[Immunohistochemical findings in intrathoracic tumors. I. Comparison of serum and tumor alkaline phosphatase in various types of bronchial carcinoma].
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Adenocarcinoma↗
Biomedical subjects
H Eckert
Publications and source records attributed to H Eckert.
[Sarcoidosis in children in East Germany compared to its frequency in the Yugoslavian Socialist Republic].
Sarcoidosis in children is very rare. Especially asymptomatic cases are scarcely known. Sometimes extrapulmonary cases are found. These need a therapy with cortisone derivates. The danger of a false diagnosis is very high if it is based only on a X-ray film. A histological examination seems important. The cooperation between pediatrician and pneumologist is considered as important especially when the grown up patients pass on from pediatric care to the supervision of the pneumologist.
Adolescent↗
[Localised aspergillosis of the lung caused by Aspergillus niger].
A 51-year old man with a history of pulmonary tuberculosis suffered an exacerbation without demonstration of tubercle bacilli. The mycological examination of sputum specimens discovered an infection with Aspergillus niger. Diagnosis was confirmed by the pure culture of this fungus in bronchial mucus and the cultural and histological identification in surgical material. As a histological feature strong double-refractile crystalline material was found in fungi and surrounding lung tissue (wall of cavern), probably oxalate crystals, developed from oxalic acid, produced by Aspergillus niger.
Aspergillosis, Allergic Bronchopulmonary↗
[Results of studies on dogs after unilateral allogeneic lung transplantation without immunosuppression].
The observations and the results after allogenic lung transplantation in 24 receivers were reported. The animals were not treated immuno-suppressively. They survived 6.2 days on an average and died in consequence of the rejection. The transplant is progressively threatened of bacterial infections after the beginning of the rejection even in case of an operation under sterile conditions. The investigations confirmed a narrow correlation between the leucocyte count and the course of the rejection. However, the condition of the transplant can be estimated approximately certainly by means of complex clinical methods of examination.
Animals↗
[Methodical modifications to optimize granulomatous lung changes in animal experiment (author's transl)].
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Animals↗
[Practical application of histochemical methods in lung diseases].
A short review of different applications of enzyme-histochemistry and enzyme-cytochemistry in the field of lung pathology is given. As shown in own experiments, the phosphomolybdic-acid-stannous-chloride reaction (Landing et al. 1952) appears as a successful method for rapid demonstration of phospholipids in histological and cytological material. Application of histochemistry (reaction of acid phosphatase) in diagnostic of sarcoidosis (Kveim-test) gives in comparison with the traditional technique following advantages: 1. results are obtained more rapidly and with minor technical expense, 2. for pathologists, it is easier to differentiate between specific and non-specific reactions. With cytochemical methods (reaction of alkaline phosphatase) is is relatively easy to detect tumour cells in pleural fluids and ascites. This test (Eckert 1978, 1979) is neither cancer-specific nor does it cover all tumours cases. But its high positivity and its easy readability enable the technique to be used as a search method for tumour cells.
Alkaline Phosphatase↗
[Pathogenesis of so-called exogenous lipid pneumonia].
A modern concept of so-called exogenous lipid pneumonia, basing on experimental findings is given. The time course shows 3 different stages of disease with different morphological pictures. In the early stage a toxic disturbation of capillary endothelium is seen with secondary exsudation of blood plasma in alveoli. In the intermedium stage activation of alveolar and interstitial macrophages exists. The inhaled mineral oil is phagocytozed and degradated by alveolar macrophages, but interstitial macrophages are only capable for phagocytosis but not for degradation. This leads to a granulomatous and fibrous interstitial reaction, typical for the late stage of the disease.
Animals↗
[Correlative studies comparing the value of transthoracic needle biopsy and open lung biopsy in disseminated lung diseases].
To compare the values of transthoracic needle biopsy and open lung biopsy on 130 patients with disseminated lung diseases transthoracic needle biopsies were carried out immediately before open lung biopsies (including the punction area). A conclusive diagnosis was obtained in 98% by open lung biopsy but only in 42% by transthoracic needle biopsy. In cases of pulmonary fibrosis and sarcoidosis needle biopsies gave a positive result in 50% whereas in other diseases like tuberculosis and silicosis in not more than one third a correct diagnosis has been achieved. The results of the direct comparisons demonstrate the superiority of open lung biopsy in diagnostics of disseminated lung alterations.
Biopsy↗
[Morphological changes of guinea pig lungs after aerosol application of lipiodol ultrafluid (author's transl)].
The morphological lung changes of guinea pigs, exposed about 10 days to an aerosol of lipiodol ultrafluid were investigated with light microscopy and enzyme histochemistry 3, 10, 18, 25, 32, 38 and 46 days later. There was a prominent diffuse ore focal thickening of alveolar septa by accumulations of macrophages. Important are changes on the vascular endothelium of muscular pulmonary arteries with swollen and vacuolised endothelial cells. Around pulmonary veins accumulations of lymphocytes were detected. With histochemistry slight increase of phospholipids in alveolar epithelial cells was observed predominantly in the first three days after aerosol application. The intensity of the morphological changes showed a time dependent biphasic cycle with peaks of maximum at the 10th and 38th day after applicationof aerosol.
Aerosols↗
[Primary malignant chemodectoma of lung (author's transl)].
Intrathoracic chemodectomas are usually localized in the mediastinum. Primary solitary chemodectomas of the lung are very sparse. All cases of primary lung chemodectomas are described as non malignant tumors in literature. The morphological (light microscopy, enzyme histochemistry and enzyme cytochemistry) changes of a malignant chemodectoma of lung with metastases in regionar lymph nodes are reported in detail.
Enzymes↗
[Demonstration of cytoplasmatic immunoglobulins in pleural fluids (author's transl)].
Immunopathological investigations for demonstration of intracytoplasmatic immunoglobulins (zIg) were carried out in 100 pleural fluids of different aetiology. In 1/3 of all fluids gamma-globulin and IgG were found in plasma cells and lymphoblasts (immunocytes). Most often zIg were seen in postpneumonic and tumorous effusions, very sparse in tuberculosis. Among different organ tumors bronchial carcinomas exhibit a high percentage of positive findings.
B-Lymphocytes↗
[Morphologic studies on in experimental lung transplantations. II. Light microscopic and histochemical findings in the transplanted homologous dog lung].
Morphologic Studies (light-microscopy, enzyme histochemistry, semi thin-layer preparation) on homografted canine lungs with and without immuno-suppressive therapy (Azathioprin, resp. anti-thymocyte serum) reveal different findings from untreated control animals and those after immuno-suppressive treatment. Under Azathioprin as well as anti-thymocyte serum the signs of rejection are attenuated, and regular pulmonary tissue is maintained in larger areas. Damages of certain cellular elements are better ascertained by means of determination of specific enzymes activities than by help of light-microscopic methods.
Animals↗
[Ultrastructural and autoradiographical investigations of early changes in experimental lung fibrosis (author's transl)].
Electron microscopical, autoradiographical and histochemical investigations were carried out in experimental lipid pneumonia, 6 weeks after exposure to mineral oil. In the lungs developed granulomatous changes with fibroblasts, some macrophages and leucocytes. With the aid of electron microscopy an increased number of fibroblasts with predominantly extracellular localized collagen fibers were visible in the granulomatous foci. Autoradiograms with 3H-Thymidine show an six-fold increase of number of radioactive labelled nuclei of fibroblasts in the granulomatous areas. This two methods--electron microscopy and autoradiography--appear sufficient for early detection of changes in experimental lung fibrosis.
Aerosols↗
[Morphological investigations of bronchial biopsy material in chronic bronchitis and asthma bronchiale (author's transl)].
Morphological investigations (light microscopy, enzyme histochemistry, immunopathology) were carried out in cases with asthma bronchiale and chronic bronchitis. According to the histological picture no additional parameters were found with enzyme histochemical and immunopathological methods to specify the diagnosis asthma bronchiale and chronic bronchitis. The most important diagnostic factors in chronic bronchitis are hyperplasy of mucous bronchial glands and atrophy of serous bronchial glands with a loss of activity of acid phosphatase. Diffuse thickenings of basal membrane were more often in asthma bronchiale, localized thickenings more often in chronic bronchitis. Hypertrophy of goblet cells, infiltrations with round cells and metaplasia are found both in asthma bronchiale and chronic bronchitis in different degree. Correlations exist between the activity of leucine aminopeptidase in the stroma of the bronchus and degree of cellular infiltration with lymphocytes and plasma cells.
Asthma↗
[Experimental findings after application of Kveim antigen. II. Sensibilization of mice and guinea pigs by Mycobacterium avium (serotype I) (author's transl)].
Mice and guinea pigs were sensibilisized by intraperitoneal injection of Mycobacterium avium (serotype I). Three and five weeks later (guinea pigs) and four weeks later (mice) the animals received kveim antigen into the footpads (guinea pigs) and into the perianal fat tissue (mice). Three and five weeks later (guinea pigs) and four weeks later (mice) the exstirpated material was investigated by light microscopy and enzyme histochemistry. Guinea pigs showed three and five weeks after injection of kveim antigen a lot of questionable positive and positive kveim tests and mice a high percentage of granulomatous changes, resembling a positive kveim reaction. With histochemical methods leucinaminopeptidase is a valuable diagnostic aid for detection of granulomatous changes in mice but not so good in guinea pigs.
Acid Phosphatase↗
[Mucoepidermoid tumors of bronchi (author's transl)].
A report is given on the histological picture of two cases of bronchial mucoepidermoid tumors. The tumor is composed of two kinds of cells: formations with cylindric epithelial cells and solid parts with epidermoid cells. By the hand of two own cases and informations from literature opinion is expressed on frequency, sex and age distribution, duraction of symptoms and behaviour of this rare tumor.
Adult↗
[Experiences with an enzyme cytochemical test for tumor cells in pleural fluid and ascites (author's transl)].
Experiences with a prescreening test for tumor cells in cytological material (pleural effusions, ascites) are reported. With the aid of alkaline phosphatase positive reacting tumor cells in smears (pleural fluid, ascites) are easily detectable. This test gives a positive result in 65% of patients with different organ tumors whereas with routine cytology tumor cells were found in 72% of this patients. Among different organ tumors highest percentage of positive phosphatase tests are found by bronchial, gastric and ovarial carcinomas (3/4 of cases), to a less degree bycarcinoma of the breast and others (1/2 of cases). All together phosphatase test is positive in 90% of all effusions, containing cytologically diagnosed tumor cells. The adventages, disadventages and the usefullness of this method as a prescreening test are discussed.
Alkaline Phosphatase↗
[Morphological aspects of the differential diagnosis of granulomatous lung diseases].
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Diagnosis, Differential↗