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Biomedical subjects

G Wolf

Publications and source records attributed to G Wolf.

At least 577 records · Page 32Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

[1st report on the use of an autogenous tissue adhesive in otorhinolaryngology].

An autogenous tissue glue has been developed at the ENT Department of the University Clinic Graz. It is prepared from the patient's own plasma, and has the following advantages: There is no danger of transmitting infectious diseases, there are no problems with storage, temperature and expiration date. The glue is produced at room temperature and is cheap. The production and application of this autologous tissue glue are described and a first report is given on initial experiences.

Drug Combinations↗
PubMed1985

Galactosyltransferase activities in cultured urinary bladder tumor cells.

After demonstrating that three bladder cancer cell lines (human bladder transitional cell carcinoma, MGH-U1; rat bladder transitional cell carcinoma, RBTCC; Nara rat bladder epidermal carcinoma, NBT-II) had galactosyltransferase (GT) activity in their cell surfaces, we investigated the effect of increasing cell density on the activity of this enzyme. All three cell lines responded to increased cell density by increased activity of cell-surface GT towards endogenous acceptor. By the use of exogenous acceptor, we showed that in the two transitional cell carcinoma lines (human and rat), the increased activity was probably caused by increased levels of endogenous acceptor rather than enzyme. In the rat bladder epidermal carcinoma line, on the other hand, increased GT activity seemed to be the result of increased levels of the enzyme. These conclusions were supported by the increased shedding of GT into the medium with increasing cell density in case of the epidermal carcinoma cells, but not the two transitional cell carcinoma lines. Total cell-associated GT activity would indicate that, in contrast to the two transitional cell carcinoma lines, the bladder epidermal carcinoma cells may have an increased rate of synthesis of GT as confluence is approached.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Migration of craniofacial periosteum in growing guinea-pigs.

The use of a carbon particle tattoo provided stable periosteal markers and a means of recording periosteal movement both anteroposteriorly and transversely during growth in guinea-pigs. In general, the periosteum migrated toward the cranial sutures. The radial pattern, demonstrated on the frontal bones and indicated on the nasal and parietal bones, showed that a periosteal envelope is identifiable with each bone. The area of origin of this centrifugal pattern of migration coincided with the ossification centre of that bone. Trabeculae and vascular canals tended to point in the direction of periosteal migration. The anteroposterior periosteal migration was proportional to but less than the anteroposterior growth of the craniofacial bones studied. The absolute medial periosteal marker migration, similar on the frontal and parietal bones, was directed in the opposite direction from the slight transverse bone growth. This may indicate a biophysical response to tension on the fibrous periosteum from the principally anteroposterior craniofacial growth. The amount of growth at the frontonasal, coronal and midline sutures diminished from anterior to posterior. The observed histological and morphological sutural characteristics concurred with these growth changes which correlate with the decreased cranial and increased facial growth during the age period studied. Although the fibrous periosteum is continuous over the separate membranous bones its behaviour appears to be intimately related to the growth of the craniofacial bones which it covers. The blending of the fibrous periosteum within the transverse sutures may prevent significant migration across craniofacial bones. It seems that the observed migratory patterns result from a close association of the fibrous periosteum with each growing craniofacial bone. The relationship of the fibrous periosteum to the growth of the craniofacial bones is a question requiring further investigation.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Migration of craniofacial periosteum in guinea-pigs with unilateral masticatory muscle paralysis.

The amount and direction of movement of the fibrous periosteum of the nasal, frontal, and parietal bones in the guinea-pig have been documented after experimentally induced unilateral paralysis of the masticatory muscles. Marked craniofacial asymmetries and muscle atrophy were observed after electrolytic lesions of the trigeminal motor nucleus were made. The induced muscle paralysis had only a small effect on the periosteal migration. The direction of migration was slightly less medial on the operated as compared to the non-operated side. The periosteal migration of the non-operated side closely paralleled the direction of movements observed in the control animals studied previously. There was an increase of bone apposition at the coronal sutural margins on the operated side and an associated convexity of the midline toward the operated side. Additional research on the dynamic relationship of the muscle-periosteum-bone interface is necessary in order to understand better the morphogenetic controls of craniofacial growth.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

The structure of Artemia sp. haemoglobin. Cleavage of the native molecules into functional units by limited subtilisin digestion.

Limited subtilisin digestion of the high-Mr haemoglobin of the crustacean Artemia sp. results in a series of fragments that are multiples of Mr 16000. Properties such as amino acid composition, iron content, absorption and c.d. spectra of the 16000-Mr functional units strongly resemble those of the intact haemoglobin molecules. The 16000-Mr functional units can bind O2 in a non-co-operative way. They thus represent the structural units from which the globin chains are built up.

Amino Acids↗
PubMed1984

Uptake and subcellular distribution of 65zinc in brain structures during the postnatal development of the rat.

The uptake ratio of 65zinc into the postnatally developing hippocampal formation, cerebellum and remainder of the brain showed only minor differences, whilst following subcellular fractionation a marked decrease in 65zinc uptake from postnatal day 15 to adulthood was found in nuclear sediments (hippocampal formation 44.3%, cerebellum 27.5%), along with an increase in synaptosomal fractions on the hippocampal formation by 55.4% and of the cerebellum by 37.1%. The shift of zinc out of the perikarya into terminal fields during the postnatal development without substantial alterations of the net zinc content is supposed to be a consequence of a functional relation of zinc to synaptic transmission processes.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1984

[Sonographic diagnosis of channel pelvis].

This paper reports the findings in 22 primigravidae in whom Caesarian section was performed because of impaction of the head in mid-pelvis. 100 women who had normal deliveries served as controls. The routinely-determined external measurements of the pelvis were within the normal range in all women, whereas the distances between symphysis and the 3rd or 5th sacral vertebra were reduced in comparison with the conjugata externa in patients requiring Caesarian section. For an exact diagnosis ultrasound and X-ray pelvimetry was performed post sectionem. A reduced distance between the symphysis and the 3rd or 5th sacral vertebra was ascertained by both methods. Hence, a channel pelvis might be the main reason in these women for standstill in labour. The ultrasound and X-ray pelvimetry results were comparable.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Alanine aminotransferase in the rat nervous system during the postnatal development referring to the glutamate transmitter metabolism.

Alanine aminotransferase has been studied in various nervous tissues during the postnatal development of the rat. At birth the enzyme activity was low and showed similar levels in all tissues studied. In the hippocampal formation and in the cerebellum which are supposed to be endowed with glutamatergic structures, the enzyme activity increased significantly during the postnatal development. These results contrast markedly with dorsal root ganglia and superior cervical ganglia, in which glutamatergic transmission processes are obviously absent. In these peripheral ganglia the time course of the enzyme activity persisted on a very low level after birth. The participation of alanine aminotransferase in forming of transmitter glutamate is discussed.

Alanine Transaminase↗
PubMed1984

Plasma fibronectin as a marker for cancer and other diseases.

The blood concentration of the high-molecular-weight glycoprotein fibronectin showed great promise as a marker for cancer and certain other disease states. However, it now appears that plasma fibronectin levels are influenced by many factors (e.g., age, sex, nutritional state, trauma, shock, inflammation, certain drugs), sometimes giving conflicting responses. Furthermore, unrecognized pitfalls exist in fibronectin determinations with respect to blood sampling methods, plasma preparation, plasma storage, and re-use and assay methods. It is concluded that the plasma fibronectin level, as frequently reported, has little value as a marker for cancer and other disease states.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

An apparatus for reproducible large scale preparation of polyacrylamide gradient tube gels.

A device for the preparation of polyacrylamide tube gels for pore gradient gel electrophoresis is described. The glass tubes are arranged in the shape of a hollow cylinder, of which the outer as well as the inner surface can be cooled. By this arrangement, the maximum distance the heat of reaction has to be conducted is 7.5 mm. According to the outer diameter of the tubes, the number of gels held by one device ranges from 125 (5 mm) to 500 (2.5 mm). The gels are demonstrated to be identical, and allow for highly reproducible separations.

Acrylic Resins↗
PubMed1984

Kainate and glutamate neurotoxicity in dependence on the postnatal development with special reference to hippocampal neurons.

The particular vulnerability of hippocampal CA3/CA4 neurons to intracerebroventricularly administered kainate did not occur in rats until postnatal day 16. Glutamate applied in the same way failed to show comparable neurodegenerative signs, even when administered in large doses to adult animals. Alternatively, both kainate and glutamate exerted similar behavioral effects from postnatal day 15 onwards. No correlation appears between kainate/glutamate-induced behavioral changes and their neurodegenerative potency.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1984

Multiple factors in the satiation of salt appetite.

There is evidence in the literature that has been taken to show that, unlike hunger and thirst, salt appetite cannot be satiated in the absence of salt taste stimulation. The present study showed that repletion of body sodium in the absence of taste stimulation, that is, by gavage, can diminish subsequent saline intake. The satiating effects of gavage versus drinking of saline were studied at various intervals after repletion. For the first few hours, gastric loading was constantly less satiating than was drinking. But as the interval between gavage and testing was lengthened beyond 4-8 hr, the satiating effect began to increase until by 16 hr it was equal to that of drinking. The specificity of the satiating effect of saline gavage as a function of time between treatment and testing was also studied. There appeared to be a transient nonspecific blocking effect of solutes on solute intake which had a duration of less than 30 min. The satiating effect of saline gavage became specific after that time. The experiment suggests that there are multiple factors involved in the satiation of salt appetite--a taste factor, a short-latency post ingestional factor, and a long-latency postingestional factor.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Levels of vasopressin and oxytocin in neurohypophysis and plasma of the postnatally developing rat and the influence of hypothyroidism on rat fetuses.

Arginine vasopressin (AVP) and oxytocin (OXT) were measured simultaneously by radioimmunoassay in neurohypophyses of rats immediately before birth (fetal day 22) onward to day 50 of life. The neurohypophysial content of AVP exceeded that of OXT by factor 17 at fetal day 22, by 20 immediately post natum, and by 2 at day 21 of life, respectively. As compared to day 0, the content at day 21 is considerably higher (AVP 24 fold, OXT 270 fold). The poor correlation between neurohypophysial AVP and OXT content suggests the possibility of a different onto-genetic development of both neuropeptide systems. Both AVP and OXT were detected in pooled rat plasma at various postnatal stages. Hypo- and hyperthyroidism induced experimentally during gestation did not result in a significant change in neuropeptide content of fetal neural lobes.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1984

[Parenchyma pattern and breast cancer. Analyses and consequences].

500 mammograms were analysed according to Wolfe, with additional mastography group. The mammogram documented a risk pattern which correlated to the statistic increase in carcinoma. Our own experience also showed no correlation between simple mastopathy and carcinoma of the breast. Therefore, the risk pattern should be regarded as part of the known risk factors and should indicate selective screening at a yearly interval, even if clinical examinations are negative.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

[Mammographic and sonographic appearances of traumatic changes in the female breast].

As a result of trauma, or surgery, haematomas develop which are visible and can be demonstrated by sonography; they either regress completely or leave circular foci after a period of days or weeks. Both the new and older lesions can usually be well shown by sonography. During these stages the sonogram may be valuable. Long-standing changes, such as fat necrosis, are best shown by mammography. There are three types of fat necrosis; oily cysts, mixed types or scarring leading to an appearance resembling a carcinoma. Oily cysts may undergo mural calcification leading to liponecrosis macrocystica or liponecrosis microcystica, depending on size.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Kinetics of fibronectin release from fibroblasts in response to 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate and retinoic acid.

We have studied the effects of the tumor promoter 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) and its in vivo and in vitro antagonist retinoic acid (RA) on the synthesis and release of a major extracellular glycoprotein, fibronectin (FN), in human lung fibroblasts (HLF). The studies reported here investigate the question of whether the increased amounts of FN released by TPA treatment are cell-surface derived or require de novo synthesis of FN. Untransformed HLF continuously released FN into the medium. Addition of TPA rapidly enhanced this release of FN into the culture medium, as shown with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. RA, given simultaneously with TPA, prevented the increased release and resulted in a normal FN accumulation in the medium. RA alone did not influence FN release. To study the effect of TPA or RA on synthesis rates of FN, HLF were labeled metabolically: FN synthesis rates with or without TPA, RA, or with TPA and RA were similar, as judged by assaying cell-layer-associated and medium [3H]FN. Pre-existing (unlabeled) FN accumulated in the medium as a result of TPA treatment at a time when newly synthesized (labeled) FN was still intracellular. Cycloheximide, in concentrations which inhibited protein synthesis by 95%, did not prevent but only reduced the normal FN release, nor did it prevent the effect of TPA at this reduced level. We conclude that phorbol ester action and RA counteraction on the release of FN takes place on a cell-surface target; that FN which is released into the medium by TPA is derived from pre-existing FN; that RA specifically antagonizes TPA action. No protein synthesis is required to release FN, to mediate enhanced FN release by TPA, or to counteract the enhanced release by RA.

Cells, Cultured↗
PubMed1984

Vitamin A deficiency and serum or plasma fibronectin in the rat and in human subjects.

Fibronectin, a high-molecular-weight glycoprotein occurring in plasma and on the surface of many cells, is involved in cell adhesion and other cell-surface phenomena. Vitamin A deficiency in rats resulted in a threefold increase in the concentration of fibronectin in serum, as measured immunochemically. In vitamin A-depleted human subjects, on the other hand, no correlation could be found between plasma retinol and fibronectin levels.

Adult↗