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Biomedical subjects

G Roupe

Publications and source records attributed to G Roupe.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

Oculomotor dysfunction in patients with syphilis.

Four patients with syphilis or, in two instances, possibly some other treponematosis, underwent oculomotor and audiological tests. The oculomotor test result was abnormal in all four patients. Three had abnormal smooth pursuit eye movements and two of them had hypometric voluntary horizontal saccades, which indicate that the central nervous system (CNS) was affected. Moreover, one of the patients had pathological auditory brain stem responses, which indicate brain stem dysfunction. Another patient had signs of Menière's syndrome in one ear.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Long-term follow-up of histamine turnover in mastocytosis.

To study the long-term histamine turnover in patients with mastocytosis, the urinary excretion of the main histamine metabolite tele-methylimidazoleacetic acid was measured. Eighteen patients, 10 with urticaria pigmentosa and 8 with systemic mastocytosis, were followed for several years (mean 4.2 years). Younger individuals (less than 30 years) had initially normal excretion or tended to normalize their excretion during follow-up, while older patients (greater than 30 years) often had systemic manifestations and higher excretion values, which increased in some cases during the observation period.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

Amiodarone photoreactions.

Four patients with photoreactions after Amiodarone therapy are described. The action spectrum for photosensitivity was found in the UVA region. Pigmentation seems to be due to wavelengths below 360 nm.

Aged↗
PubMed1987

Biochemical characterization and tissue distribution of the scleredema in a case of Buschke's disease.

Biopsies from a patient with a longstanding form of scleredema adultorum Buschke were analysed for morphological and biochemical changes in the dermal connective tissue. By light microscopy the tissue changes were located to the deep part of the reticular dermis. Therefore dermal tissue was separated into a superficial and a deep part and analysed biochemically. By this procedure it was possible to show that the concentration of hyaluronan in the deep part of the dermis was increased. The urinary excretion of methylimidazole acetic acid, an indicator of the mast cell mass in the body, was also elevated.

Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2↗
PubMed1987

Oral retinoids in mycosis fungoides and Sézary syndrome: a comparison of isotretinoin and etretinate. A study from the Scandinavian Mycosis Fungoides Group.

Thirty-nine patients with mycosis fungoides in various stages or Sézary syndrome were treated with isotretinoin and 29 with etretinate as single drug therapy. Complete remission within 2 months was obtained with isotretinoin in 8 cases (21%) and partial remission in another 15 cases (38%). Etretinate induced complete remission in 5 cases (21%) and partial remission in 11 (46%). Only 1 case with Sézary syndrome went into partial remission. The first sign of remission occurred in 2 to 4 weeks. During continued treatment remissions could not always be maintained. Isotretinoin and etretinate were considered to be of equal potency in the treatment of mycosis fungoides.

Drug Eruptions↗
PubMed1987

Cytogenetic studies and in vitro colony growth in patients with mastocytosis.

Cytogenetic analysis of bone marrow cells and in vitro growth for bone marrow granulocytic-macrophage stem cells have been performed in 13 patients with mastocytosis, six with systemic mastocytosis, and seven with urticaria pigmentosa. Clones with chromosome abnormalities were found in five patients. The number of clusters and/or colonies after seven days in culture was increased in seven patients, compared with the growth in a control group. Three patients with chromosome abnormalities showed an abnormal growth pattern, yet exhibited normal peripheral blood values. Two patients with systemic mastocytosis had clones with chromosome abnormalities and some abnormal hematological values. The proportion of patients with chromosome abnormalities and an abnormal growth pattern was higher among these patients with mastocytosis than in healthy control subjects. These results may be of interest when discussing the origin of mast cell disorders and indicate an association with the myeloproliferative disorders.

Bone Marrow↗
PubMed1986

Treatment of chronic urticaria with PUVA or UVA plus placebo: a double-blind study.

Chronic urticaria is a disease for which the available range of treatment modalities is limited. Ultraviolet radiation has recently been shown to affect histamine release from mast cells. We therefore studied the effects of PUVA and UVA on chronic urticaria. Nineteen patients took part in the study, which was designed as a randomized double-blind study. Eleven patients received PUVA, and 8 received UVA plus a placebo. In the PUVA group, 7 patients showed improvement, 3 noticed no change, and 1 became worse. In the group that received UVA plus placebo, 5 patients experienced an improvement, whereas the other 3 showed no change. The differences between the groups were not statistically significant. However, the probability of achieving this degree of improvement in both groups just by chance is less than 1%. Consequently, the improvement noted could have been due to either UVA alone or a placebo effect. It is concluded that PUVA is not better than UVA in the treatment of chronic urticaria.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Toxic epidermal necrolysis with extensive mucosal erosions of the gastrointestinal and respiratory tracts.

Toxic epidermal necrolysis with epidermal shedding over almost the entire body occurred in a patient with classical rheumatoid arthritis treated with sulindac, penicillamine and a combination analgesic containing paracetamol and chlormezanone. Erosions in the lower respiratory tract and the intestine contributed to a lethal outcome of the disease and showed a microscopical picture similar to that of the skin involved. The histopathological picture of these extracutaneous lesions have been only briefly reported previously.

Acetaminophen↗
PubMed1986

Dermal mast cells in mastocytosis: fixation, distribution and quantitation.

The mast cell distribution and number were studied in skin biopsies of 18 mastocytosis patients and 10 controls. The biopsies were stained for mast cells with toluidine blue at pH 0.5. The number in the upper dermis of lesional abdominal skin was at least twice as high as that of normal adjacent skin. Fixation in iso-osmotic 0.6% formaldehyde and 0.5% acetic acid, revealed more mast cells than conventional 4% formaldehyde fixation. Staining for 5 days, when compared to the normal for 30 min, increased the number of demonstrable mast cells just as did the change in fixation. Conventional formaldehyde fixation thus partially blocks the dye-binding of cutaneous mast cells, about 20% of the cells escaping detection. The degree of aldehyde blocking was similar in lesional and normal skin. A more pronounced blocking of dye-binding has been demonstrated previously in gut mucosal mast cells. Whether the blocking of dye-binding is an expression of heterogeneity in dermal mast cells remains to be determined.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

The bone marrow in urticaria pigmentosa and systemic mastocytosis. Cell composition and mast cell density in relation to urinary excretion of tele-methylimidazoleacetic acid.

The bone marrow sections from five normal subjects and 18 patients with mastocytosis were examined to establish criteria to distinguish urticaria pigmentosa from systemic mastocytosis. Nine patients had increased numbers of mast cells in bone marrow sections stained with a long toluidine blue staining technique specific for mast cells, whereas five patients exhibited increased numbers of mast cells on May-Grünwald-Giemsa-stained smears of bone marrow. A positive correlation between the number of mast cells in sections of the bone marrow and the urinary excretion of the main histamine metabolite tele-methylimidazoleacetic acid was found. In ten of the examined bone marrow specimens, focal lesions containing mast cells, lymphocytes, and eosinophils appeared. The presence of these focal lesions together with either an increased number of mast cells in bone marrow sections and/or increased urinary excretion of telemethylimidazoleacetic acid is considered diagnostic of systemic mastocytosis. No patient exhibited myeloproliferative condition or other major hematologic abnormality.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Basophil/mast cell precursors in mast cell proliferative disorders.

Mast cell proliferative disorders include urticaria pigmentosa, localized to the skin, and systemic mastocytosis, with progression from urticaria pigmentosa to systemic mastocytosis in some adults. We have evaluated the presence of basophil/mast cell precursors in urticaria pigmentosa and systemic mastocytosis using an in vitro assay for cells which form histamine-positive peripheral blood granulocyte colonies in methylcellulose. In 17 cultures from 10 patients with mast cell proliferative disorders (6 urticaria pigmentosa, 4 systemic mastocytosis), the frequency of histamine-positive granulocyte colonies was significantly higher in systemic mastocytosis (40% colonies picked) than in urticaria pigmentosa (15%, p less than 0.002). The mean histamine content per cell of urticaria pigmentosa patient colonies was less than or equal to 0.1 pg compared to 0.7 +/- 0.1 pg in systemic mastocytosis patient colonies. Precursor assays done serially at different times in individual patients appeared to reflect clinical extent of disease. In one patient with urticaria pigmentosa, a repeatedly normal number of histamine-positive colonies paralleled no change in clinical course, while in 2 others (1 systemic mastocytosis, 1 urticaria pigmentosa) increasing skin lesions, leukopenia, increased urinary histamine or refractoriness to therapy was accompanied by an increase in the frequency of basophil/mast cell precursors. Using an index of disease activity, the frequency of histamine-positive colonies was significantly higher in active, versus inactive, mast cell proliferative disorders (p less than 0.0001). These studies confirm the biologic relevance of mast cell proliferation in mast cell proliferative disorders, and suggest that precursor assays using histamine content of granulocyte colonies may be useful in predicting extent of disease.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

Treatment of two mastocytosis patients with a histidine decarboxylase inhibitor.

Alpha-fluoromethylhistidine, alpha-FMH (L-641.575, Merck, Sharp and Dohme), a specific irreversible inhibitor of the mammalian histidine decarboxylase, was investigated for its effect on possible histamine symptoms in mastocytosis. Two patients were treated for 28 and 22 weeks respectively. The first patient had systemic mastocytosis and a severe malabsorption causing weight loss, excessive fecal fat losses and electrolyte disturbances, the main symptom being frequent diarrhoea. The second patient had mainly skin manifestations diagnosed as urticaria pigmentosa and the main symptom was pruritus. There were no side effects of the drug. The first patient produced formed stools after one week of treatment, concomitant with a decrease in plasma histamine and in urinary excretion of the main histamine metabolite tele-methylimidazoleacetic acid (MeImAA). In the second patient definite benefit of the treatment was observed after two months. However, changes in histamine parameters occurred earlier. Plasma histamine and urinary MeImAA were reduced after one week and in two or three weeks reached a steady-state level of about 25% of pretreatment values. The results indicate an effective inhibition of histamine synthesis in both patients but only the diarrhoea seemed to be causally related to the change in histamine metabolism.

Aged↗
PubMed1985

Suppression of T lymphocyte mitogen response in patients with mastocytosis.

Immunological functions were studied in 22 patients with mastocytosis. Lymphocyte stimulation with concanavalin A (Con A) and phytohemagglutinin showed that the patients responded with lower mitogenic activity than healthy controls. Furthermore, the lymphocytes of patients with the most extensive mast cell disease had a significantly lower Con A mitogen response than the lymphocytes of the rest of the patients. The effect of histamine and its specific metabolites, tele-methylhistamine and tele-methylimidazoleacetic acid (MeImAA), on the Con A lymphocyte mitogen response was also studied in healthy controls. Histamine had a clear suppressive effect, while the metabolite tele-methylhistamine caused only slight inhibition and MeImAA apparently had no effect. The total T cell, suppressor and helper cell numbers, measured with monoclonal antibodies, and the amount of immunoglobulins in serum were found to be normal.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

HLA and lymphocyte histamine sensitivity in mastocytosis.

HLA-ABC and DR typing was performed on 50 patients with mastocytosis. Lymphocyte stimulation with concanavalin A has earlier been performed in 22 of these patients. No phenotypic aberrations were detected in the patient group. 8 patients had the HLA-B12 phenotype. Lymphocytes from the HLA-B12 phenotype stimulated with a lymphocyte mitogen have earlier been shown to react with decreased inhibitory effect to histamine. 2 patients in this study had the HLA-B12 phenotype and systemic mastocytosis with high histamine turnover, but these patients reacted with a low mitogen response of the lymphocytes.

Adult↗