis of pAH34 showed that the insert of the clone consisted of 462bp and contained the 3' portion of mRNA, including poly(A) stretch with AATAAA signal sequence centered 16 nucleotides upstream, a short untranslated region and an open reading frame corresponding to possibly 67 amino acids of the C-terminal portion.

Animals↗

PubMed1985

Strand specific transcription of satellite DNA I in rat ascites hepatoma cells.

Rat satellite DNA I was highly expressed in a rat ascites hepatoma cell line, AH60C. The transcripts were found predominantly in the non-polyadenylated fraction of the nuclear RNA. RNA dot blot assay using strand specific probes revealed a strand-selective transcription of the sequence. The structures of cDNA clones isolated on the basis of their cross-hybridization to satellite DNA I were mainly composed of a tandemly repeated array of this sequence.

Animals↗

PubMed1985

Comparison of ADP-ribosylation of chromosomal proteins between intact and broken cells.

ADP-ribosylation of nonhistone high mobility group (HMG) proteins and histone H1 in intact cells was markedly different from that in the broken cell systems using isolated nuclei and chromatin. (i) The amounts of (ADP-ribose)n on these proteins in intact cells were less 10(-2) - 10(-3) of those in the broken cell systems. (ii) The modified protein molecules in intact cells were about 2 orders of magnitude less extent than those in the broken cells. (iii) The (ADP-ribose)n chains synthesized in intact cells, nuclei and chromatin were mainly mono, oligo and poly, respectively. (iv) The principal acceptor molecules in intact cells were concentrated in HMG 1, 2, 14 and 17, and histone H1, whereas the four HMG proteins were minor acceptors in nuclei, and HMG 1 and 2 and histone H1 were major acceptors in chromatin.

Adenosine Diphosphate Ribose↗

PubMed1985

Cloning of sequences induced and suppressed by administration of PSK, antitumor protein-bound polysaccharide.

To elucidate the effects of PSK, a protein-bound polysaccharide from Coriolus versicolor, on gene expression in tumor cells, we prepared cDNA clone libraries from PSK-treated and untreated cells of a rat ascites hepatoma line, AH66, which was previously shown to be susceptible to the antitumor action of this compound. Two PSK-induced and one suppressed cDNA clones were selected from these libraries by using a differential colony hybridization and RNA blot hybridization. PSK was thus shown to have a direct effect on the transcription and consequently on the translation of tumor cells.

Animals↗

PubMed1985

Vitamin A and tumor immunity.

Intraperitoneal administration of vitamin A into the BALB/c mice inoculated with a syngeneic fibrosarcoma, Meth A, caused a remarkable augmentation of tumor rejection. A cell-depletion technique revealed that the primary effector cells responsible for the augmented rejection were Thy-1 positive, Lyt-1 negative, Lyt-2 positive lymphocytes, suggesting the involvement of cytotoxic lymphocytes.

Animals↗

PubMed1985

Unusual pigmentation on the skin over trunk bones and extremities.

6 young people (19-31 years old) exhibited unusual light or dark brown, ill-circumscribed or reticular pigmentation distributed over protrudent bones. 5 of them have been using nylon towels and scrub brushes for over 3-10 years. Biopsy specimens showed that the amount of melanin granules in the basal layer was increased and melanophages were scattered in the upper dermis. Inflammatory infiltrates were minimal.

Adult↗

PubMed1985

A case of squamous cell carcinoma treated by intralesional injection of oil bleomycin.

The case of a 70-year-old man with squamous cell carcinoma on the glabella which markedly responded to intralesional injections of oil bleomycin (to a total dose of 115 mg) is reported. Adverse reactions to oil bleomycin comprised fever of 37-38 degrees C immediately after injection, local redness, and swelling and induration of 1-2 months' duration in the marginal area of the injection site. Biopsy of the induration revealed oleogranuloma. The advantages of oil bleomycin are that this dosage form of bleomycin is not accompanied by severe systemic toxicities such as pulmonary fibrosis and that the effective dose is smaller than that of aqueous bleomycin.

Aged↗

PubMed1985