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Biomedical subjects

H Eckert

Publications and source records attributed to H Eckert.

At least 145 records · Page 8Linked to original sources
PubMed1977

[Enzyme cytochemical investigations on pleural effusions (author's transl)].

A total of 130 smears from 77 patients with various diseises (42 patients with tumors, 35 patients with specific and non-specific lung diseases) were investigated with enzyme cytochemical methods with regard to the practical application of enzyme cytochemistry in pleural effusions. It is possible to demonstrate all investigated enzymes on normal air-dried or aceton-fixed smears without any technical problems. Between tumor and mesothelial cells a different reaction on some enzymes (alkaline phosphatase, non-specific esterase, aminopeptidase, beta-glucuronidase) could be found valuable for diagnostic purpose. For application in praxi alkaline phosphatase seems to be most important. 70% of all pleural effusions of tumorous origin contain alkaline phosphatase positive tumor cells.

Acid Phosphatase↗
PubMed1977

[Morphological studies of experimental lung transplantation. I. Light microscopic and histochemical findings in autotransplants of dog lungs].

Morphological investigations (light microscopy, semithin sections, histochemistry) on autografted lungs showed two changes with mifferent regional distributions. In the upper lobes were found focal areas of slight fibrosis, in the upper and lower lobes degenerative changes especially of the small bronchi and bronchioles with a focal loss of activity of alkaline phosphatase, nonspecific esterase and some dehydrogenase. Possible reasons for these morphological changes are discussed in connection with functional and biochemical results.

Acid Phosphatase↗
PubMed1977

[Histological findings after application of Kveim antigen in animals (author's transl)].

The frequence of local granulomatous changes after injection of kveim antigen and previous sensibilisation (Freund's adjuvant, BCG-vaccine, atypical mycobacteria, implantation of sarcoidotic lymph nodes, human-gamma-globulin of sarcoidotic patients) was investigated in 69 mice and 38 guinea pigs. Granulomata with epitheloid and giant cells, resembling a "positive Kveim reaction" were found in 26% of the mice and 18% of the guinea pigs. Doubtful positive results were observed in 7% of the mice and 5% of the guinea pigs. A high percentage of non-specific foreign body reactions was observed in guinea pigs (82%), relatively scarcely in mice (16%). The most effective method for sensibilisation of the animals is the administration of Mycobacterium avium to guinea pigs or of Kveim antigen with complete Freund's adjuvant and the intraabdominal implantation of sarcoidotic lymph node material to mice.

Adjuvants, Immunologic↗
PubMed1977

The value of modern morphological methods (histochemistry, immunopathology) in sarcoidosis.

Correlative studies concerning the value of modern of morphological methods in correlation to the clinical picture were undertaken in patients with sarcoidosis. The investigations comprised immunopathological and histochemical studies of mediastinal lymph nodes, normal lymph nodes and lymphnodes by inflammatory lung diseases. The metabolic state of the granulomas in sarcoidosis is expressed by enzymehistochemical investigations and shows a strong activity of enzymes of the pentose cycle, cancer cycle, anaerobic glycolysis, respiratory chain and of hydrolytic enzymes. Of special interest is the activity of aminopeptidase in the granulomas, found only positive in progressive stage of the disease. With the aid of some hydrolases (acid phosphatase, nonspecific esterase) information is given about phagocytotic activity in granulomas. Antibody formation (anti-human-IgG, -IgA and -IgM) is visible in fresh cases around granulomas in the cytoplasms of large lymphoid cells, in some cases also in the walls of vessels. With longer duration of the disease immunoglobulins were found extracellulary first in little focal areas and later as a dense homogen material around the granulomas. In long existing cases only a weak or negative fluorescence was observed in this material, expressed by light microscopy as hyaline transformation. The value of this methods is given in additional information concerning the metabolic activity (especially phagozytosis) and immunological state (antibody formation) of the disease as an important factor for a well-timed and effective therapy.

Alkaline Phosphatase↗
PubMed1977

[Report on the application of various Kveim antigens in diagnostic of sarcoidosis (author's transl)].

In the Institute for Pulmonary Diseases and Tuberculosis, Novi Sad, a total number of 1500 patients was tested with a Kveim antigen prepared in this institute. Simultaneously these patients were tested with other antigens (SILTZBACH, BEHREND, DOUGLAS). Almost identical results could be found. In patients with sarcoidosis the Kveim test was positive in 60 to over 90%, depending on the stage of the disease. Within a cooperation 230 patients of the Research Institute for Pulmonary Diseases and Tuberculosis, Berlin-Buch, were tested with several Kveim antigens since 1972. 2/3 of these patients were suffering from sarcoidosis. All patients received Kveim antigen prepared in Novi Sad; one part of them was also tested with Kveim antigens prepared in Berlin-Buch. Dependent on the quality of the material processed the percentage of positive results was different. They varied from 65 to 30%. If there were less granulomas in the original material, as for the tissue of a spleen, used in Berlin-Buch, only 30% of sarcoidosis patients showed positive results. Therefore it is profitable to analyse the difficulties and the possibilities of improving the Kveim test as a valuable and rather simple diagnostical method.

Amyloidosis↗
PubMed1976

Investigations on the influence of different corticosteroids on the development of galactose cataracts in rats.

The influence of daily subcutaneous injections of 5 different corticosteroids (15 mg/kg body weight) on the development of galactose opacities in young rats of approximately 60g body weight was investigated. Progress of cataracts was evaluated by planimetry of lens photos. The three glucocorticosteroids used (cortisol, prednisolone, fluocortolone) induced a slight acceleration of cataract development, while a mineralocorticoid (desoxy-corticosterone) caused a marked retardation. A temporary retardation was also observed with fluocortinbutyl, a rapidly metabolized steroid for topical use.

Adrenal Cortex Hormones↗
PubMed1976

Morphological and enzyme-histochemical changes of the mouse thymus after hydrocortisone.

This study was designed to determine the effect of hydrocortisone on morphology and enzyme-histochemistry of the thymus, on the peripheral blood cell picture, and on skin graft survival time in mice. In addition to the prolongation of survival of skin grafts, to a dose-dependent lymphopenia, and to an increase in the number of circulating neutrophil granulocytes, we found morphologically enlarged epithelial reticular cells with large cytoplasmic vacuoles, which often formed cyst-like structures. Because of their broad enzyme activity it may well be that these epithelial cell derived cysts regulate by means of humoral factor(s) the repopulation of the thymic cortex. In addition semithin sections clearly showed that the polymorphonuclear-like cells in the thymic cortex are altered lymphocytes with fragmented nuclei.

Acid Phosphatase↗
PubMed1976

[Functional analysis in experimental respiratory distress syndrome (author's transl)].

After injection of an anti-lung -serum a respiratory distress syndrome could be produced in spontaneously-breathing guinea pigs. Reduced compliance, increased resistance and work of breathing was found. Morphological investigations showed intraalveolar and interstitial bleedings and a lung edema. Biochemically a decreased total phospholipid content could be found. Surface tension characteristics, examined with the Langmuir balance, were deteriorated. A complete restitution of surface tension parameters and total phospholipid content was obtained by administration of bromhexin metabolit Na 872.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

[Histochemistry of the pulmonary alveolar proteinosis. A contribution to the formal pathogenesis (author's transl)].

By means of histochemical methods the authors investigated 3 cases of the diffuse and 2 cases of the focal form of pulmonary alveolar proteinosis (2 women and 3 men, aged from 25 to 58 years). In the main the results of other investigators concerning distribution and occurrence of proteins and lipids are confirmed. In contrast to the results of other investigators, the authors detected acid mucopolysaccharides also in the granules of the intraal veolar substance. Presumable the injuring substance causes proliferation, desquamation, and breakdown of the alveolar cells. In this way both the granules and clots are formed, the latter ones are decomposed in steps of granules. Obviously parts of the blood are mixed with the granular part of the intraalveolar substance.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

[Morphological and bacteriological investigations of pulmonary apical scars (author's transl)].

207 apical lung pieces of 128 autopsies with macroscopical visible changes of so called pulmonary apical caps were investigated with histologic and bacteriologic methods. Histologically, 19% of all cases showed tuberculous changes, 43% suspicious tuberculous changes and 38% no tuberculous changes. Mycobacteria were found only in one case by bacteriological methods. The morphological results were correlated with the findings of mass chest x-ray (so-called VRRU). It became evident, that half of all chest x-rays was normal, only one third showed pathological changes and the other third was not registered by the dispensary.

Aged↗
PubMed1976

[Diagnosis of disseminated and localized lung diseases by means of transbronchial lung biopsy (author's transl)].

In 61 patients with mostly diffuse lung diseases 64 transbronchial lung biopsies have been performed by means of rigid biopsy forceps in general anesthesia. 31 of the 36 pathological bioply specimens were diagnostically helpful or represented the clinical diagnosis. Complications were moderate bleeding in three cases and pneumothorax (3 cases). One patient died after myocardial reinfarction occuring under general anesthesia. Transbronchial lung biopsy is indicated when routine methods fail to establish the diagnosis of pulmonary lesions, particularly in patients having higher operative risks. More use of the transbronchial forceps biopsy is expected to improve the diagnostic yield, especially in patients with miliary pulmonary lesions.

Biopsy↗
PubMed1976

[The evaluation of the Kveim test in sarcoidosis diagnostics for out-patients (author's transl)].

In a total number of 113 cases the Kveim test was performed. The antigen used was produced in the institute for pulmonary diseases and tuberculosis, Novi Sad, Yugoslavia. Patients with sarcoidosis had positive results in 65.8%, including 19.5% doubtful positive cases. In a special group of patients with sarcoidosis, who received corticosteroids at the same time, only 25.7% showed positive results. In a control group of 24 cases no positive result was observed. The Kveim test is an useful method for diagnostic purpose in out-patients. Further investigations for improvement of this method will be necessary.

Adrenal Cortex Hormones↗