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Biomedical subjects

G Roupe

Publications and source records attributed to G Roupe.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

Clinical, immunological and bacteriological evaluation of adverse reactions to skin-penetrating titanium implants in the head and neck region.

Between 1977 and October 1989, 445 patients have been treated with bone-anchored skin-penetrating titanium implants for anchorage of facial prostheses or bone-conducting hearing aids, at the Ear, Nose and Throat Department at Sahlgren's Hospital in Gothenburg. The majority of patients had no adverse skin reactions, while a few patients were responsible for the majority of the adverse reactions. The aim of our study was to analyse differences between these groups. We started a clinical study on 9 patients with a clinical history of adverse skin reactions around the titanium implants and 9 patients without adverse skin reactions were used as controls. None of the patients had delayed hypersensitivity to titanium. Microbiological analyses showed that when there was clinical irritation, Staphylococcus aureus could be isolated.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

Allergic contact dermatitis from diphenylthiourea in Vulkan heat retainers.

11 cases of contact dermatitis from Vulkan heat retainers are reported. The skin eruptions started on days 1-11 after the 1st day of exposure. The clinical picture varied from eczema through urticaria to purpura. In some cases, the symptoms were severe. Patch testing was performed in 10 individuals and all reacted positively to the heat retainer and/or the rubber glue used in the heat retainer. A series of rubber chemicals was patch tested in 7 patients and all showed positive reactions to diphenylthiourea (DPTU), and all but one to ethylene thiourea (ETU). TLC examination revealed a spot with the same RF-value as DPTU in extracts of the adhesive, but no spot corresponding to ETU. There were no indications of impurities in the test preparations of DPTU and ETU. By HPLC, the content of DPTU in the adhesive was determined as 0.6% w/w.

Adhesives↗
PubMed1989

Serum levels of neutrophil and eosinophil chemotactic activities in mastocytosis.

Neutrophil and eosinophil chemotactic activities (NCA and ECA) were measured in serum from twenty-two patients with urticaria pigmentosa or systemic mastocytosis. NCA was also measured after heating serum to 56 degrees C (heat-stable NCA). Although these factors were increased in about half of the patients there was no correlation with histamine release as estimated by the excretion of the main histamine metabolite methylimidazoleacetic acid (MelmAA) in urine. A significant increase in heat-stable NCA, however, was found in patients with pruritus and abnormal high values of MelmAA. It is concluded that only heat-stable NCA is a specific mast cell mediator, but that the heat-labile NCA and ECA are dependent on mast cells for their production by a different cell, tentatively identified as the macrophage.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Trichophyton rubrum abscesses in immunocompromised patients. A case report.

A 72-year-old immunocompromised man with myelodysplastic syndrome who developed multiple erythematous, scaly abscesses like lesions on his left foot and lower leg is described. He also had dry scaly lesions on his soles and lesions on several toe nails. A punch biopsy showed abscesses with fungal elements and Trichophyton rubrum was cultured from skin scales and the biopsy. A diagnosis of T. rubrum abscesses should be suspected in all immunocompromised patients with signs of superficial dermatophyte infection.

Abscess↗
PubMed1987

Amiodarone photoreactions.

Four patients with photoreactions after Amiodarone therapy are described. The action spectrum for photosensitivity was found in the UVA region. Pigmentation seems to be due to wavelengths below 360 nm.

Aged↗
PubMed1987

Biochemical characterization and tissue distribution of the scleredema in a case of Buschke's disease.

Biopsies from a patient with a longstanding form of scleredema adultorum Buschke were analysed for morphological and biochemical changes in the dermal connective tissue. By light microscopy the tissue changes were located to the deep part of the reticular dermis. Therefore dermal tissue was separated into a superficial and a deep part and analysed biochemically. By this procedure it was possible to show that the concentration of hyaluronan in the deep part of the dermis was increased. The urinary excretion of methylimidazole acetic acid, an indicator of the mast cell mass in the body, was also elevated.

Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2↗
PubMed1987

Oral retinoids in mycosis fungoides and Sézary syndrome: a comparison of isotretinoin and etretinate. A study from the Scandinavian Mycosis Fungoides Group.

Thirty-nine patients with mycosis fungoides in various stages or Sézary syndrome were treated with isotretinoin and 29 with etretinate as single drug therapy. Complete remission within 2 months was obtained with isotretinoin in 8 cases (21%) and partial remission in another 15 cases (38%). Etretinate induced complete remission in 5 cases (21%) and partial remission in 11 (46%). Only 1 case with Sézary syndrome went into partial remission. The first sign of remission occurred in 2 to 4 weeks. During continued treatment remissions could not always be maintained. Isotretinoin and etretinate were considered to be of equal potency in the treatment of mycosis fungoides.

Drug Eruptions↗
PubMed1986

Treatment of chronic urticaria with PUVA or UVA plus placebo: a double-blind study.

Chronic urticaria is a disease for which the available range of treatment modalities is limited. Ultraviolet radiation has recently been shown to affect histamine release from mast cells. We therefore studied the effects of PUVA and UVA on chronic urticaria. Nineteen patients took part in the study, which was designed as a randomized double-blind study. Eleven patients received PUVA, and 8 received UVA plus a placebo. In the PUVA group, 7 patients showed improvement, 3 noticed no change, and 1 became worse. In the group that received UVA plus placebo, 5 patients experienced an improvement, whereas the other 3 showed no change. The differences between the groups were not statistically significant. However, the probability of achieving this degree of improvement in both groups just by chance is less than 1%. Consequently, the improvement noted could have been due to either UVA alone or a placebo effect. It is concluded that PUVA is not better than UVA in the treatment of chronic urticaria.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Dermal mast cells in mastocytosis: fixation, distribution and quantitation.

The mast cell distribution and number were studied in skin biopsies of 18 mastocytosis patients and 10 controls. The biopsies were stained for mast cells with toluidine blue at pH 0.5. The number in the upper dermis of lesional abdominal skin was at least twice as high as that of normal adjacent skin. Fixation in iso-osmotic 0.6% formaldehyde and 0.5% acetic acid, revealed more mast cells than conventional 4% formaldehyde fixation. Staining for 5 days, when compared to the normal for 30 min, increased the number of demonstrable mast cells just as did the change in fixation. Conventional formaldehyde fixation thus partially blocks the dye-binding of cutaneous mast cells, about 20% of the cells escaping detection. The degree of aldehyde blocking was similar in lesional and normal skin. A more pronounced blocking of dye-binding has been demonstrated previously in gut mucosal mast cells. Whether the blocking of dye-binding is an expression of heterogeneity in dermal mast cells remains to be determined.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

HLA-antigens and contact hypersensitivity.

The HLA-A, -B -C typing of 100 bricklayers was performed. 50 bricklayers had developed contact allergy to chromium while 50 were healthy bricklayers. The distribution of HLA antigens were equal in the 2 groups.

Chromates↗
PubMed1979

Demonstration of a thymus derived, splenic suppressor cell responsible for the age-dependent decrease in contact hypersensitivity in the adult mouse.

A suppression of contact hypersensitivity to picryl chloride has been demonstrated in adult thymectomized, 4 and 5 1/2 mo-old CBA mice after i.v. injection of spleen cells from intact CBA mice of the same age. The cells signifcantly suppressed the elicitation of the allergic contact sensitivity reaction and this effect could be inhibited by pretreating the cells with anti-Thy 1 serum and complements. The induction phase was found to be unaffected. However, spleen cells from donors which had received an i.v. injection of picryl sulfonic acid suppressed the induction as well as the elicitation phase of the contact dermatitis. On the basis of these results it appears reasonable to conclude that the decline in the ability to develop contact hypersensitivity in aging mice may be due to the development of a splenic suppressor T cell, mainly affecting the elicitation of the contact hypersensitivity reaction.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1979

The cellular infiltrate in contact hypersensitivity to picryl chloride in the mouse.

In the present work, the contact hypersensitivity skin test reaction to picryl chloride in CBA mice was examined. The test was performed by applying the contact allergen to the ear skin and making a series of histological analyses up to 24 hours after challenge. An increment in ear thickness, measured with an engineer's micrometer 24 hours after challenge, was obvious in a group of sensitized mice when compared with a nonsensitized control group, and the difference was found to be highly significant. One hour after challenge, mononuclear cells appeared in the dermis, increasing in numbers during the following 12 hours. At this time, neutrophil granulocytes were the dominant cells in the infiltrate and remained so up to 24 hours after challenge. On the basis of the experiments performed here we conclude that measuring of the ear swelling with a micrometer 24 hours after challenge is a useful and reliable test of contact sensitivity in the mouse.

Allergens↗
PubMed1979

Increased urine histamine after challenge of contact sensitivity in the mouse.

The urinary excretion of histamine was observed daily during the development of contact sensitivity to picryl chloride in the mouse. After challenge, effected by painting the ears, urine histamine increased about four fold, while the histamine content in the ears did not change significantly. It is suggested that during challenge there is a general release of histamine, which may be the result either of an immediate hypersensitivity reaction or an effect of anaphylatoxin formation after complement activation.

Administration, Topical↗
PubMed1978

Modulation of age-related development of contact sensitivity in mice by adult thymectomy.

The effect of adult thymectomy on antibody production and on the development of contact sensitivity to picryl chloride in mice of different ages was studied. An age-dependent decline in the ability to develop contact sensitivity was found to be counteracted by thymectomy. In contrast, antibody production was regularly decreased by thymectomy in mice of all ages. A hypothesis is put forward in which the development of contact sensitivity may be regulated by long-lived thymus-dependent suppressor cells which do not affect antibody formation.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1978

Some immunomodulating factors in allergic contact dermatitis.

The effect of adult thymectomy on antibody production and on the development of contact sensitivity to picryl chloride in mice of different ages was studied. An age-dependent decline in the ability to develop contact sensitivity was found to be counteracted by thymectomy. In contrast, antibody production was regularly decreased by thymectomy in mice of all ages. The results suggest that the development of contact sensitivity is regulated by long-lived thymus-dependent suppressor cells which do not affect antibody formation. In addition, the effect of antibody and of lysolecithin-analogues on the development of contact sensitivity is reported.

Age Factors↗