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H Eckert

Publications and source records attributed to H Eckert.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

[Value of bronchoalveolar lavage in the diagnosis and follow-up of lung diseases].

In a group of 100 patients with different lung diseases the diagnostic value of BAL was estimated comparing with conventional broncho-bioptical methods. Final diagnosis was obtained by BAL only in 3% of all cases in contrast to conventional broncho-bioptical methods with 49% positive findings. In a further group of 77 patients with acute and chronic forms of sarcoidosis in stage I and II a significant difference in BAL-lymphocytosis between acute and chronic forms was observed. Our findings demonstrate the limited value of BAL for diagnostic purpose but its valuability in estimation of the activity and the course of different lung diseases especially of granulomatous and fibrotic origin.

Adenocarcinoma, Bronchiolo-Alveolar↗
PubMed1986

[Morphofunctional status of the lungs in extrinsic allergic alveolitis].

Morphological changes in the lungs of 57 patients suffering from exogenous allergic alveolitis (EAA) are described, the majority of patients had a contact with birds. Interstitial edema, microcirculation disturbances and abundant lymphoid infiltration were observed at an acute initial stage of the disease in 5 patients. Sarcoid-like granulomas in the lung interstitium and bronchiolar wall were found at a subacute stage of the disease in 10 patients along with edema, microcirculatory disturbances and lymphoid infiltration. Predomination of fibrosis with a deformation of all lung structures were observed in 42 patients with a chronic course of the disease.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

[Lung damage caused by paraquat. 1. Histologic, histochemical and pathophysiologic findings in rat lungs following acute paraquat poisoning].

A single dose of 0.05 mMol paraquat per kg body weight produced severe lesions in alveolar epithelial cells of type II and the capillary endothelial cells of rat lungs. The maximum damage pattern was seen after 48 hrs. Our results are in contrast to the general opinion in the literature, that paraquat leads to selective lesion of alveolar epithelial cells of type II in the lungs. The detection of the damage of the lung cells by semiquantitative histochemical investigations and the PO2 measurement as indicator of respiratory insufficiency were parallel in the time course. The right ventricular systolic pressure showed normal values.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Treatment of bladder carcinoma with tumor-immune pig lymph node cells. Phase I study.

A total of 77 patients with invasive TCC of the urinary bladder each received a single arterial injection of tumor-immune pig lymph node cells (LNC), into the tumor blood supply. The patients were divided into 4 groups: those receiving pig LNC as the only treatment (16 patients); those who received pig LNC on relapse (judged by EUA cystoscopy and biopsy) following radical radiotherapy, 5,500 cGy (34 patients); those who received pig LNC followed after an interval of six weeks by radiotherapy, 4,000 cGy (10 patients); as in Group 3 but with the dose of radiotherapy increased to 5,500 cGy (17 patients). Complete remission was characterized by complete disappearance of the tumor (for a varying time) following treatment. Partial remission was defined as: a reduction in the level of symptoms and a decrease in tumor size on EUA and/or cystoscopy. There were 1 complete and 3 partial remissions among the patients in Group 1, 5 complete and 7 partial in Group 2, 6 complete and 2 partial in Group 3, and 8 complete and 1 partial in Group 4. Of the 20 patients showing complete remission, 7 lived for more than five years after treatment.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

[Modulation of alveolar macrophage activity by ambroxol, bromhexine and exogenous arachidonic acid].

The increased generation of reactive oxygen metabolites (ROM) (O2-, H2O2, 1O2, X OH, OX-) by alveolar macrophages (AM) and neutrophils has been proposed as an important step in the pathogenesis of many acute and chronic lung disorders. With regard to a possible therapeutic application in this context the effect of bromhexine and ambroxol on the activity of AM of of guinea-pigs and of patients with lung diseases was investigated. The activity of AM, which were isolated by bronchoalveolar lavage, was determined by means of chemiluminescence (CL)-measuring. Ambroxol and bromhexine cause a depression of the spontaneous as well as of the induced CL [yeast cell walls, yeast glucan, exogenous arachidonic acid (AA)] of AM. AM from guinea-pigs and in some cases also from patients show primarily an increase of the CL-signal under the influence of bromhexine. These results suggest that ambroxol and bromhexine reduce the production of ROM by AM. The mechanism is possibly due to the activation of acyl-CoA-lysophosphatide acyltransferase. The increase of this enzyme activity lowers the intracellular concentration of the free AA, whereby the generation of ROM is diminished too. The investigations exhibit a new possibility of influence of respiratory burst and thus indirectly of AA-liberation from phospholipids. The probable reduction of AA-liberation by these drugs could also be of importance for other lung cells especially concerning the biosynthesis of eicosanoids (AA-metabolites), which play an important part as pathogenetic mediators in different lung diseases.

Ambroxol↗
PubMed1985

[Immunopathologic studies in chronic bronchitis].

Immunopathological investigations (demonstration of IgG, IgM, IgE, SIgA and C3) of bronchial mucosa in 32 cases of chronic bronchitis showed in 1/5 of all cases deposits of immunoglobulins of the IgG, M and E class in the basal membrane. The complement factor C3 was found in 1/10 of all cases. SIgA was seen in only 55%. There is a close correlation between the loss of SIgA and deposits of immunoglobulins (IgG, IgM, IgE) in the basal membrane.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

[Immunohistochemical findings in intrathoracic tumors. VI. N-acetyl-beta-glucosaminidase].

N-Acetyl-beta-Glucosaminidase (NAG) activity was investigated in 50 intrathoracic tumors with a histochemical method. Altogether, 22 of 50 (= 44%) different tumors showed enzyme activity in tumor tissue. The distribution of positive findings in bronchial carcinomas showed a marked difference between epidermoid carcinomas and adenoid carcinomas. Twelve of 14 adenocarcinomas and 3 of 3 alveolar cell carcinomas contained activities of NAG in tumor tissue, whereas 16 of 17 epidermoid carcinomas and 4 of 4 large cell carcinomas showed negative findings. The fact that also non-differentiated solid adenocarcinomas, often in histological picture not to differentiate from large cell carcinomas or non-differentiated epidermoid carcinomas, exhibit NAG seems to be an useful aid in differential diagnosis between these tumor types.

Acetylglucosaminidase↗
PubMed1984

[Comparison of a 2-phase preparation (Oviol 22) with a low-dose 1-phase preparation (Ovoresta M)].

Oviol 22 was administered to 145, and Ovoresta M to 118 healthy female volunteers. During the first six cycles, 27 (18.6%) women discontinued the Oviol 22 intake, and 45 (38,1%) women discontinued the Ovoresta M intake. The other women were observed over 6 cycles. Together, 1,369 cycles were evaluated. Overall, the clinical results with Oviol 22 were more favourable than those with Ovoresta M. The discontinuation rate because of nausea, headache, acne and breast tenderness was lower in the group of women who received Oviol 22 than in the group of women receiving Ovoresta M. Cycle control was much better with Oviol 22 than with Ovoresta M. Following the administration of both preparations, no significant alteration in blood pressure, weight or mental status was seen. None of the patients became pregnant during the period of observation.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

[Immunohistochemical findings in intrathoracic tumors. V. Isoenzymes of nonspecific esterases in lung tissue and bronchial cancers].

With histopolyacrylamide electrophoresis (HPAGE) no marked differences in isozyme pattern of non-specific esterase between lung tissue and bronchial carcinomas were found. Only 3 of 19 bronchial carcinomas with histochemically detectable activity of non-specific esterase in tumor tissue showed an additional isozyme with fast mobility. Acetone acts in histochemical reactions as an activator or inhibitor of activity of non-specific esterase. Macrophages, epitheloid cells, and giant cells are inhibited by acetone. In contrast, bronchial epithelial cells are activated by acetone. Bronchial carcinomas showed a different behaviour. Non-specific esterase activity is activated in epidermoid carcinomas but not in adenocarcinomas. This shows close connections to the development of epidermoid carcinomas from bronchial epithelium. Additionally in non-fixed cryostat sections of bronchial epithelium with the aid of non-specific esterase groups of strong reacting cells were demonstrated, which are probably Kultschitzky cells. Acetone inhibits completely activity of esterase in these cells.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1984

[Immunohistochemical findings in intrathoracic tumors. IV. gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase--a new tumor marker?].

Activity of gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase (gamma-GT) was investigated in 78 intrathoracic tumors. 43 of them (= 55%) showed different activities of gamma-GT in tumor tissue. Among bronchial carcinomas activity was found in 64% of all cases. The highest frequency on positive findings showed adenocarcinomas (= 83%). Activity was also observed in some non-tumorous diseases, such as sarcoidosis and lymphogranulomatosis. In this way gamma-GT does not act as a marker for tumor tissue.

Carcinoma, Bronchogenic↗
PubMed1984

[Detection of T lymphocytes with acid alpha-naphthyl acetate esterase. Specificity and use in pleural effusions].

A modified technique for demonstration of acid alpha-naphthylacetate esterase was examined with regard to specificity and application on human T-lymphocytes in peripheral blood and pleural fluids of different genesis. T-lymphocytes of healthy donors showed only in 60% positive findings of acid alpha-naphthylacetate esterase. Positive reactions appear as dot-like reaction products in cytoplasm of lymphocytes. The application of this method on pleural fluids is possible, without technical problems. We found differences in the percentage of positive-reacting lymphocytes in pleural fluids between tuberculosis (= 78% T-cell esterase positive lymphocytes) and tumors (= 65% T-cell esterase positive lymphocytes). Mesotheliomas exhibit very low positive findings (= 32% T-cell esterase positive lymphocytes) in contrast to carcinomas. In this way, acid alpha-naphthylacetate esterase may be helpful in some cases as a diagnostic aid.

Humans↗
PubMed1984

[Morphologic findings on the formal genesis of pulmonary alveolar proteinosis].

Cytological, cytochemical and immunopathological investigations were carried out at lung washings in a case of pulmonary alveolar proteinosis. There was an increased activity of alveolar epithelial cells of type II (AEZ II) with increased production of surfactant lipids. Abundant lipids of the surfactant system are also visible in the extracellular material rich in protein and lipids. Alveolar macrophages showed increased enzymatic activity with high levels of acid phosphatase and nonspecific esterase, but no phagocytosis of surfactant lipids. Immunopathological investigations exhibit a high content of IgG, IgM and IgA in the exudate. These findings demonstrate, that exudation of blood serum in alveoli and overproduction of surfactant material are two important processes in the formal genesis of alveolar proteinosis, dependent on each other.

Acid Phosphatase↗
PubMed1984

[Immunohistochemical findings in intrathoracic tumors. III. Detection of carcinoembryonic antigen in tumor tissue].

35 intrathoracic tumors were investigated for the presence of carcinoembryonic antigen. Additionally, activity of alkaline phosphatase and nonspecific esterase was determined in correlation to the presence of carcinoembryonic antigen. Carcinoembryonic antigen was detected in 60% of all tumors and in 64% of bronchial carcinomas. Most positive findings were observed in adenocarcinomas and epidermoid carcinomas. Mesenchymal tumors (neurinoma, neurosarcoma, neurofibroma, thymoma) showed negative findings. Correlations between the presence of carcinoembryonic antigen and nonspecific esterase respectively alkaline phosphatase were not observed.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1984

[Lymphocyte populations in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid in various interstitial lung diseases].

Differential cell counts, T-, Tactive-, Tstable-, and B-lymphocytes were studied in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid and in peripheral blood from patients with thoracic sarcoidosis (S), extrinsic allergic alveolitis (EAA) and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). In patients with S and EAA the total number of lymphocytes, the percentage of T-, Tactive-, and Tstable-lymphocytes were increased in BAL-fluid, especially in cases of active S and of acute EAA. Contrary to the BAL-fluid the peripheral blood values for T-lymphocytes were decreased in S and in the range of the control group (healthy volunteers) in EAA. The BAL-fluid of patients with IPF is characterized by a high number of polymorphonuclear cells, especially neutrophils. Current concepts of pathogenesis of interstitial lung diseases are discussed and the possible key role of alveolitis in this process is elucidated.

Alveolitis, Extrinsic Allergic↗