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Biomedical subjects

G Rossi

Publications and source records attributed to G Rossi.

At least 577 records · Page 32Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

Arginine vasopressin secretion in non-obese women with polycystic ovary syndrome.

Arginine vasopressin responses to osmotic (0.1 ml.kg-1.min-1 NaCl), orthostatic (standing upright and maintenance of orthostatic position for 20 min), and hypoglycemic (0.15 IU/kg insulin) stimuli were evaluated in women with polycystic ovaries and in normal subjects. Blood dehydroepiandrosterone, dehydroepiandrosterone sulphate, androstenedione, testosterone, cortisol, and endogenous insulin levels were significantly higher in women with polycystic ovaries than in controls, whereas estrone, estradiol-17 beta, progesterone and 17OH-progesterone concentrations were normal in all subjects. Arginine vasopressin basal levels (mean +/- SEM of 3 test days; women with polycystic ovaries: 2.8 +/- 0.2 pmol/l; controls: 2.7 +/- 0.2 pmol/l) and secretory responses to orthostatic (mean peaks 100% higher than baseline values) and to hypertonic (130% increments) stimuli were similar in the two groups. Arginine vasopressin responses to hypoglycemia were lower in women with polycystic ovaries (50% increment) than in controls (150% increment), although comparable blood glucose decrements and GH or cortisol increments were found in the two groups. Arginine vasopressin peak responses to hypoglycemia were negatively correlated to testosterone, androstenedione, and endogenous insulin levels, but did not correlate with basal and hypoglycemia-induced peak cortisol concentrations or with circulating levels of other steroids. These data indicate a hypothalamic posterior pituitary disorder affecting arginine vasopressin response to insulin-induced hypoglycemia in women with polycystic ovaries syndrome associated with elevated blood androgen and insulin concentrations.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Are delayed evoked oto-acoustic emissions (DEOE) solely the outcome of an active intracochlear mechanism?

Post-mumps and post-measles hearing losses are a result of the destruction of Corti's organ. Both the basilar and the Reissner membranes are unimpaired. In 11 subjects with post-mumps (8 cases) and post-measles (3 cases) unilateral anacusis, DEOE with a mean amplitude lower than that of the contralateral normal ear with the same sensation level were observed with 0.5, 1 and 2 kHz tone-bursts and air conduction stimulation. These findings lend credit to the view that DEOE could in part be produced by a passive intracochlear mechanism, probably a consequence of the basilar membrane travelling wave induced by the displacement of the perilymph. In a normal ear, this passive mechanism could be superimposed by an active mechanism linked to the contractile activity of the outer hair cells (OHC) which modulates and increases the travelling wave depth.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

[Incidental carcinoma of the prostate].

The purpose of this study has been to establish the possible presence of incidental carcinoma among men with benign prostatic hyperplasia. During the period 1983-1987, 954 patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia, have been undergone transvesical prostatectomy. Prostatic tissue has been studied with sagittal sections. Sections on the surgical specimens were taking every 0.5 Cm. In this way we have obtained from 6 to 15 sections in every prostate gland for microscopic examination. The incidence of incidental carcinoma of the prostate was found to be 5.45 per cent and it represent 24.88 per cent of all prostatic adenocarcinomas.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

[Usefulness of repeated measurement of plasma levels of gentamycin].

We monitored plasma levels of gentamycin in 28 patients being treated for different infectious processes. The mean age was 53.7 years. Drug dose and administration was determined by the treating physician, without knowledge of plasma levels. Peak and through levels were measured by RIA after the third and 7th dose. No patient had adequate therapeutic levels throughout the treatment period and 6 were therapeutic failures. Patients with renal insufficiency frequently had toxic plasma levels. Monitoring gentamycin plasma levels is recommended for all patients receiving the drug, especially those with renal insufficiency or therapeutic failure.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

[Xerography of diseases caused by microcrystalline deposits].

In this work, the authors have pointed out the role of xeroradiography in the diagnostic assessment of joint disorders associated to dystrophic microcalcifications (gout, pseudogout, acute calcific periarthritis). Within this class of pathology, the physical and technical characteristics of xeroradiography imaging (side-effect; showing of details; wide range of x-ray exposition; small density differences) are capable to depict all the joints and related structures involved. In addition particular attention was paid to drew out the joint disorders associated to dystrophic microcalcifications from the vague and non specific term of "arthropathy".

Calcinosis↗
PubMed1989

[The nephrotoxicity of ionic and nonionic contrast media in urography. An evaluation with immunoenzyme technics and monoclonal antibodies].

The nephrotoxicity of ionic and nonionic contrast media (cm) was evaluated in 52 patients undergoing pyelography. The contrast media were i.v. injected in 30'. Urine samples were collected before, 2 and 48 hours after the injection. Urinary albumin (alb) and retinol binding protein (RBP) excretion was evaluated by immunoenzymatic methods; alb and RBP were considered as indicators of glomerular permeability and of tubular reabsorption, respectively. The urinary excretion of brush-border antigen of proximal tubule (BBA) was also measured, as an indicator of microtissue damage, by a sensitive double-antibody ELISA with monoclonal antibodies. The results demonstrate ionic cm to have greater functional effects than nonionic ones, as suggested by the increased urinary excretion of both alb and RBP. However, tubular damage seemed to be more severe with nonionic agents, as suggested by BBA excretion. Although toxic damage had little significance for the patients' health, long-term effects are not to be excluded.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Behaviour and confidence of parents instructed in home management of febrile seizures by rectal diazepam.

The study was performed on a group of 91 children with their first febrile convulsion whose parents were then instructed in the use of rectal diazepam in the event of a further seizure. later, the families were periodically recalled for interviews. The aim was to study the acceptance and cooperation of the families, the psychological attitude and the relation between the findings and parents' educational level. At the end of the follow-up, 80% of the 91 families showed good cooperation and psychological benefits. There was no relationship between the findings at the end of the follow-up and families' educational level. Even in the presence of a favorable psychological attitude, recurrences of febrile convulsions were still a frightening experience for many parents.

Administration, Rectal↗
PubMed1989

[Evaluation of the absorbed dosage in Compton tomography].

Tomographic images with electronic density can be obtained by irradiation with a monoenergetic beam and detection of the scattered Compton photons. The results of a dosimetric study on the beam of an irradiating Compton unit (equipped with two 192Ir 277.5 GBq sources) are here presented. Doses along the central axis of the beam were measured using thermoluminescent LIF-100 dosimeters. Measurements were taken both in water (RFA-3 Therados) and in cork phantoms. Isodose distributions were estimated by reading the automatic photo-densitometry of radiographic films. A simple algorithm for calculating depth dose values was obtained by analyzing experimental data. The mean absorbed dose (mad) in soft tissues (up to 25 cm deep) was 2.81 mGy for a work load of 7.4 X 10(11) Bq min. The mad in standard thorax was calculated also, which amounted to 3.78 mGy.

Absorption↗