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Biomedical subjects

G Lux

Publications and source records attributed to G Lux.

At least 163 records · Page 9Linked to original sources
PubMed1981

Non-surgical biliary drainage - technique, indications and results.

Nonsurgical biliary drainage offers a therapeutic alternative in the palliation of malignant obstructive jaundice. Two basic approaches are available. The percutaneous transhepatic method can be employed either for external drainage or for the placement of an internal endoprosthesis. In the case of the transduodenal, transpapillary approach, either a pigtail catheter can be placed, after prior papillotomy, or - with or without the need to split the papillar - a nasobiliary drainage tube can be introduced. Successful drainage was achieved in 67 patients. In the majority of cases, external drainage was performed as a palliative measure in inoperable carcinoma of the biliodigestive system. In addition, however, pre-operative temporary drainage was also carried out to reduce the risks of surgery in patients with severe obstructive jaundice. The complication rate was low. Apart from biliary peritonitis, cholangitis and minor bleeds were observed. The rate of failure for technical reasons was a relatively low 10%.

Bile Duct Neoplasms↗
PubMed1980

[Stimulation of esophageal motility with bromoprid, domperidon and metoclopramide. Therapy of esophageal reflux disease].

This double-blind and cross-over study was designed to compare the effect of domperidon, metoclopramide and bromopride on esophageal motility. A stimulating effect on lower esophageal sphincter pressure (LESP) was shown after i.v. bolus of all three substances, not after saline (control period). LESP was rised significantly up to 50 min above basal levels. Motility pattern of the esophagus was also stimulated up to 50 min.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Furan H2-antagonist ranitidine inhibits pentagastrin-stimulated gastric secretion stronger than cimetidine.

In each of 7 healthy volunteers, the new furan H2-antagonist ranitidine (0.125, 0.25, 0.5, and 1.0 mg . kg-1 . hr-1) or the imidazole derivative cimetidine or normal saline were intravenously infused in the midhour of a 3-hr pentagastrin period (1.5 micrograms . kg-1 . hr-1 i.v.). With increasing doses of ranitidine, gastric acid secretion dropped dose dependently: 62, 78, 89, and 94%, respectively (P < 0.05 for all doses). A cimetidine dose of 0.82 mg . kg-1 . hr-1 (2.8 mumol . kg-1 . hr-1), equivalent to the highest ranitidine dose, led to a similar reduction of acid output (54%) as an eightfold smaller ranitidine dose. Apparently in human gastric mucosa, recognition of H2-receptors is not exclusively determined by the imidazole ring. Strong inhibitory efficacy of ranitidine was also reflected by the low calculated mean ID50 of 54 micrograms (0.15 mumol) . kg-1 . hr-1 and the IC50 of 36 ng/ml (0.1 microM). Acid inhibition by ranitidine involved both reduction in volume and acidity. The lowering effect on pepsin output was less pronounced though significant. Secretion of free N-acetylneuraminic acid and N-acetylneuraminic acid bound to glycoproteins did not change after H2-blocker administration indicating an unimpaired mucus secretion. In these short-term experiments, there were no obvious side effects or alterations in routine laboratory parameters including serum gastrin and prolactin attributable to either drug.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

[Long-term effect of calcium carbonate containing antacids on basally and peptone-stimulated hydrochloric acid secretion].

Basal and meal-stimulated gastric acid secretion was measured before and after a 3-week-period of regular consumption of a calcium carbonate-containing antacid with 6 therapeutic doses per day in normal healthy volunteers. Furthermore the effect of a single large dose of 2000 mg calcium ions was studied on meal-stimulated gastric acid secretion before and after this period. The results suggest that (1) even a large single dose of calcium ions seems to have no major effect on meal-stimulated gastric acid secretion and (2) chronic consumption of calcium carbonate containing antacids over a 3-week-period does not change basal- and meal-stimulated gastric acid secretion in healthy volunteers nor does it increase the response to 2 g calcium ions.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

[Irritable colon. Possibilities for an objective diagnosis and its value for the therapy].

Diagnosis of functional gastrointestinal disorders consists mainly in exclusion of organic diseases. A more positive diagnosis may be established by the identification of characteristic symptoms. Myography and manometry within the colon sigmoideum reveal significant patterns in irritable bowel patients, which also may allow control of therapy.

Colonic Diseases, Functional↗
PubMed1979

Increased duodenal alkali load associated with the interdigestive myoelectric complex.

In six healthy volunteers the interdigestive motor activity and the secretory pattern were recorded in the duodenum by open tip catheters and intraluminal titration, respectively. The duodenal part of the interdigestive myoelectric complex (IDMEC) was regularly associated with a significantly increased alkali load to the duodenum amounting to 2.4 +/- 0.4 mmol per IDMEC. Thus, the intestinal "housekeeper" function of the IDMEC may be brought about by a coupled action of propagated motility and flushing secretion.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

[Inhibition of gastric acid secretion and motility with trospium chloride].

The present study demonstrated a significant inhibition of gastric acid secretion and gastric motility by parenteral and oral application of trospiumchloride. Oral application of a dose inhibiting gastric acid secretion was not associated with the known side effects of anticholinergic therapy like tachycardia, reduction of salivary secretion and impairment of visual accommodation.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1978

[Pseudomembranous colitis after antibiotics therapy].

Pseudomembranous colitis may arise as a severe complication of chemotherapy with antibiotics. Lincomycin and clindamycin are especially incriminated, but the condition has also been reported after treatment with other broad-spectrum antibiotics. The endoscopic findings are suggestive, though not specific. Overall mortality is estimated to be 10--20%. There is an increased risk in patients with a previous history and pseudomembranous colitis in relatives of these patients.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1978

[Angiodysplasia of the gut as cause of massive gastrointestinal bleeding (author's transl)].

Angiodysplasia of the colon with preferential localisation in the region the ileocoecal valve is not infrequently the cause of massive gastrointestinal bleeding. The diagnostic problems of this disease are illustrated by seven cases. Contrary to angiography, coloscopy, which may have to be done as an emergency procedure, frequently does not allow localisation of the haemorrhage. Vascular malformations can be demonstrated by arteriography even in the asymptomatic interval. They frequently escape macroscopic identification even in the resected specimen due to their small size and their localisation in the submucosa. The diagnosis can be established histologically by serial sections with vascular filling if necessary. The treatment of choice is resection of the affected part of the gut. In cases of decreased operability endoscopic laser coagulation can be indicated.

Aged↗
PubMed1978

Functional lymphangiectasia of the duodenal mucosa.

Tiny millet-like prominent villi with dilated lymphatics may be part of a food-induced functional lymphangiectasia. Peroral olive oil load causes diffuse transient lymphangiectasia, the gross aspect, histological findings and electron-microscopy of which is described in detail.

Dietary Fats↗
PubMed1978

Gastrointestinal fiberoptic endoscopy in pediatric patients and juveniles.

Over a period of 8 years 351 upper gastrointestinal endoscopies and 72 coloscopies were performed in infants, children and juvenile patients. Development of special pediatric instruments provides increasing application even to the youngest patients. Fiberendoscopy is a safe and sensitive diagnostic tool also in the pediatric age group; furthermore the therapeutic possibilities of operative endoscopy can be used without disadvantage.

Adolescent↗