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Biomedical subjects

G Roupe

Publications and source records attributed to G Roupe.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

Auditory function in early syphilis. A follow up study.

Twenty-six patients with secondary or early latent syphilis were examined by auditory brainstem response (ABR) audiometry and by pure tone audiometry before and after treatment. Normalization was registered in four of seven patients with pathological ABR before treatment. while in three patients the ABR abnormalities remained after treatment. Thirteen patients exhibited a sensorineural hearing-loss before treatment. In two patients this hearing-loss improved after treatment and a syphilitic etiology seems plausible. The reversible lesions in the auditory system may be related to asymptomatic syphilitic meningitis. Permanent ABR abnormalities might reflect syphilitic vascular involvement in the brainstem.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

Studies on histamine metabolism in mastocytosis.

The urinary excretion of histamine and its main metabolite, 1-methyl-4-imidazoleacetic acid (MeImAA), was determined in 30 adult patients with the clinical diagnosis of urticaria pigmentosa (UP). Clinical and laboratory investigations including skin histology, bone marrow examination, and scintigraphy of the skeleton, liver, and spleen revealed systemic manifestations in 14 cases. Among the 16 cases with dermal proliferation of mast cells only 3 cases classified as telangiectasia macularis eruptiva perstans (TMEP). All patients with systemic mastocytosis and UP excreted increased amounts of MeImAA in the urine while normal amounts were found in 2 of the patients with TMEP. A significant correlation existed between MeImAA excretion and the extent of mast cell infiltration in skin and internal organs. No such correlation was found for urinary histamine. Urinary MeImAA but not histamine is therefore considered a useful indicator of systemic involvement by reflecting the size of the mast cell histamine pool. The main symptom of the patients was pruritus, which was moderate to severe in 17 and mild or absent in 13 cases. Gastrointestinal symptoms were present in 14 patients. However, there was no obvious correlation between the excretion of MeImAA and any of the symptoms recorded. Neither was the severity of pruritus correlated to the histamine content of the skin, which was measured in both lesional and unaffected skin in 23 of the patients. Thus, symptoms possibly caused by histamine in mastocytosis patients are not directly related to urinary histamine metabolite excretion or tissue histamine content.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Effect of antihistamins (H1 and H2), cortisone and beta-adrenergic stimulator on murine contact sensitivity and histamine metabolism.

A study on the influence of histamine receptor blockade, beta-adrenergic stimulation and cortisone on murine cutaneous inflammation and histamine metabolism has been performed. Cortisone was found to reduce the inflammation and urinary histamine excretion while histamine receptor blockade and beta-adrenergic stimulation did not influence the reaction. A good correlation existed between inflammation and urinary histamine excretion in all experiments. Contact sensitivity in the mouse was not found to be transferable with serum indicating that humoral antibodies play no essential role in this reaction in the mouse. On the basis of these results it is suggested that basophils might participate in murine contact sensitivity.

Adrenergic beta-Agonists↗
PubMed1983

Central nervous system involvement in early syphilis. Part 1. Intrathecal immunoglobulin production.

The immunological activity in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) was studied in 47 patients with early syphilis. The immunoglobulin production within the central nervous system (CNS) was estimated by analysing immunoglobulin G and albumin in CSF and serum and constructing an IgG index according to Tibbling et al. and calculating daily CNS IgG synthesis, according to Tourtellotte. In 10 (21%) of the 47 patients, intrathecal immunoglobulin production was observed. The immunoglobulin production within the CNS was significantly correlated to the presence of syphilis antibodies and to pleocytosis. Eight of the patients demonstrated oligoclonal bands on electrophoresis. Total protein usually did not reveal an increased CNS immunoglobulin production but reflected a blood-brain barrier lesion. One year after penicillin treatment, 2 out of 9 patients still had slight intrathecal immunoglobulin production.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Central nervous system involvement in early syphilis. Part II. Correlation between auditory brain stem responses (ABR) and cerebrospinal fluid abnormalities.

Twenty-six consecutive patients with secondary or early latent syphilis, all with normal neurological findings, were studied with auditory brainstem responses (ABR), cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis and an assay for immune complexes in serum and CSF. Seven of the 26 patients studied had a pathological ABR pattern and 14 had one or more pathological CSF tests. Fifteen patients had circulating immune complexes in serum. No patient had demonstrable immune complexes in CSF. A significant correlation was found between an abnormal ABR pattern and pathological CSF findings--but not between pathological ABR and presence of immune complexes. ABR seems to be a sensitive method for detection of early asymptomatic CNS involvement in syphilis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

Increased urinary methylimidazoleacetic acid (MelmAA) as an indicator of systemic mastocytosis.

The urinary excretion of histamine and its main metabolite, methylimidazoleacetic acid (MelmAA), was determined in 25 adult patients with the clinical diagnosis of urticaria pigmentosa (UP). Extensive clinical and laboratory investigation, including skin histology, bone marrow examination and scintigraphy of skeleton, liver and spleen, implied systemic manifestations in 16 cases. All patients with systemic mastocytosis (SM) excreted abnormal amounts of MelmAA (greater than 4.1 mg/24 h) and most of them 8.0 mg or more per day, while histamine excretion was increased in only nine (greater than 40 microgram/24 h). Thus, the urine content of MelmAA, but not histamine, could differentiate between UP and SM. Severe pruritus was found concomitant with increased urinary MelmAA and indicated systemic mastocytosis.

Bone Marrow Cells↗
PubMed1982

Inhibitory effect of transplanted syngeneic thymus fragments, thymus epithelium and thymocytes on the increased contact sensitivity reaction in the adult thymectomized mouse.

Thymectomy in the adult mouse leads to an increased ability to develop contact sensitivity. The effect of different types of thymus grafts to adult thymectomized mice on contact sensitivity was studied in the present investigation. An inhibition was observed after transplantation either of uncultured thymus tissue, cultured thymus epithelium or of thymocytes. The results of the study favor the hypothesis that a continuous production of suppressor cells regulates contact sensitivity in the adult mouse.

Aging↗
PubMed1981

Decreased urinary histamine metabolite after successful PUVA treatment of urticaria pigmentosa.

The effect of PUVA therapy on pruritus, the skin mast cell population and histamine metabolism has been studied in 3 patients with urticaria pigmentosa and manifestations of systemic mastocytosis. Relief of itch was found concomitant with a significant decrease of the major histamine metabolite 1-methyl-4-imidazoleacetic acid in the urine. The decrease occurred during the first 2 mo after starting PUVA therapy and was sustained during an observation period of 3 mo after discontinuation of the treatment. At this time a reduction of the number of mast cells was found in skin biopsy specimens. No evidence of acute histamine release in association with PUVA treatment was obtained. These results suggest that this effective new treatment for urticaria pigmentosa reduces the histamine turnover in the skin by inhibiting mast cell proliferation.

Aged↗
PubMed1981

Auditory brain-stem responses in syphilis.

Analysis of auditory brain-stem electrical responses (BSER) provides an effective means of detecting lesions in the auditory pathways. In the present study the wave patterns were analysed in 11 patients with secondary or latent syphilis with no clinical symptoms referrable to the central nervous system and in two patients with congenital syphilis and general paralysis. Decreased amplitudes and prolonged latencies occurred frequently in patients with secondary and with advanced syphilis. This technique is a notable diagnostic advance in detecting syphilitic damage of the brain stem.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Effect of adult thymectomy on the development of 1-chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene contact sensitivity and other T lymphocyte functions in patients with myasthenia gravis.

1-Chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene (DNCB) contact sensitivity and other T lymphocyte functions were studied in thymectomized and non-thymectomized patients with myasthenia gravis. The ability to develop contact sensitivity was reduced in patients with myasthenia gravis and was further reduced after thymectomy. Memory lymphocyte function, as measured by skin tests with common microbial antigens, was intact. A positive phytohemagglutinin (PHA) skin test was found mainly in those patients who also developed contact sensitivity to DNCB. The number of rosette-forming T cells in the peripheral blood as well as mitogen stimulation with PHA was found to be normal in thymectomized as well as non-thymectomized patients. In the thymectomized group, mitogen stimulation with concanavalin A and staphylococcal protein A was also within the normal range, while increased stimulation was obtained with pokeweed mitogen (PWM) and purified protein derivative (PPD). No alteration in mixed lymphocyte culture reactivity or immunoglobulin levels was obtained compared with healthy blood donors. On the basis of these results, it is concluded that non-thymectomized as well as thymectomized patients with myasthenia gravis may have a defective subpopulation of T cells possibly residing in the TH1-positive population. Furthermore, the increased lymphocyte stimulation obtained with PPD and PWM may indicate a reduction of suppressor cell activity after thymectomy.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

Combination chemotherapy in the tumour stage of mycosis fungoides with cyclophosphamide, vincristine, vp-16, adriamycin and prednisolone (cop, chop, cavop): a report from the Scandinavian mycosis fungoides study group.

Combination chemotherapy with cyclophosphamide, vincristine, VP-16, adriamycin and prednisolone was given in 9 cases of mycosis fungoides in the tumor stage; 3 of these patients received COP, one received CHOP, and 5 CAVOP. Complete remission was obtained in one case and partial remission in 5, the response rate thus being 6/9. It was impossible, however, to maintain remission. The treatment was reduced or withdrawn owing to toxic effects in 4 cases. These forms of combination chemotherapy are beneficial in non-Hodgkin lymphomas but do not seem to be of value in the tumour stage of mycosis fungoides.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

HLA-antigens and contact hypersensitivity.

The HLA-A, -B -C typing of 100 bricklayers was performed. 50 bricklayers had developed contact allergy to chromium while 50 were healthy bricklayers. The distribution of HLA antigens were equal in the 2 groups.

Chromates↗
PubMed1979

Demonstration of a thymus derived, splenic suppressor cell responsible for the age-dependent decrease in contact hypersensitivity in the adult mouse.

A suppression of contact hypersensitivity to picryl chloride has been demonstrated in adult thymectomized, 4 and 5 1/2 mo-old CBA mice after i.v. injection of spleen cells from intact CBA mice of the same age. The cells signifcantly suppressed the elicitation of the allergic contact sensitivity reaction and this effect could be inhibited by pretreating the cells with anti-Thy 1 serum and complements. The induction phase was found to be unaffected. However, spleen cells from donors which had received an i.v. injection of picryl sulfonic acid suppressed the induction as well as the elicitation phase of the contact dermatitis. On the basis of these results it appears reasonable to conclude that the decline in the ability to develop contact hypersensitivity in aging mice may be due to the development of a splenic suppressor T cell, mainly affecting the elicitation of the contact hypersensitivity reaction.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1979

The cellular infiltrate in contact hypersensitivity to picryl chloride in the mouse.

In the present work, the contact hypersensitivity skin test reaction to picryl chloride in CBA mice was examined. The test was performed by applying the contact allergen to the ear skin and making a series of histological analyses up to 24 hours after challenge. An increment in ear thickness, measured with an engineer's micrometer 24 hours after challenge, was obvious in a group of sensitized mice when compared with a nonsensitized control group, and the difference was found to be highly significant. One hour after challenge, mononuclear cells appeared in the dermis, increasing in numbers during the following 12 hours. At this time, neutrophil granulocytes were the dominant cells in the infiltrate and remained so up to 24 hours after challenge. On the basis of the experiments performed here we conclude that measuring of the ear swelling with a micrometer 24 hours after challenge is a useful and reliable test of contact sensitivity in the mouse.

Allergens↗
PubMed1979

Increased urine histamine after challenge of contact sensitivity in the mouse.

The urinary excretion of histamine was observed daily during the development of contact sensitivity to picryl chloride in the mouse. After challenge, effected by painting the ears, urine histamine increased about four fold, while the histamine content in the ears did not change significantly. It is suggested that during challenge there is a general release of histamine, which may be the result either of an immediate hypersensitivity reaction or an effect of anaphylatoxin formation after complement activation.

Administration, Topical↗
PubMed1978

Modulation of age-related development of contact sensitivity in mice by adult thymectomy.

The effect of adult thymectomy on antibody production and on the development of contact sensitivity to picryl chloride in mice of different ages was studied. An age-dependent decline in the ability to develop contact sensitivity was found to be counteracted by thymectomy. In contrast, antibody production was regularly decreased by thymectomy in mice of all ages. A hypothesis is put forward in which the development of contact sensitivity may be regulated by long-lived thymus-dependent suppressor cells which do not affect antibody formation.

Age Factors↗