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Biomedical subjects

H Abe

Publications and source records attributed to H Abe.

At least 811 records · Page 45Linked to original sources
PubMed1993

Pineal ganglioglioma in a patient with familial basal ganglia calcification and elevated serum alpha-fetoprotein: case report.

Pineal ganglioglioma was diagnosed in a 36-year-old man with familial basal ganglia calcification and elevated serum alpha-fetoprotein. The patient was treated surgically with a good result. Only four other cases of this tumor have been reported. His 38-year-old brother also showed basal ganglia calcification and elevated serum chorionic gonadotropin as well as alpha-fetoprotein. Familial basal ganglia calcification with elevated serum alpha-fetoprotein in a nonhepatic benign condition is rare. The pathogenesis of these conditions is discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Intramedullary disseminated capillary hemangioma with localized spinal cord swelling: case report.

A case of intramedullary disseminated capillary hemangioma in the cervical spinal cord is presented. The patient showed progressive neurological deficits. Magnetic resonance imaging showed localized swelling of the spinal cord. This case was initially misdiagnosed at another institution as syringomyelia. Decompression of the posterior fossa and a syringo-subarachnoid shunt operation were performed. However, the operative findings in the authors' institution showed edematous tissue with no apparent neoplastic characteristics. Pathological findings revealed angiomatous nests consisting of small capillary-like vessels, telangiectatic vessels, and aggregated venules scattered in the edematous and partially necrotic spinal cord tissue. The edema and necrosis of the cervical cord were considered to have been caused by circulatory disturbances in the spinal cord parenchyma resulting from these vascular lesions.

Diagnostic Errors↗
PubMed1993

Visualization of the ostium of an arteriotomy in bypass surgery.

Visualization of the ostium of an arteriotomy by staining it blue with methylrosaniline chloride (pyoctaninum blue) in anastomotic bypass surgery for children with moyamoya disease is described. This technique enables surgeons to create an anastomosis more precisely and quickly. No adverse effects were observed.

Anastomosis, Surgical↗
PubMed1993

Effects of OPC-18790, a new positive inotropic agent, on canine ventricular arrhythmias.

OPC-18790 is a positive inotropic and vasodilating agent that increases intracellular cyclic AMP and stimulates Ca currents. We examined its direct electrophysiological effects in isolated blood-perfused canine cardiac preparations. OPC-18790 caused an acceleration of the intraventricular conduction in association with an increase of the contractile force and the coronary blood flow. We also examined the effects of OPC-18790 on ventricular arrhythmias in canine ventricular tachycardia (VT) models. OPC-18790 in doses producing submaximal inotropic effects, 3 mg/kg, i.v., increased the total heart rate, atrial rate and decreased the blood pressure, but did not suppress or aggravate 24- and 48-hr coronary ligation VTs. OPC-18790 up to 3 mg/kg, i.v. also did not suppress or aggravate digitalis-induced VTs. However, this dose of OPC-18790 aggravated halothane-adrenaline induced VT into ventricular fibrillation and eventually death, but a lower dose of 0.3 mg/kg did not aggravate this VT. These results in canine VTs indicate that OPC-18790 is similar to other positive inotropic agents, vesnarinone, amrinone, milrinone and sulmazole. The absence of an aggravating effect of this new positive inotropic agent on digitalis and coronary ligation VTs may be advantageous in a clinical setting of combined therapy with digitalis for myocardial ischemia.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

Atrioventricular (AV) reciprocating tachycardia utilizing left lateral AV bypass pathway with a long retrograde conduction time.

A 52-year-old man had suffered from attacks of palpitation for 10 years. The frequency of the attacks had been increasing since June 1991. The electrocardiogram (ECG) at the time of attack showed a heart rate of 175 bpm and RP'/P'R > 1, indicating long RP' tachycardia. Electrophysiological examination of the heart revealed an accessory pathway in the left lateral position. During the tachycardia, PVCs from the right ventricular apex (RVA) captured the atria. On the basis of these findings the patient was diagnosed as having had atrioventricular (AV) reciprocating tachycardia (AVRT). Ventriculoatrial (VA) conduction indicated a decremental conduction curve by single premature stimulation from the RVA, and the atrial cycle length following PVC during tachycardia was prolonged (paradoxical delay). When verapamil was administered intravenously, tachycardia induced by the premature stimulation showed prolongation of the VA interval, associated with an increased tachycardia cycle length. Tachycardia in this patient was completely controlled by administration of verapamil.

Atrioventricular Node↗
PubMed1993

Effect of a beta 3-adrenergic agonist, BRL35135A, on glucose uptake in rat skeletal muscle in vivo and in vitro.

The effects of the beta 3-agonist, BRL35135A, on glucose uptake in the peripheral tissues of the rat, including skeletal muscle, were studied using the 2-[3H]deoxyglucose method in anaesthetized adult animals. Intravenous infusion of the beta 3-agonist dose-dependently increased the rate constant of glucose uptake in three types of skeletal muscle, brown adipose tissue, white adipose tissue, heart and diaphragm, but not in the brain, spleen or lung. Although infusion of the beta 3-agonist did not change the plasma concentration of glucose appreciably, it caused an increase in the plasma concentration of insulin when given at more than 25 micrograms/kg per h. To ascertain whether the effect of the beta 3-agonist on glucose uptake in skeletal muscle is mediated by insulin, glucose uptake into soleus muscle isolated from young rats was also measured in vitro using different concentrations of the beta 3-agonist. The beta 3-agonist BRL37344 (an active metabolite of BRL35135A) significantly increased glucose transport in a dose-dependent manner, with maximum stimulation at 100 pmol/l. These results demonstrate that glucose uptake in skeletal muscle can be enhanced independently of the action of insulin, probably through the mediation of beta 3-adrenoceptors present in the tissue.

Adipose Tissue↗
PubMed1993

Sarcoidosis accompanied by pancreatic impairment.

A 64-year-old male complained of weight loss and slight fever. Bilateral hilar lymphadenopathy and hepato-splenomegaly were observed. Serum ACE level was high, and liver function was impaired. Laparoscopy demonstrated small white nodules on the liver surface. A definite diagnosis of sarcoidosis was made by histological study of the specimen by liver biopsy and noncaseating epithelioid cell granulomas composed of giant cells and epithelioid cells were revealed. Various pancreatic enzymes were increased on admission, suggesting pancreatic impairment due to sarcoidosis. Corticosteroid therapy improved liver and pancreatic functions and decreased splenomegaly. He has been followed up for 4 years and 5 months.

Humans↗
PubMed1993

Endocrine functions in children with suprasellar germinoma.

Clinical manifestations and endocrine functions were evaluated in 17 children with suprasellar germinoma. Polyuria and growth retardation were the most common initial symptoms. Physical and neurological examinations revealed diabetes insipidus in 17, growth retardation in five, and visual disturbance in three of the patients. Assessment of hypothalamic-pituitary function before treatment revealed pituitary deficits in all patients involving growth hormone, thyroid-stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone, follicle-stimulating hormone, and adrenocorticotropic hormone. These pituitary dysfunctions persisted after tumor remission due to radiation therapy. These results indicate that children with suprasellar germinoma need long-term hormone replacement therapy to prevent growth retardation, thyroid dysfunction, and delayed secondary sexual development.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

Primary intracranial germinoma involving the medulla oblongata--case report.

A 30-year-old female presented with intracranial germinoma involving both the medulla oblongata and suprasellar region. Such involvement of medulla oblongata with initial clinical symptoms similar to brainstem glioma has not been previously reported. Combination chemotherapy using cisplatin and etoposide achieved disappearance of the suprasellar tumor, and decreased size of the medulla oblongata tumor. Relapse occurred 6 months after first treatment, when combination chemotherapy with etoposide and carboplatin achieved reduction in tumor size again.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Technetium-99m-labeled recombinant tissue plasminogen activator for the imaging of emboli in vivo.

Tissue-type plasminogen activator (t-PA) effectively lyses active thrombus by direct action. Recombinant t-PA (rt-PA) was labeled with technetium-99m (99mTc) to investigate the in vivo binding to fibrin clots in a feline cerebral embolism model created by insertion of an artificial fibrin clot within the carotid artery. 99mTc-rt-PA administered intravenously provided clearer imaging of clots after priming with cold rt-PA, with uptake peaking 5-10 minutes after the injection. 99mTc-labeled human serum albumin was not retained at clot sites. Systemically administered 99mTc-rt-PA binds to fibrin clots within carotid arteries in our feline model. Our results suggest that the interaction of intrinsic plasminogen activator inhibitors with extrinsically administered rt-PA may regulate the demonstration of a clot, although the precise mechanism is unclear.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

Cerebral blood flow in children with spontaneous occlusion of the circle of Willis (moyamoya disease): comparison with healthy children and evaluation of annual changes.

Changes in the mean cerebral blood flow (mCBF) with growth in normal children (1-20 years old) were evaluated, and compared to serial mCBF changes in children with spontaneous occlusion of the circle of Willis (moyamoya disease) after vascular reconstructive surgery. mCBF gradually decreased with growth in control children. Preoperative mCBF was similar or decreased in moyamoya disease patients with transient ischemic attack, and slightly decreased in those with cerebral infarction. Postoperative mCBF gradually decreased similarly to physiological changes with growth in controls. These results suggest that changes with age should be considered when preoperative and long-term cerebral hemodynamics are evaluated in children with moyamoya disease.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1993

Desmoplastic infantile ganglioglioma--case report.

A desmoplastic infantile ganglioglioma occurred in a 5-month-old boy, manifesting as delayed psychomotor development. Computed tomography showed a large cystic mass involving the left occipitoparietal lobes. The tumor was totally removed. He has survived for 13 years without tumor recurrence. Histological examination disclosed marked desmoplasia intermixed with mature-looking ganglion cells, neoplastic glial cells, and small, immature round cells. These clinical and histological features enabled the diagnosis of desmoplastic infantile ganglioglioma.

Brain↗
PubMed1993

Dystrophic axonal formation (spheroid body) in central neurocytoma--case report.

A 30-year-old female presented with a central neurocytoma manifesting as positional headache. Magnetic resonance imaging showed a large calcified mass in the right lateral ventricle. The tumor was completely removed surgically. Light microscopy showed a linear arrangement of well-defined cells (beaded-string pattern) containing small round nuclei with abundant perikarya. A perinuclear halo reminiscent of oligodendroglioma was prominent in some cell groups. The tumor was entirely amitotic and free of atypia. Large, plump spheroid bodies lacking nuclei but containing coarse brown pigments were present among the tumor cells. The tumor cells were immunoreactive to neuron-specific enolase and synaptophysin but not glial fibrillary acidic protein or neurofilament. The ultrastructure of the tumor cells included abundant spheroid bodies containing secretory granules around neurons, indicating a dystrophic or aborted process of neuronal differentiation rather than a completely-differentiated central neurocytoma.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Human glioblastoma cells produce granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor in vitro, but not in vivo, without expressing its receptor.

Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) production and receptor expression by human glioblastomas was studied. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay showed four of 10 glioblastoma cell lines spontaneously released GM-CSF (2.9-9.2 pg GM-CSF protein/ml culture medium), which was enhanced by stimulation with tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF) (10 U/ml) up to 410 pg/ml. TNF also induced secretion of GM-CSF by another cell line. Northern blot analysis identified increasing GM-CSF gene expression by cells following TNF stimulation. However, no GM-CSF protein was detectable in the cerebrospinal fluid of three malignant glioma patients. Intratumoral administration of TNF in the patients also failed to stimulate GM-CSF levels in the cerebrospinal fluid. A binding assay using flow cytometry with biotinylated GM-CSF and Scatchard analysis using 125I-labeled GM-CSF failed to demonstrate GM-CSF receptor expression on the 13 cell lines. Exogenous GM-CSF stimulation had no effect on production of prostaglandin E2, interleukin-6, or interleukin-8 by glioma cells. Human glioblastoma cells secrete GM-CSF without expressing the receptor in vitro, but there was no evidence of GM-CSF production in vivo.

Glioblastoma↗
PubMed1993

Clinical application of angioscopy during carotid endarterectomy for patients with internal carotid artery stenosis.

The accuracy of angioscopy in detecting atherosclerotic changes, such as plaque, ulcer, and mural thrombus, in the extracranial cerebral arteries was evaluated during carotid endarterectomy by comparison with angiographic and operative findings. Ten patients with internal carotid artery stenosis underwent intraoperative angioscopy during surgery. After clamping the carotid bifurcation, intra-arterial atherosclerotic lesions were observed with an angioscope (0.8 or 1.4 mm outer diameter) inserted through a small incision in the common carotid artery. Angioscopic findings correlated well with both angiographic and operative findings in six patients, and provided additional information in two patients, such as organized thrombi within the ulcer and mural thrombi. Angioscopic findings were quite different to those from angiograms in two patients. In one, an ulcer on angiograms was false positive, and in the other, false negative. These findings were confirmed intraoperatively. Our results suggest that preoperative carotid angioscopy is of great value in detecting ulcers more accurately than angiography, and in selecting candidates for carotid endarterectomy, although further development of equipment is needed.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Urinary epidermal growth factor in patients with gliomas: significance of the factor as a glial tumor marker.

Epidermal growth factor (EGF) content in urine from patients with glial tumors was examined by radioimmunoassay techniques with labeled human EGF and its rabbit EGF polyclonal antibody. There was no cross-reaction with transforming growth factor-alpha, which has a common receptor with EGF. Forty glial tumors were divided into three groups according to the clinical stage: Samples from Group A patients were obtained before therapy and/or after biopsy; in these patients a large volume of tumor was apparent on computerized tomography (CT). Group B samples were obtained after gross total removal of the tumor and/or chemo- and radiation therapy; these patients showed a small volume of residual tumor on CT. Samples from Group C patients were obtained after gross tumor total removal and/or chemo- and radiation therapy; no tumor was detected on CT scans in these patients. Urinary EGF levels in Group A samples were statistically significantly higher than in samples from healthy individuals (p < 0.001), Group B patients (p < 0.10), and Group C patients (p < 0.02). In addition, high-grade glial tumors in Group A cases showed a significantly higher level of urinary EGF than low-grade tumors in Group A patients (p < 0.05), or patients with meningioma (p < 0.02), metastatic brain tumor (p < 0.05), and cerebral infarction (p < 0.001). Longitudinal changes of urinary EGF levels in glioma patients mostly synchronized with the clinical course and therapeutic interventions. Therefore, urinary EGF, as a glial tumor marker, may be of practical value for diagnosing a malignant glioma and evaluating for the efficacy of chemo- and radiation therapy.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

[Expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen following filtration surgery in rabbits].

We evaluated cell replication in wound healing following experimental filtration surgery. Cell replication was measured via immunohistochemistry for proliferating cell nuclear antigen, which is a marker of cell proliferation. Trabeculectomy was performed on albino rabbit eyes, with the filtering site harvested on postoperative days 1, 4, 7, and 14. Samples were fixed with 10% buffered formalin and prepared for paraffin section, and proliferating cell nuclear antigen was detected in filtering site tissue using the labeled streptavidin-biotin method. The number of immunoreactive cells increased at days 4 to 7 and was markedly decreased at day 14; the filtering site was obstructed at days 7 to 14. These findings may have clinical implications for the administration of antiproliferative agents after filtration surgery. Evaluation of cell replication following filtration surgery by detecting proliferating cell nuclear antigen is a simpler technique than autoradiography.

Animals↗