Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

G Rossi

Publications and source records attributed to G Rossi.

At least 595 records · Page 33Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

Quantitative lymphoscintigraphy.

A radioisotopic method was used to evaluate the state and dynamics of the lymphatic system in 92 patients affected by chronic oedema of the limbs and in 12 control subjects. After interstitial injections of 99mTc-sulphur microcolloid, scans were obtained using a LFOV camera linked to a data processor. The quantitative indices of clearance and lymph node uptake obtained showed good correlation with lymphoedema etiology, controls and ostensibly healthy limbs of patients affected by monolateral disease. In conclusion, quantitative lymphoscintigraphy appears to be a feasible indicator of early changes in the lymph pathophysiology and supports the hypothesis that lymphoedema generally arises from a predisposing congenital pathology.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

Serotonin regulation of aldosterone secretion.

The circulating levels of aldosterone (A), cortisol (F), prolactin, ACTH and potassium and the PRA were studied in 8 (6 males and 2 females) healthy normotensive subjects after 5-hydroxy-tryptophan (5OHT), or pizotifen (Piz) or placebo oral administration. In the same subjects 5OHT was administered twice: after placebo and after dexamethasone pretreatment. The results showed a significant increase of A, ACTH and F after 5OHT plus placebo administration without any change of PRA, potassium or prolactin levels; dexamethasone pretreatment suppressed ACTH and F but was uneffective on the response of A to 5OHT. Only A levels showed a significant decrease after Piz administration, the other studied parameters were unaffected by the blockade of the 5HT2 receptors by Piz. The administration of placebo induced a slight but not significant decrease of the studied parameters. Our results suggest the existence of a physiologic serotonergic control of A secretion, a pituitary factor could be one of the putative links between the central serotonergic activation and the adrenal secretory response.

5-Hydroxytryptophan↗
PubMed1988

Relationships between lung computed tomographic density, gas exchange, and PEEP in acute respiratory failure.

Twenty-two patients with acute respiratory failure underwent lung computed tomography (CT) and physiological measurements at 5, 10, and 15 cm H2O positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) to investigate the relationship between morphology and function. Lung densities were primarily concentrated in the dependent regions. From the frequency distribution of CT numbers (difference in x-ray attenuation between water and lung) and lung gas volume measurements the authors obtained a quantitative estimate of normally inflated, poorly inflated, and non-inflated lung tissue weight. This estimated average lung weight was increased twofold above normal and excess lung weight correlated with the mean pulmonary artery pressure (P less than 0.01). Venous admixture correlated with the non-inflated tissue mass (P less than 0.01). Increasing PEEP caused progressive clearing of radiographic densities and increased the mass of normally inflated tissue (anatomic recruitment), while reducing venous admixture. The cardiac index decreased after increasing PEEP while oxygen delivery was unchanged. The authors conclude that CT scan lung density and oxygen exchange efficiency are correlated; the main effect of augmenting PEEP is to recruit perfused alveolar units that were previously collapsed.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1988

Oral thyrotropin-releasing hormone treatment in inherited ataxias.

We studied the effectiveness of orally administered thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) (40 mg/day) for 10 days against placebo in 11 patients with hereditary ataxias (HA). All patients completed the trial and none reported any noticeable side effects. A clinical rating scale for inherited ataxias and the Northwestern University Disability Scale for clinical disability showed no significant variation over the duration of the study. Manual dexterity, studied with the peg board test, showed a significant improvement after TRH compared with basal values, which persisted after washout. Eye movement alterations, as revealed by electroculography were reduced after TRH and washout when compared with placebo and basal scores. Hormonal monitoring showed only a transitory effect on the hypothalamus-hypophysis-thyroid axis. These results demonstrate that orally administered TRH has a mild but significant effect only on some cerebellar symptoms in HA.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1988

Fibrinolytic effects of urokinase and heparin in acute pulmonary embolism: a randomized clinical trial.

Dissolution of pulmonary emboli with heparin and urokinase is ascribed, respectively, to anticoagulation and fibrinolysis. Since truly independent assessment of these effects in man is lacking, we administered each drug alone. Fibrinogen and plasminogen plasma levels and the resolution of pulmonary emboli were measured in three randomized groups of 10 patients each: groups A and C infused with small repeated doses of urokinase and a large single dose of urokinase, respectively, and group B who received heparin. After 6 h of treatment, fibrinogen fell in all the groups, while, after 12 h, remained equally reduced in groups A and B and declined further in group C. Plasminogen behaved similarly. Up to 60 h, statistical analysis showed that these effects were related to timing and amounts of urokinase and heparin infusion. These observations suggest that heparin may induce a lytic state. As to signs of pulmonary emboli resolution, no differences between groups were found in lung perfusion and gas exchange recovery at any time (from 1 day to 1 year) and in pulmonary artery pressure reduction at 1 week. The greater angiographic and scintigraphic recovery observed with urokinase, versus heparin alone, after 1 day of treatment in the Urokinase Pulmonary Embolism Trial may be ascribed to a synergistic effect with urokinase of heparin administered during the diagnostic work-out. The indications of heparin and urokinase should be evaluated in the light of these results.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1988

Admission to general hospital psychiatric wards in Italy. 1. A comparison between two catchment areas with differing provision of outpatient care.

Epidemiological comparisons carried out in Italian settings regarded very different areas. In this paper, we investigate the effects on the hospital activity of two different organizational models of care in two neighbouring areas in Northern Italy, Cremona and Mantua, very similar in sociodemographic features. Cremona is hospital oriented, while Mantua has well developed community services. All the patients of the catchment areas admitted during 1986 were studied. Age distribution for males, marital status, education and percentage of employed were very similar in the two samples. However, age distribution and mean age at the time of the first ever psychiatric admission for females were different, as well as the percentage of patients living alone and the percentage of patients discharged home. But the cogent finding was the number of admissions, much higher in Cremona than in Mantua, especially for some age groups. Some explanations of this strong difference, regarding two neighbouring and similar areas, are discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

[Pancreatic cystic neoplasms. Echographic-CT aspects and differential diagnosis].

Cystic neoplasms of the pancreas are rare lesions. Following the Compagno-Oertel classification, we differentiated serous microcystic adenomas (SMA) from mucinous macrocystic adenomas/adenocarcinomas (MMA). The former are benign tumors with slow growth, composed by innumerable small and tiny cysts with central calcifications, resulting in a "honeycomb" pattern. They have a mixed US structure while CT densitometric values reflect a mixture of connective tissue and proteinaceous fluid. Postcontrast enhancement is frequently seen. MMA are potential (adenoma) or frankly (adenocarcinoma) malignant tumors. They appear as multilocular cystic masses containing septa and/or papillary bulges, with thickened walls. Both US and CT demonstrate their predominantly cystic character, and the eventual presence of excrescences. We report a series of 23 cases (6 SMA, 17 MMA) of cystic neoplasms of the pancreas studied during the past five years. A correct diagnosis of SMA was possible in all 6 cases, while MMA was correctly diagnosed in 17 out of 18 cases. There were no false negatives, and 1 false positive. All differential diagnoses are also discussed.

Adenocarcinoma, Mucinous↗