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Biomedical subjects

G Plewig

Publications and source records attributed to G Plewig.

At least 289 records · Page 16Linked to original sources
PubMed1980

[13-cis-Retinoic acid. Pharmacologic and toxicologic findings in treatment of severe forms of acne (author's transl)].

This study shows that severe acne is characterized by numerous inflammatory parameters. The group of acne tetrad patients differed from those with conglobate acne in many laboratory measurements. The treatment with 13-cis-retinoic acid was well tolerated by all patients. Sebum suppression and an exfoliative cheilitis occurred in all patients, but no headache and no loss hair. Numerous previously pathological blood chemical values were normalized during the treatment. Transaminases, alkaline phosphatase, triglycerides and total cholesterol did not rise noticeably, trichological and spermatological parameters were not affected by 13-cis-retinoic acid. In an in vivo epicutaneous potassium iodide inflammation model, it was possible to demonstrate for the first time the anti-inflammatory action of 13-cis-retinoic acid.

Acne Vulgaris↗
PubMed1980

[Effects of the aromatic retinoid Ro 10-9359 and of 13-cis retinoic acid Ro 4-3780 on the size of sebaceous glands in the Syrian hamster].

An aromatic retinoid (Ro 10-9359) in 13-cis retinoic acid (Ro 4-3780) were fed by gastric tube to 170 male adult Syrian hamsters daily for 30 days. A low dose of 1 or 2 mg/kg and a high dose of 20 mg/kg body weight were selected. The effects of both retinoids on the sebaceous glands were assessed planimetrically (15 glands in each animal) using the sebaceous follicle on the ventral side of the earlobes or, in some experiments, the flank organ. Depending on time, the high dose of 20 mg/kg of both retinoids led to a significant diminution of sebaceous follicles from 0.0295 to 0.0125 mm2 (P less than or equal to 0.0005). Clinically, the fur of the animals became very rough and dry. The lower dose of 1 or 2 mg/kg of neither the aromatic retinoid nor the 13-cis retinoic acid led to a significant reduction of sebaceous acini. The fur remained clinically shiny and greasy. The different effects of both compounds in this animal model compared to the human is discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Autoradiographic and planimetric analyses of the inflammatory infiltrate in psoriatic lesions under PUVA-therapy.

The effects of oral 8-methoxypsoralen-photochemotherapy (PUVA-therapy) on the inflammatory infiltrate in 14 psoriatic skin lesions and on normal skin of 7 controls were investigated by means of autoradiography and planimetry. Under PUVA-therapy, one finds a significant decrease in dermal cells per millimeter lesion in psoriasis. Percentage of 3H-TdR-labeled dermal cells in the lesions and total number of dermal cells in the control group do not change significantly. The relative decrease of dermal cells per millimeter lesion in psoriasis is far less significant than the reduction of 3H-TdR-labeled epidermal cells under PUVA-therapy.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

PUVA-treatment for solar urticaria and persistent light reaction.

A technique is described to successfully treat patients with extreme sensitivity to UV electromagnetic wave lengths with photochemotherapy. Representative data from a patient with solar urticaria and two patients with persistent light reaction are given. Prior to treatment the threshold doses for UV-C, UV-B, and UV-A were determined. Photochemotherapy was performed with standard 8-methoxypsoralen-UV-A (PUVA) schedules. Initial treatments were very difficult because of the extreme UV-sensitivity in all patients. Once pigmentation was induced, PUVA-treatments were easy to perform. All patients became almost free of symptoms and were able, for the first time in years, to resume normal outdoor activities. Remission was long-lasting. Photochemotherapy is offered as a new effective means to alleviate the symptoms of disabling photodermatoses.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Inhibitory effects of 13-cis-retinoic acid on human sebaceous glands.

The effects of 13-cis-retinoic acid, which is clinically very effective in the treatment of severe acne, on sebaceous glands in humans was studied by means of histology, planimetry, and autoradiography. Histologically and planimetrically, one finds a marked decrease of size of sebaceous glands of up to 90% of the pretreatment values after 12 weeks of treatment. Additionally, the ratio of the so-called "differentiating cell pool (DCP)" vs. the so-called "undifferentiating cell pool (UCP)" changed from 2:1 to 1:7, probably indicating a disturbance of differentiation (lipid-production) of sebocytes. The labeling index of sebocytes also regressed significantly under therapy with 13-cis-retinoic acid.

Acne Vulgaris↗
PubMed1980

In vivo autoradiography and planimetry of epidermis in psoriatics under PUVA-therapy.

The effects of oral 8-methoxypsoralen-photochemotherapy (PUVA)-therapy) on involved epidermis of nine psoriatics and on normal skin of four control subjects was investigated by means of in vivo autoradiography and planimetry. Under PUVA-therapy there is a significant decrease of 3H-TdR labeled cells per epidermal cross-sectional surface, per length of basal membrane and per length of epidermal surface. There is also a significant decrease of epidermal thickness. In the initial phase of PUVA-therapy the decrease of 3H-TdR labeled cells is the most pronounced. The reduction of epidermal thickness is less than the decrease of 3H-TdR labeled cells.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Morphology of corneocytes from human nail plates.

A technique is described which permits the isolation of individual corneocytes from the superficial layers of the human nail plates. Tesa-film D is used to strip off the cells. The tape is mounted on a glass slide, stained with a mixture of methylene blue and rhodamine B. The parameters were size (surface mu2), shape (regular, irregular), nuclear inclusions and trabeculae. Specimens were obtained from 3 groups of patients (finger- and toe nails): (1) 60 healthy subjects with normal nails, males and females, in 3 age-groups (babies, adults, aged); (2) 10 patients with fast growing nails with psoriasis vulgaris and psoriatic nail involvement; (3) 9 patients with slow growing nails with lichen planus with nail involvement including one patient with Zinser-Engman-Cole-syndrome (dyskeratosis congenita). The nail growth rate was determined with a dissecting microscope-technique. Corneocytes of the dorsal nail plates of normal nails are of irregular polyedrical shape, not nucleated and show distinct but irregular trabecular network. Within each age-group, corneocytes are of rather uniform size but increase significantly (p less than or equal to .001) with age (e.g., thumbin males: 597 vs. 920 vs. 1008 mu2). Accelerated nail plate growth results in smaller corneocytes, and slowed down nail plate growth in larger corneocytes. It is concluded that cell proliferation (and abnormal keratinization) has a measurable effect on the size of corneocytes from the nail plates.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

Contact allergy to 8-methyxypsoralen.

A 20-year-old male patient was treated topically with 8-methoxypsoralen and long-wave ultraviolet light (UV-A) for alopecia areata. He developed contact allergy to 8-methoxypsoralen after the sixth treatment (day 17), which was verified by patch testing and histopathology.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Sebaceous trichofolliculoma.

Sebaceous trichofolliculoma, a hitherto unrecognized variant of trichofolliculoma, is a clinically and histologically easily recognizable tumor of higher than usual differentiation. Clinical features, histology, differential diagnosis and therapy are presented, using as a basis three patients (all male, ages 21, 36, and 51). Clinically, sebaceous trichofolliculomas occur in sebaceous follicle-rich areas (in all three cases here, the nose). They are skin-colored, centrally depressed lesions of 4--12 mm in diameter. Lateral borders and depth of hamartoma cannot be sharply delineated. Thick terminal hairs, vellus-hairs and occasional trichoids protrude from a fistula-like opening. No connecting tract to paranasal sinus and no bony destruction were found using radiopaque techniques. Histologically, the sebaceous trichofolliculoma has a characteristic pattern. It is a hamartomatous growth, with a rather large central cavity or sinus and with secondary branches, all keratinizing. The cavity is filled with loose epidermoid corneocytes, trichilemmal-like cellular debris, and hairs. Many strikingly large sebaceous follicles (unlike the picture in sebaceous ducts, follicular infundibula, and hair-follicle units. Terminal hair-follicles and vellus hair-follicles are found in various stages of the hair growth-cycle. There is usually no inflammation. Differential clinical diagnosis includes dermoid cysts and congenital fistulas (which may have widespread cords, sacs or ducts to the paranasal structures). Histological differentiation should include trichofolliculoma, pilar sheath acanthoma, dilated pore, circumscribed sebaceous gland hyperplasia, and steatocystoma multiplex. Therapy consists of surgical excision.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

[Keratosis palmaris et plantaris areata Siemens. Therapeutic experiments with aromatic retinoid Ro 10-9359].

A family is presented with keratosis palmoplantaris areata Siemens in four generations. The hyperkeratotic plaques did not responds satisfactorily to treatment with aromatic retinoid Ro 10-9359. Therapy had to be discontinued because of side-effects. Proliferation-retention hyperkeratosis without epidermolytic features may not respond properly to aromatic retinoid treatment.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

[Rosacea. Oral therapy with 13-cis retinoic acid].

Severe forms of rosacea are a new indication for the treatment with 13-cis retinoic acid. Results of therapy and duration of remission were in five patients, treated in this way, much better than compared to standard therapeutic measurements.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

[Classification of follicular cysts: epidermal cysts including Günther sebocystomatosis, steatocystoma multiplex and trichilemmal cysts].

The clinical and histopathological nomenclature of various follicle-derived cysts is confusing. A uniform terminology, based on histopathological criteria is proposed. Cysts may develop from vellus follicles, sebaceous follicles, and terminal hair follicles. The various sections from each follicle may give rise to various types of cysts: 1. the infundibulum to epidermal cysts (e.g. epidermal cysts, comedones, milia, and scrotal cysts); 2. the sebaceous ducts and sebaceous acini to steatocystoma multiplex; 3. the infraglandular portion of the infrainfundibulum to trichilemmal cysts (atheromas). A clinical variant of epidermal cysts, the scrotal cysts, at times incorrectly called sebocystomatosis Günther, is described in 10 patients. For all types of cysts clinical and histopathological guidelines are offered.

Cysts↗
PubMed1979

[Oral treatment with tretinoin: andrological, trichological, ophthalmological findings and effects on acne (author's transl)].

Twelve patients (20 +/- 2 years) with acne vulgaris were treated orally with 20-30 mg/day tretinoin (vitamin A acid) over 90-300 days. Various laboratory tests were performed to rule out unwanted pharmacological side effects. Tretinoin therapy was well tolerated except for minor complaints of dryness around the mucous membranes of mouth and nose. The acne remained unchanged. All laboratory tests were unremarkable except for a significant rise of ejaculate volume. Other sperm parameters, trichological, ophthalmological as well as blood and urine analyses showed no measurable effects of tretinoin therapy.

Acne Vulgaris↗
PubMed1979

[Semen analysis under photochemotherapy (PUVA-therapy) (author's transl)].

In 9 male patients with psoriasis vulgaris a semen analysis before and during photochemotherapy with 8-methoxypsoralen and UVA (PUVA) was performed to rule out drug-induced toxic damage of spermatogenesis or impairment of fertility due to scrotal hyperthermia. Two hours after oral application of 40--60 mg 8-methoxypsoralen the patients had been irradiated in UVA high intensity treatment units. PUVA-treatments were performed four times weekly until total body clearing was achieved. For complete remission 13--26 (mean 20.5) PUVA-treatments were necessary. Corresponding total UVA-doses were 35.3--191.0 (mean 83.2) Joule/cm2. The investigated parameters total motility, progressive motility, spermatozoa density, total spermatozoa count, spermatozoa morphology, and seminal plasma fructose remained unchanged. Only the volume of the ejaculate showed a small decrease during 3 months of therapy. From this pilot study there is no evidence that PUVA-therapy leads to an impairment of fertility in male patients within their reproductive age.

Humans↗
PubMed1979

[Chronic mercury poisoning following topical application of skin bleachers (author's transl)].

In two female patients chronic mercurialism following topical application of skin bleachers for the treatment of freckles was diagnosed. Over 20 to 25 years 3 to 10% mercurial ointments were applied twice daily. Recurrent attacks of headache, dyspnoea and abdominal colic-like cramps had lead repeatedly to emergency hospitalisations, multiple medical check-ups and surgical exploratory procedures. The diagnosis of mercurialism was made clinically because of a slate-grayish skin hyperpigmentation in the presence of freckles, and the drug-history. Metallic deposits in facial biopsies were demonstrated by electron microscopy. On admission 15.4 microgram% and 5.0 microgram % total Hg respectively were found in the two patients (normal values up to 2.0 microgram %). Following D-penicillamine treatment the mercury excretion via the urine could be elevated up to 25 microgram %. Neither the slate-gray facial discoloration nor the neurasthenic complaints were affected by this therapeutic trial. In one patient, a maculo-papular drug-induced skin rash to D-penicillamine developed. Persistent unsolved neurological complaints and cramp-like abdominal pains should remind that percutaneous mercury intoxication through intact skin following skin bleachers is still possible today.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

8-MOP plasma levels in PUVA problem cases with psoriasis.

8-MOP plasma levels of psoriatic patients poorly responsive to PUVA treatment (PUVA problem cases) (N = 14) and of psoriatic patients with adequate response to photochemotherapy (N = 7) were measured for 8 h after oral ingestion of 0.6-0.8 mg/kg body weight, using a gas chromatographic method. We investigated whether there are any differences in the course of the plasma kinetics between the two groups. Problem patients showed significantly lower 8-MOP plasma levels than the control group. Furthermore, the 8-MOP plasma levels increased more rapidly in the control group than in these problem patients. Deviations in time of the maximum 8-MOP plasma levels from the expected 2 h peak could be observed in 50% of the problem cases compared to only 14% of the control patients. There is no correlation between the dose and the 8-MOP plasma level achieved in the two groups, i.e. higher doses do not result in high levels. In individual cases there is not always a correlation between the plasma maximum of 8-MOP at the time of UV-A irradiation and the response to treatment. Adjustment of the UV-A irradiation to coincide with the maximum plasma levels led to an improvement in therapeutic results for three problem patients.

Adult↗