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Biomedical subjects

G Schmidt

Publications and source records attributed to G Schmidt.

At least 469 records · Page 26Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

Phosphorylated nonhistone proteins in different fractions of rat liver nuclei obtained by metrizamide gradient centrifugation.

The distribution of nuclear nonhistone proteins (NHPs) labelled in vivo with 32P was investigated in different subnuclear fractions obtained by metrizamide gradient centrifugation of mildly sonicated rat liver nuclei. The bulk chromatin banding at 1.20-1.22 g to cm3 (fraction C) contained only minor amounts both of non-phosphorylated and 32P-labelled NHPs. Nick-translated DNA sequences were found to sediment at a slightly higher density (1.26 g/cm3) in a minor fraction (A). Fraction A also contained a significant portion of the newly synthesized RNA and was enriched additionally with a broad spectrum of NHPs; some of them were highly 32P-labelled. Two hnRNP fractions (R2 and R1) sedimenting at densities greater than 1.28 g/cm3 were analyzed, too. By SDS-PAGE it was shown that the most abundant 32P-NHPs were found in three groups (fraction A, R1, and R2). Two of them, 32-34 KDa, and 37-40 KDa, are components of the major proteins of the hnRNP particles. A group of four moderately labelled 32P-NHPs of approximately 55 K, 64 K, 70 K, and 90 KDa appeared substantially enriched in fraction A. They were found also in RNP fractions R1 and R2, but to a smaller mount. Therefore, we suggest that in fraction A they exist in a complex with hnRNP. Fraction A was also enriched with numerous 32P-NHPs of very high molecular weight found in other types of experiments nearly exclusively in the nuclear residual structures. The 32P-protein pattern of the nucleoli was shown to be different from that of the other subnuclear fractions. Considering our observations on the accumulation of nick-translated DNA sequences, the presence of newly synthesized RNA, the high content of NHPs, and the association of special 32P-NHPs we suggest that fraction A represents transcriptionally active chromatin.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

[The prognostic value of diastolic extra sounds].

Longitudinal examinations of 110 patient and ergometric loading tests on 300 patients resulted in correlative relations between diastolic extra sounds, increasing, reduction of the activity and decreased load capacity. On the basis of subjective and objective criteria the thesis is confirmed to value diastolic extra sounds as signs of an early insufficiency. It was conspicuous that already in adolescents with diastolic extra sounds a reduced load capacity could be established in comparison to adolescents of the same age.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

[Poisoning by diphenhydramine--forensic-toxicologic interpretation of analytic results ].

Several poisonings by diphenhydramine were reported shortly after it had been introduced as an antihistamine in 1945. In the Federal Republic of Germany its combination with 8-chlorotheophylline (dimenhydrinate) is available as a hypnotic without prescription. Replacing the dangerous diethylpentenamide diphenhydramine is a drug which is also often abused. Fatal poisonings, suicide attempts, and traffic accidents were increasingly observed. In seven cases drug-influenced road users caused traffic accidents. We observed blood concentrations of diphenhydramine as high as in four cases of clinically treated patients after ingestion of large doses. This indicates a serious drug abuse. The measurement of the concentration of diphenhydramine and its major metabolite (diphenmethoxy acetic acid) in blood and urine is a means of recognizing chronic use and misuse of diphenhydramine. As the metabolite accumulates in blood one may find an elevated level after multiple dosing. Shortly after taking a single dose no or only low metabolite concentration is found. The concentration of diphenhydramine and its metabolite was measured in several fatal cases. In one of these cases the concentration in body fluids and tissues was in a range not observed until now.

Accidents, Traffic↗
PubMed1982

Gynecologic operative experience in women exposed to DES in utero.

A review of 309 women exposed to DES in utero revealed 43 major gynecologic procedures, excluding cesarean section, in 33 women (11%) with a mean age of 24.3 years. Pelvic adhesions (54%), ovarian cysts (36%), and ectopic pregnancies (21%) were the major operative findings; no invasive gynecologic malignancies were identified. Eight of the women required at least one additional operative procedure, primarily for pelvic adhesions. In those with DES-related cervicovaginal changes, the incidence of operative procedures was 23%. New problems associated with in utero DES exposure continue to be revealed as affected progeny are studied in more detail. These findings suggest an additional problem--an increased incidence of clinically evident adnexal disease involving adhesions, benign ovarian cysts, and ectopic pregnancies.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

Accessibility of enterobacterial common antigen to antibodies in encapsulated and non-capsulated S and R forms of Escherichia coli.

Antiserum specific for the enterobacterial 'common antigen' (ECA) was obtained by absorbing a rabbit ECA antiserum with an ECA-negative mutant. Accessibility of ECA to antibodies in encapsulated and non-capsulated S and R forms derived from Escherichia coli O8:K27 was studied using the indirect immunoferritin technique (whole-mount electron microscopy). The number of ferritin particles on the bacterial surface decreased in the order, non-capsulated R greater than encapsulated R greater than on-capsulated S greater than encapsulated S form, indicating that both the O and K antigens partly cover ECA on the surface of the outer membrane. Whole-mount and thin-section electron microscopy showed that ferritin was evenly distributed on the surface of R mutants, whereas it formed clusters on the S forms.

Antibodies, Bacterial↗
PubMed1982

Metabolic effects of prenalterol in healthy volunteers.

The effect of the beta 1-adrenoceptor agonist prenalterol on the metabolic parameters glucose, lactate, free fatty acids and serum-insulin were studied in 8 healthy volunteers. Prenalterol was administered intravenously in geometrically increasing doses from 5 to 80 micrograms/kg. The only metabolic effect of prenalterol that could be proved was a significant dose-dependent rise in FFA-concentration. The stimulating effect of prenalterol on lipolysis was significant not only at the time points of maximal effect following each injection, but also 30 min later. Serum-insulin-concentration and glucose- and lactate-concentration failed, however, to show a significant rise after prenalterol administration. This behaviour is a strong indication of a beta 1-selectivity of prenalterol over the whole dose range given.

Adrenergic beta-Agonists↗
PubMed1982

Measurement of blood flow in pancreatic islets of the rat: effect of isoproterenol and norepinephrine.

Blood flow to the pancreatic islets of the anesthetized rat has been measured by application of microspheres, intravital staining of the endocrine tissue by Dithizon, and induction of organ transparency by incubation in glycerol. Thus the microspheres could be counted separately in the islet tissue and in the remaining organ. The total pancreatic blood flow in the rat amounted to 0.48 +/- 0.04 ml.min-1.g-1 and the flow fraction of the islet tissue to 1.22 +/- 0.09%, corresponding to a flow rate through the pancreatic islets of 5.42 +/- 0.63 microliters/min. When isoproterenol was applied (0.1 and 1.0 micrograms.kg-1.min-1 iv for 15 min), total pancreatic blood flow rose to 0.60 +/- 0.08 and 0.98 +/- 0.10 (P less than 0.01) ml.min-1.g-1, whereas the flow fraction to the islets decreased to 0.82 +/- 0.08 (P less than 0.01) and 0.61 +/- 0.07% (P less than 0.01). The absolute islet perfusion remained nearly unchanged. Norepinephrine (2.0 and 5.0 micrograms.kg-1.min-1 for 15 min) similarly increased total blood flow to 0.78 +/- 0.08 (P less than 0.01) and 0.64 +/- 0.08 ml.min-1.g-1) while reducing the islet flow fraction to 1.15 +/- 0.13 and 0.83 +/- 0.05% (P less than 0.01). The absolute flow rate through the islet tissue did not change significantly. The conclusion may be drawn from these experiments that changes in total pancreatic blood flow are not necessarily accompanied by corresponding changes in the perfusion rate of the endocrine islet tissue.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Capillary density in rat myocardium during timed plasma staining.

In urethan-anesthetized thoracotomized rats the density of myocardial capillaries that had been stained during timed infusions of a plasma label was determined. gamma-Globulin-coupled fluorochromes [lissamine-rhodamine B 200 (RB 200) and fluoresceinisothiocyanate (FITC)] were applied to the vascular system for different intervals of time. The circulation in the heart was freeze stopped, and the dye-containing capillaries were counted in histological cross sections of the organ. When the dyes had been infused into the left atrium for 1, 2, 5, or 10 s the number of stained vessels continuously increased (1,960 +/- 170, 2,780 +- 160, 3,310 +/- 130, and 3,340 +/- 140 cap/mm2 in the subepicardium and 1,990 +/- 210, 2,490 +/- 190, 3,090 +/- 160, and 3,210 +/- 160 cap/mm2 in the subendocardium, respectively). However, further prolongation of dye exposure (2, 10, or 30 min) did not increase significantly the number of marked capillaries. The induction of a general hypoxia (30-s stop of ventilation) after dye application also did not induce higher capillary counts than were found in the normoxic animals during long-time plasma labeling. Changes in red blood cell-containing capillaries were not covered by these observations. The distribution of stained capillaries in the evaluated areas was more inhomogeneous after incomplete filling with RB 200 for 1 s than after complete staining with FITC for 4 min. The results favor the view that in the rat heart at rest the blood plasma passes the microcirculation in an inhomogeneous manner; in all capillaries the slowest transit times do not exceed 5 s, however.

Animals↗