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Biomedical subjects

G Ladurner

Publications and source records attributed to G Ladurner.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

Reaction time in cerebrovascular disease.

One hundred and eight patients have been investigated clinically, by computer tomography and by measuring the reaction time (RT). Thirty six controls without histories of brain disease, normal psychiatric findings and the same mean age as the other groups, were compared with 37 stroke patients without and 35 stroke patients with dementia. The dementia was defined clinically and by a psychological test (WAIS) and by applying a deterioration index (Baxa and Pakesch, 1972). The RT was measured by the Wiener Test system (Schuhfried) using eight optic, eight acoustic and eight choice signals at random for both hands, by adding the decision and motor response time to perform a task. The stroke patients as a whole (72) had significantly longer RT than the controls. When the stroke group was divided according to degree of dementia, in almost all the measurements the RT was significantly longer in the demented group. The localisation of the infarcts with RT with dominant or non-dominant hemisphere lesions showed no significant correlation, despite the fact that RT was longer in patients with infarcts in the dominant hemisphere or in those having bilateral lesions. When IQ was measured, only a few significant correlations were found between IQ and RT. In almost all the measurements a significant correlation between RT and OI was found. It was therefore concluded that RT is an easily applicable method for stroke patients in the differentiation between dementia and normal intellectual functioning, and a useful instrument for evaluating the long-term course of intellectual impairment in patients with stroke.

Cerebral Infarction↗
PubMed1985

[Reduction of the rate of cerebral angiography complications by a standardized study method].

The complications from cerebral angiography encountered in 1034 patients between 1977 and 1982 are described. A standardised technique of cerebral transfemoral catheter angiography is outlined, which helps to reduce the number of complications. The role of the disease for which the examination is done, and the effect of the new contrast media on the risk of the examination, are discussed. Patients with a compromised blood-brain barrier and manifest reduction in cerebral blood flow run a greater risk than patients with other abnormalities. Low osmolar contrast media are better tolerated subjectively. Theoretically, their use would be expected to lead to a reduction in complications but, so far, it has not been possible to confirm this.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

The myxomatous mitral valve. A risk factor for ischemic stroke in young patients?

3 out of 24 patients with mitral valve prolapse (MVP), mean age 25.7 +/- 3.1 displayed markedly thickened redundant and shaggy mitral leaflets in the two-dimensional echocardiogram. The anterior leaflet appeared in the parasternal long axis plane club-shaped in diastole. These three female patients had a history of ischemic stroke, which could be verified by CT-scanning. Suggestion is made that MVP and thickening of the valve is correlated with a higher risk for cerebral infarction.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Does acute endoscopic evacuation improve the outcome of patients with spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage?

A new endoscopic technique is presented, which allows burr hole evacuation of intracerebral hematomas under video control. Clot removal is achieved using a suction-irrigation system built in the 6-mm-diameter endoscope; in addition, an ultrasonic morcellement device has been developed for transendoscopic application. Small bleeding vessels in the hematoma cavity can be coagulated using a 1.5 mm Neodym YAG Laser microprobe introduced through the endoscope under visual control. A randomized prospective study has been started to raise again the question of indications for the surgical treatment of intracerebral hemorrhages, comparing medical treatment with the new surgical technique.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1984

[Plasmapheresis in multiple sclerosis].

8 patients suffering from multiple sclerosis were treated with plasmapheresis. Other methods of management such as cortisone or azathioprine therapy were discontinued one month before plasmapheresis. The patients were investigated before, and on the 1st, 2nd and 3rd day after plasmapheresis using the Kurtzke Disability Score and the Hamilton Rating Scale. No improvement in neurological or psychiatric symptoms or signs was detected following plasmapheresis.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

[Relation between multiple infarcts and vascular (multi-infarct) dementia].

77 patients with multiple infarcts in computerized tomography have been investigated. In 10 patients no definitive stroke could be found in the history, 2 had TIAs only. In 20 cases a PRIND and in 45 a completed stroke could be observed. More than one stroke was only present in 28 patients. In 68 of the patients without remarkable aphasia or decreased level of consciousness the psychiatric findings showed 37 patients with and 31 without a dementia. The CT findings showed in the patients with dementia significantly more often infarcts in the dominant hemisphere, whereas atrophy was found in a similar distribution in both groups.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

[Electroencephalographic and computer tomography findings in vascular epilepsy of ischemic origin].

143 patients with vascular epilepsy have been investigated, in whom generalised seizures were predominant (67%). 5% of the patients were younger than 30 years and 20% were between 30 and 50 years old. Pathological CT findings were seen in 78%. Focal lesions were most common particularly in patients with partial epileptic seizures as compared with those which had generalised seizures (p less than 0.05). In the EEG focal changes also dominated, but there was no significant difference in their occurrence with regard to patients with generalised or partial seizures. Epileptic potentials were observed in 17% of the patients with the emphasis on those with generalised epilepsies (p less than 0.05). Comparing EEG and CT in 69% of the patients concomitant pathological findings could be found. In patients with partial seizures there was a particularly good correlation between the focal changes in the EEG and lesions in the CT.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

[EEG in multi-infarcts with and without intellectual deterioration].

The character and extent of changes in EEG in 124 patients with multiple infarctions, verified by CT, were reported. Further, the EEG diagnoses of patients with (55) or without (50) accompanying dementia were compared. In 19 patients the evidence of dementia could not be defined clearly. The EEG-diagnoses in these patients were compared with a group consisting of 41 patients with primary degenerative dementia (Alzheimer). The EEG showed pathological results in 89 patients with multiple infarctions and focal abnormalities were dominant. In 55 patients with symptoms of dementia and multiple infarctions significantly more pathological EEG-reports were present than in the other patients with multiple-infarcts and a significantly slower basic rhythm could be found. In patients with neurological deficits as compared to the group without neurological symptoms and multiple infarctions the pathological changes dominated significantly. The comparison between patients with multi-infarct-dementia and 41 patients with a senile dementia of the Alzheimer type only revealed a more frequent occurrence of focal abnormalities in patients with multi-infarct-dementia. However there was no significant difference between the number of normal and pathological EEGs.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

[Computed tomography in primary subarachnoid hemorrhage].

88 patients in primary subarachnoidal haemorrhage are evaluated with CT and partly with cerebral angiography. The CT shows the successions of the haemorrhage and ischemia, and partly the existence of aneurysms aneurysms. For preoperative clarification, angiography is necessary.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

Intracranial haemorrhage in the term neonate diagnosed by computerised tomography--perinatal history, symptoms and outcome.

An intracranial haemorrhage was diagnosed by computerised tomography in 35 term neonates. Subarachnoid haemorrhage was found in 23, intracerebral haemorrhage in 9 and subdural haematoma in 3 patients. Perinatal risk factors indicating trauma or hypoxic events were evaluated in more than 50%. Clinical symptoms were independent of the site of the bleeding. An additional hypoxic-ischaemic brain injury seemed to be the cause of the observed clinical symptoms in many cases. The outcome was significantly better in patients with subarachnoid haemorrhage than in intracerebral haemorrhage or subdural haematoma. Respiratory arrest, increased muscle tone and seizures were frequently associated with an unfavourable outcome.

Asphyxia Neonatorum↗