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Biomedical subjects

G Kosaki

Publications and source records attributed to G Kosaki.

At least 145 records · Page 8Linked to original sources
PubMed1980

Prevention of hemoglobinuria by administration of haptoglobin.

This report describes the role of haptoglobin in preventing hemoglobinuria. In rabbits, human haptoglobin administered i.v. worked preventively against the development of hemoglobinuria in spite of the presence of a large amount of hemolysate containing free hemoglobin. More specifically: (1) the kidney did not present a dark brown color, (2) the deposition of iron in the kidney was significantly less than that in the same organ of rabbits given hemolysate only, and (3) the microangiographic and histological findings of the kidney were close to normal patterns. From the above it may be concluded that the administration of haptoglobin is effective for the prevention of hemoglobinuria and subsequent renal damage.

Angiography↗
PubMed1980

Hepatocellular carcinoma in a case of Dubin-Johnson syndrome treated successfully with right extended lobectomy.

A 57-year-old man with hepatocellular carcinoma and liver cirrhosis combined with Dubin-Johnson syndrome was successfully treated by extensive right hepatic lobectomy. While the preoperative serum bilirubin level is one of the criteria in determining the indication for radical hepatic resection, it does not play a decisive role in the case of combined Dubin-Johnson syndrome.

Bilirubin↗
PubMed1980

Urokinase immobilized on medical polymeric materials: fundamental and clinical studies.

One of the methods of preparing an antithrombogenic material is to immobilize a fibrinolytic enzyme on the surface of a carrier. The clinical trial of such a material must be subject to not only a basic study on the quality of a carrier, the technique of immobilization, and the method of disinfection, but also an in vivo study on its antithrombotic effect. Reported herein is the evaluation of the fibrinolytic ability, at fundamental and clinical levels, of the urokinase that was immobilized on the surface of various polymeric materials. The results were favorable.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Meal-related changes in plasma calcitonin levels in patients with medullary thyroid carcinoma.

In 3 patients with medullary thyroid carcinoma, plasma calcitonin levels showed 3 distinct peaks associated with a simultaneous rise in plasma gastrin after each meal. It is suggested that endogenous gastrin secreted following food intake stimulated the calcitonin secretion from the tumor. The peak of the plasma calcitonin secretion after the evening meal was less prominent than that for breakfast or lunch, while no significant differences were observed in peak values in plasma gastrin after each meal. The reason for this discrepancy remains to be clarified.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

[Transhepatic biliary drainage as a method in the diagnosis and treatment of obstructive jaundice].

Percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage was performed on eleven jaundiced patients, who had obstruction of the bile duct, in order to determine the exact site and nature of the obstruction and to alleviate the jaundice. In the present series, six patients were treated with external biliary drainage. Four of them received this treatment prior to radical surgery. In the remaining two cases the external drainage was a palliative procedure. In five patients, the drainage catheter was internalized through the obstructed bile duct (internal biliary drainage). One of these patients was subsequently treated with radical surgery. In two cases, the internal biliary drainage was palliative. In the two remaining cases, intraluminal selective irradiation was introduced via Iridium 192 flexible wires. Severe hemobilia occurred in one patient, who was successfully treated by lithotomy and "T" tube drainage. We conclude that the simplicity and low cost of these drainage procedures recommend them as extremely useful for the diagnosis and treatment of obstructive jaundiced patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Sister chromatid exchanges in lymphocytes of cancer patients receiving mitomycin C treatment.

Peripheral lymphocytes from cancer patients receiving mitomycin C treatment were examined for cytogenetic effects. The treatment consisted of i.v. injections of mitomycin C at a dose of 4 mg given twice a week for 2 weeks. The lymphocytes were cultured in vitro for 72 hr with phytohemagglutinin and 5-bromodeoxyuridine, and then sister chromatid exchanges were scored. Before treatment with mitomycin C, the frequencies of sister chromatid exchanges in lymphocytes of cancer patients were similar to those of healthy controls. After the first and second treatments in vivo with mitomycin C, the frequencies of sister chromatid exchnages increased with time, reached a peak in about 24 hr, and then returned to the pretreatment level in about 48 hr, in contrast to the case of in vitro exposure to mitomycin C. After the third and fourth injections, however, the frequency increased further and did not return to the original level. The significance of the specific kinetics of change in the sister chromatid exchnage frequency after in vivo treatments is discussed in relation to cancer chemotherapy.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Radioimmunoassay for human pancreatic amylase: comparison of human serum amylase by measurement of enzymatic activity and by radioimmunoassay.

A radioimmunoassay (RIA) for human pancreatic amylase has been developed for the determination of human serum amylase content. The assay was shown to be sensitive (7 ng/ml), reproducible and specific, but human pancreatic amylase and salivary amylase could not be distinguished by the antiserum used. In normal subjects, the mean concentration of amylase determined by the RIA was found to be 122.1 ng/ml (range: 55--250 ng/ml). A good correlation was observed between the concentration of amylase and its enzymatic activity in normal subjects. In some instances with high amylase activity, however, the rise in enzymatic activity was not accompanied by increasing amount of amylase content.

Amylases↗
PubMed1979

Internal fistula as a route of infection in acute suppurative thyroiditis.

Seven cases of acute suppurative thyroiditis are described. Six patients had a recurrent painful swelling of the left anterior neck and one was seen at her first episode of the disease. A barium meal revealed a fistula originating from the apex of the left pyriform sinus in all cases. The fistula, a remnant of the fourth pharyngeal pouch, thus seems to be a common route of infection in acute suppurative thyroiditis, allowing bacterial infection to begin in the perithyroidal space and spread to the thyroid gland. Complete extirpation of the fistula is required for a permanent cure.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1979

Ductal carcinoma of the pancreas. Rationales for total pancreatectomy.

In order to evaluate total pancreatectomy as a surgical procedure for ductal carcinoma of the pancreas, a histopathological analysis was made on 18 resected specimens with special regard to the pattern of cancer growth in the pancreatic tissue. In five of them there was no lymphatic involvement or extrapancreatic invasion, but cancer extended continuously to the tail along with the pancreatic ducts and reached the end of the ducts in three cases. All 11 patients treated with Whipple's procedure died of recurrence, while of four total pancreatectomized patients, one with continuously invasive cancer to the end of the pancreatic duct has been living more than eight years postoperatively. We believe that total pancreatectomy for this type of "intraductal spreading cancer" without invasion beyond the pancreas is indicated as a radical procedure.

Aged↗
PubMed1979

Changes in serum succinyltrialanine p-nitroanilide hydrolysing activity in hepatobiliary diseases.

Serum succinyltrialanine p-nitroanilide hydrolysing activity was elevated in patients with hepatobiliary diseases. The highest activities were seen in acute cholangitis and intrahepatic cholestasis. The change in succinyltrialanine p-nitroanilide hydrolysing activity was closely associated with those in gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase and alkaline phosphatase activities. In some cases, however, the former was more sensitive than the latter.

Adult↗