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Biomedical subjects

G Kosaki

Publications and source records attributed to G Kosaki.

At least 163 records · Page 9Linked to original sources
PubMed1978

Modification of human pancreatic amylase isozymes by peptidoglutaminase I and II.

The effects of peptidoglutaminase (PGln-ase) I and II on human pancreatic juice amylase purified as an isozyme were investigated. Several amylase isozymes were formed which corresponded to minor components of pancreatic amylase isozymes, indicating that appearance of amylase isozymes are due to enzymic deamidation. A similar result was observed when the purified amylase isozyme was incubated with the supernatant of human pancreatic juice whose amylase was previously removed by adsorption onto raw corn starch. These findings are discussed in connection with amylase isozymes in the sera of the patients suffering from pancreatic inflammation.

Amidohydrolases↗
PubMed1978

Immobilization of plasminogen activator, urokinase, on nylon.

Urokinase (UK), a fibrinolytic enzyme activator purified from human material was immobilized on nylon using different procedures. One was a modified method of immobilization of antigen or antibody initially carried out by Edelman and others in 1971 (Procedure I). The other was our newly devised method (Procedure II) (Sugitachi et al. 1976). Major specificities of the immobilized UK are as follows: 1. The UK revealed properties of a plasminogen activator and the optimum pH of the immobilized UK was between 7.2 and 7.4, these values being in good parallel with that of soluble UK. The immobilized UK maintained a stable fibrinolytic activity after long-term preservation and heat-treatment. 2. As the fibrinolytic activity of immobilized UK was found to be inhibited by the antiplasmin in human plasma, an antiplasmin inhibitor was immobilized on the nylon together with the UK. The antiplasmin activity was to some extent prevented using this procedure. 3. Nylon tubes immobilized with UK and antiplasmin inhibitor were used for thrombotic coagulation studies carried out according to the method of Chandler. Thrombus formation time (TFT) of UK-immobilized tubes was 30 min, while that of the non-treated tubes was no longer than 10 min.

Antifibrinolytic Agents↗
PubMed1978

alpha-Amylase from human pancreatic juice as an electrophoretically pure isozyme.

Human pancreatic juice collected antiseptically and strictly free from other body fluids and juices, was examined for the isozyme composition of alpha-amylase. Unlike those of the extract of and exudate from pancreatic tissue, the composition of alpha-amylase isozyme in the secreted juice was simple and consisted of only two isozymes, a major one and a minor one, and the reason for difference in the isozyme composition is discussed. The major alpha-amylase isozyme was obtained in a crystalline state with a molecular weight of 5.4-5.5 X 10(4).

Amylases↗
PubMed1978

Medullary carcinoma of the thyroid. Giant cell type.

This report presents a rare histological variation of medullary (C-cell) carcinoma of the thyroid, referred to as giant cell type, which is similar to that found in anaplastic carcinoma of the thyroid, or choriocarcinoma. The giant cells in this case possessed specific immunofluorescence for calcitonin and secretory granules in the cytoplasm. The giant cells were tumor cells of medullary carcinoma and could be distinguished from anaplastic carcinoma of the thyroid by various histological characteristics, such as nuclear invagination, an intermingled pattern of giant cells with typical small solid cells, infrequency of mitosis, and the existence of amyloid stroma.

Carcinoma↗
PubMed1978

A role of anti-"LD" antibody in induction of active enhancement in rat heart allografts.

Heart allografts from S-D to Wistar rats pretreated with 5 x 10(7) spleen cells taken from donor strain 1 or 2 weeks before, survived indefinitely. Sera taken from the pretreated rats showed high lymphocytotoxic titers and obvious blocking activity against LMC of immunized Wistar spleen cells. Even though the sera were exhaustively absorbed with RBC, this blocking activity was not impaired, although CDC was reduced. The active prolongation of graft survival, therefore, correlates with the presence of anti-LD antibody.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

Intracellular distribution of (14C)bleomycin and the cytokinetic effects of bleomycin in the mouse tumor.

The differential effects (BLM) on cycling and noncycling cells were investigated with a mouse ascites tumor in vivo. An i.p. injection of 37.0 or 111.1 mug BLM per g caused a decrease in tumor cell number but an increase in percentage of tumor cells in mitosis. There are no significant differences between the percentage labeled mitoses at various times after pulse labeling by tritiated thymidine of BLM-treated tumor cells and by that of an untreated control, except that the height of the second peak was significantly lower in the treated cells. Hence BLM may be cell cycle nonspecific, and the BLM-induced decrease in cell number, i.p., may stimulate some nondividing cells to reenter the division cycle. However, the fact that percentage of cells in mitosis versus time after the administration of BLM showed two peaks indicates the possibility that another cause of the increase in mitotic figures might be a relative increase of cycling cells due to higher sensitivity of noncycling cells to the agent. Autoradiographic studies on the intracellular distribution of [14C]BLM revealed the following. (a) There were few necrotic cells in mitosis that incorporated much [14C]BLM into the cytoplasm at each time point and the mitotic figures gradually increased with time after i.p. injection of the isotope, while necrotic cells other than in mitosis, most of which were heavily labeled, increased in number with time. These findings seem to be related to the possibility that cycling cells may be less sensitive to BLM. The mode of intracellular distribution of [14C]BLM in mitotic cells changed with time and appeared to reflect the drug susceptibility depending on the cell cycle phase when labeled.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

Heterogeneity of carcinoembryonic antigen. I. Concanavalin A-reactive and -nonreactive CEA.

The use of Con A-Sepharose affinity chromatography for preparation of CEA from two metastatic liver tumors resulted in a separation of two species of CEA. One is concanavalin A-reactive CEA (CEA-M): the other is Con A-nonreactive CEA (CEA-P). Both CEA-M and CEA-P were glycoproteins and have identical antigenicity. However, 4 samples of CEA-M and CEA-P subfractions differed in their protein:carbohydrate ratios. The yield of CEA-M was greater than that of CEA-P. In electrophoresis, both CEA-M and CEA-P migrated at the region of beta-globulin of human blood serum. The isoelectric points of 4 samples of CEA-M and CEA-P subfractions from two different tumor sources differed from each other. In these preparations CEA-M usually showed a larger value of isoelectric point than CEA-P. Ultracentrifugal analysis of these four preparations revealed only a single peak, except CEA-P in case 1. Antigenic activity of CEA-M was almost completely destroyed by beta-N-acetylhexosaminidase treatment but only partly digestion with pronase. A possibility was suggested that N-acetylglucosamine at nonreducing terminal(s) is essential for the antigenic determinant groups of CEA molecule.

Binding Sites↗
PubMed1975

Heterogeneity of carcinoembryonic antigen. II. Monosaccharide composition of concanavalin A-reactive and -nonreactive CEA.

Monosaccharide compositions of Con A-reactive CEA (CEA-M) and Con A-nonreactive CEA (CEA-P) separated from two different samples of CEA were analysed by gas liquid chromatography. It was revealed that all CEA subfractions possessed N-acetylglucosamine, fucose, and galactose residues. One out of 4 subfractions did not contain sialic acid and another one lacked glucose in its carbohydrate moiety. N-acetylgalactosamine was not detected in measurable amount in any of the 4 subfractions. A large amount of mannose was found in CEA-M, but only a small amount in CEA-P.

Acetylgalactosamine↗