Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

H Bouissou

Publications and source records attributed to H Bouissou.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

Lathyrism: aortic and cutaneous collagen in the rat.

In the rat the administration of lathyrogenic toxic agents at low doses over prolonged periods of time caused simultaneous alterations in aortic and cutaneous tissues. BAPN caused an increase in soluble collagen in the skin, but in aorta there was no increase in neutral salt soluble collagen, but an increase in the amount that could be solubilized with pepsin. Type III collagen was found to represent 7% in the control aorta samples and this level was not affected by BAPN. In skin Type III accounts for 11% of the extractable collagen in controls and 14% in lathyritic animals. Biochemical changes observed in this study show evidence for collagenous lesions by increases in solubility in both skin and aorta but in neither tissue was the percentage of Type III altered by lathyrism.

Aminopropionitrile↗
PubMed1982

[Cutaneous cholesterol in the young and aged coronary patient].

Serum cholesterol (ch), its lipoprotein fractions and triglycerides were measured in three populations of proven coronary patients (less than 50 years, n = 56; between 50 and 65 years, n = 56; greater than 65 years, n = 23); the risk factor total ch/HDL ch was calculated. The level of skin cholesterol was also estimated by skin biopsy in each patient and compared to that of three control populations of the same age. The results indicated that 1) there was no significant difference in skin cholesterol of patients with myocardial infarction whatever their age, 2) there was a significant difference (p less than 0,001) with control subjects of the same age except in the over 65 population, 3) the total cholesterol was normal in all three groups, 4) the HDL cholesterol of coronary patients over 50 year old was normal and slightly reduced in younger coronary patients, 5) the ratio total ch/HDL ch was increased in coronary patients under 50, but normal after this age, 6) the triglyceride level was higher in the young coronary patients than in those over 50 years old. Four conclusions are drawn: 1) the total Ch/HDL ch ratio is a good indicator of coronary risk in patients under 50 years old but shows less sensitive variations than the level of skin cholesterol, 2) the ch/HDL ch in coronary patients between 50 and 65 years old is normal; the only laboratory finding which correlates with the coronary event is skin cholesterol; after 65 years of age the skin cholesterol stabilises to the same levels as found in control subjects; 3) from the outset, at whatever age infarction occurs, skin cholesterol is increased (about 0,45 mumol/100 ngr of fresh skin), whilst the risk factor is higher in the younger population; 4) skin cholesterol shows less variation in the three coronary groups than the other blood parameters measured. It would therefore appear to be a very discriminating index of coronary atherosclerosis.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

The effect of beta-aminoproprionitrile on the lingual artery and aorta of the rat: a light microscopic study.

The effects of chronic toxicity of beta-aminoproprionitrile (BAPN) on the lingual artery and aorta of the rat were compared. Thirty-two three week old weanling male white Wistar rats were given 1 g/kg/day (for five days weekly) of a 40% saturated solution of BAPN fumarate by intragastric tube. The animals were divided into four groups of eight animals each and sacrificed after one, three, six and nine weeks respectively. For each group, four controls were used. Cross-sections of the lingual artery and aorta stained with hematoxylin-erythrosin-safranin, alcian blue, Masson's trichrome and Verhoeff's iron hematoxylin were studied. BAPN had no effect on the lingual artery. Early changes were seen in the aorta at six weeks. Characteristic lesions were found at nine weeks involving the elastic tissue, myocytes and ground substance. The elastic lamellae were thinner, lost their normal orientation, and became swollen and finally fragmented. The myocytes of the media changed orientation and migrated into the intima. The proteoglycans increased and fibrosis supervened at the end stage. Failure to induce lesions in the lingual artery may be explained by early structural maturation and a low metabolic turnover rate in muscular arteries, decreased exposure to or greater protection from mechanical stress.

Aminopropionitrile↗
PubMed1982

[Lathyrism and collagens I and III (author's transl)].

The administration of lathyrogenetic agents (BAPN) at weak and prolonged doses (9 weeks, 1 g/kg/day) induced in the rat simultaneous alterations of aortic and cutaneous connective tissues comparable to the modifications observed during ageing in man. The lathyrogens produced this effect by inhibiting lysine-oxydase, the enzyme responsible for cross-linking collagen and elastin which leads to an increase in extractable collagen in the tissues. But BAPN did not appear to affect synthesis of collagen either in amount or in types I and III collagen ratio.

Aminopropionitrile↗
PubMed1982

Skin cholesterol and skin apoprotein B in atherosclerosis.

In order to quantify the accumulation of apoprotein B in skin we determined the amount of apo B in the skin of atherosclerotic patients using a modified Hoff's method with extraction and electroimmunoassay. Skin biopsies were taken from the lower limbs of nineteen male patients with arteriosclerosis obliterans during revascularization and from the thoracic region of thirty male patients with ischemic heart disease during coronary bypass graft surgery and thirty one male patients with abnormalities of cardiac valves during valvuloplasty. A significant positive correlation between skin apo B and skin cholesterol was found in three groups. Our data support the hypothesis that cholesterol deposit in the skin of patients with atherosclerosis is derived from plasma lipoprotein B and that the content of skin lipids parallels with the development of atherosclerosis in man.

Apolipoproteins↗
PubMed1981

Cutaneous cholesterol and plasma lipoproteins in elderly active and bedridden patients compared with young adults.

This report concerns two groups of elderly patients, one active and the other inactive with cardiovascular histories. Cutaneous and plasma cholesterol (Ch) and the lipoprotein fractions were analyzed in each group and compared with those of a young group. The cutaneous histological ageing type was studied in the three groups. No histological difference was seen to exist between the elderly populations (skin type II), the young group had normal type O skin. A significant difference was seen to exist between the levels of cutaneous Ch of the two elderly groups and that of the young group. Changes in the cutaneous Ch with respect to the ratio (total Ch/HDL Ch) were found to differ in the two elderly groups: the active elderly patients presented a positive correlation as did the young subjects but the inactive patients showed a negative correlation.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

[Human aorta: endothelium and atheroma (author's transl)].

An electron microscopic study of aortic endothelium obtained from necropsy and biopsy material shows pathological changes corresponding the severity of the atheromatous state, but unrelated to age. All stage I aortas show the same type of endothelial changes. So do stage II aortas. The pathological structural changes in the endothelial cells corresponding to aortas of stage I, II-III involve the microfilaments, vesicles, intercellular junctions and basement membrane. The microfilaments are more numerous and better defined in atheromatous aortas. Also rare bundles of microfilaments with electron-dense centers are seen. The intra-cytoplasmic vesicles increase presently deeper invaginations (pseudo-channels) in the stages II and III aortas. In these stages the intercellular junctions are open involving all or part of the junctions. All three described ultra-structural changes increase the permeability of the endothelium to lipids and plasma glycoproteins. The thickening of the sub-endothelial basement membrane résults from the increase of type IV collagen synthesized by the endothelial cells. Lysis of endothelial cells and platelet agregation are related to the stage of atheromatosis. The number of Weibel Palade bodies increase in stade II and III aortas. These organelles play a role in blood coagulation and accelerate atheromatosis. In conclusion, the aortic endothelium constitutes an active barrier. The pathological atheromatosis process involves the endothelium. The endothelial cells play a normal role in the passage of molecules from blood plasma into the aortic wall. That explains intimal formation and intimal fibrosis. The endothelium also participates in the initial pathogenic mechanism of atheroma formation (fatty dot and streak, gray gelatinous elevation and mural thrombus).

Aging↗
PubMed1980

Long term lathyrism and atherogenic diet in the rat. Protective action of pyridinol carbamate.

In the rat, prolonged administration (7 months) of Beta-Aminopropionitrile in association with a hyperlipidic diet caused the formation of widespread pronounced atheroma. The addition of Pyridinol Carbamate during the treatment minimized and retarded the appearance of lipid overload lesions. The histological modifications were found together with an increase in the free cholesterol fraction. These two observations explain the protective role of Pyridinol Carbamate on the wall of the aorta.

Aminopropionitrile↗
PubMed1980

Chronic lathyrism and atheromatosis in the rat. Protective effect of metformin.

Chronic administration of beta-aminopropionitrile fumarate (BAPN) (1 g/kg/day for 9 weeks) produced morphological changes of the aorta wall and in dermis, and biochemical changes of the aortic wall in the rat. Chronic administration of BAPN did not produce plasma lipid abnormalities such as those due to hyperlipidic diet. 9 weeks of BAPN followed by 10 months of a hyperlipidic diet increased the aortic cholesterol level and induced atheroma. The diet alone only produced an endothelial lipid overload and increased the aortic cholesterol level but less than BAPN and hyperlipidic diet together. Addition of metformin to BAPN prevented the formation of atheromatous lesions in the aorta and minimized the level of lipids in the aortic wall and of the dermis.

Aminopropionitrile↗
PubMed1980

Age dependent biochemical changes in dermal connective tissue. Relationship to histological and ultrastructural observations.

A biochemical study of skin biopsies of young normal subjects and two groups of aged subjects, one active and the other confined to bed, was made and the results compared with histological observations. Skin biopsies were incubated with 3H proline and 14C glucosamine and connective tissue components were sequentially extracted. In each extract the specific activity of total and collagenous protein was determined. With age a decrease was observed in both the amount of protein and the 3H proline incorporation of collagenous extracts. A parallel increase in 14C glucosamine incorporation was also noticed in extracts containing glycosaminoglycans and structural proteins. These results agree in part with the changes observed by light and electron microscopy, which revealed an increase in ground substance and fragmentation of collagen bundles in the dermis of older subjects.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Chronic lathyrism. Plasma, aorta and rat skin treated for five months with beta-aminopropionitrile with or without high fat diet.

Previous experiments proved that white Wistar rats, resistant to spontaneous or experimental atheroma, present arteriosclerosis (parietal aorta lesions) and atheroma lesions (fat deposits) after a 9 week-treatment by Beta-aminopropionitrile (BAPN) followed by a high fat diet. The present work shows that BAPN alone, administered for 5 months, does not induced atheroma; its formation needs both lipid humoral disorders and parietal aortic lesions. It confirms certain facts noted in the aging of man and in the formation of atheroma.

Aminopropionitrile↗
PubMed1980

[Effect of pyridinol carbamate on long-term lathyrism and experimental atheroma in the rat. Histological and biochemical study].

Three-week-old rats were fed with Beta-aminopropionitrile (BAPN) with a normal or hyperlipidic diet. After a few weeks BAPN induced aortic elastic fibres disruption which as not worsened when the treatment was continued up the seven months. Adding a hyperlipidic diet produced atherosclerotic-like lesions. Pretreatment with Pyridinol Carbamate (PDC) whichever the diet used did not modify serum of aortic cholesterol levels. It decreased the severity of aortic lesions and delayed the onset of less severe atheromatous lesions. It seems that PDC increased the free/esterified aortic cholesterol ratio resulting in a better elimination of the aortic cholesterol.

Aminopropionitrile↗