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Biomedical subjects

G Jensen

Publications and source records attributed to G Jensen.

At least 199 records · Page 11Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

Accuracy of left ventricular ejection fraction determined by the nuclear stethoscope.

We assessed left ventricular ejection fraction 47 times in 21 patients with sinus rhythm by a portable non-imaging nuclear probe. After 99mTc blood pool labelling, left ventricular ejection fraction was determined by probe in two different ways: on a beat-to-beat basis, and by the so-called ventricular function mode, based on the gated equilibrium principle, and subsequently compared with left ventricular ejection fraction measured by gated equilibrium radionuclide angiocardiography using a gamma camera. Left ventricular ejection fraction by probe correlated well with left ventricular ejection fraction by gamma camera: beat-to-beat versus gamma camera: r = 0.90, y = 0.75x + 0.12; ventricular function versus gamma camera: r = 0.88, y = 0.87x + 0.08. Also, left ventricular ejection fraction values determined by the two probe methods correlated closely: r = 0.97, y = 0.83x + 0.07. Compared with the gamma camera, the probe overestimated slightly the small values of left ventricular ejection fraction and underestimated high values. Correct determination of left ventricular ejection fraction by a non-imaging probe depends on correct positioning over the left ventricle and selection of a proper background activity level. The main application of this instrument is probably non-invasive bedside determination and monitoring of changes of left ventricular function occurring spontaneously or caused by cardiac arrhythmias or treatment with cardiac drugs.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Prevalence of stroke in a district of Copenhagen the copenhagen city heart study.

From the city center of Copenhagen, almost 20,000 people, 20 years of age and older, were randomly selected for examination after age and sex stratification. The participation rate was 72%. 231 persons responded affirmatively to a questionnaire concerning cerebrovascular disease. After neurological examination the diagnosis was confirmed in 115 cases. Adjusted on the basis of the age distribution of the Danish population (1976) the prevalence rate was calculated to be 651/100,000 for men and 385/100,000 for women. The frequency of myocardial infarction and hypertension was significantly higher in the stroke patients than in the study population. The risk factors: cigarette smoking, serum-cholesterol, and high-density-lipoprotein concentration, showed no significant differences between the patients and the study population. 44% of the patients had had their stroke more than 5 years before the prevalence date. In 41% of the patients, residual neurological signs could not be demonstrated, while 59% of the patients had neurological deficits of varying severity. 30% of the surviving patients were in gainful work or managed domestic activities as they had done before the stroke. Nearly 1/2 of the severely disabled patients were independent in self care. The age group above 80 years was under-represented in this study.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Clonal evolution demonstrated by flow cytometric DNA analysis of a human colonic carcinoma grown in nude mice.

A spontaneous change in DNA content of a human colonic carcinoma grown in nude mice was observed fortuitously. The tumor initially had a G1 cell DNA content of 1.3 times that of normal cells. Flow cytometric DNA analysis showed in transplant generation 56 the appearance of a new subpopulation which in three passages completely overgrew the original population. The DNA content of the new subpopulation was twice that of the original population. The observation supports the hypothesis of clonal evolution of tumor cell populations. The growth rates of the tumor before and after the change showed no significant difference (p greater than 0.05). Cell kinetic factors, therefore, offer no obvious explanation of how the overgrowth took place. It is not known whether the original population disappeared completely or survived as a small population below the detection limit. The heterogeneity created by clonal evolution of a tumor would be less pronounced if old subpopulations often become extinct as new ones emerge. Heterogeneity of human tumors is of clinical importance because the individual subpopulations may have different sensitivity patterns to antineoplastic drugs.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

[Experiences with high-dose cisplatin therapy in metastasized malignant melanoma].

14 patients with advanced malignant melanoma were treated in 36 therapy cycles with cisplatin. 8 patients had been pretreated with dacarbazine and 6 had received additional BCG immunotherapy. 4 patients had been irradiated after surgical removal of lymph node metastases. All patients showed significant tumor progression. 4 patients were treated showing ultimately disseminated melanoma with widespread visceral involvement. 5 patients with lymph node metastases had been operated radically and were treated postoperatively. Cisplatin was administered as a 24-h high-dose therapy (200 mg or 120-200 mg/m2) under forced mannitol diuresis, treatment cycles were repeated monthly. Of all the patients, 1 showed complete remission of supraclavicular metastases lasting for 6 months until now. 1 patient showed an initial minor response with subsequent stabilization without appearance of additional metastases for 1 year. 2 patients who had received cisplatin postoperatively showed no reappearance of tumor growth for 8 months up until now. 11 patients showed no change or progression of disease, 6 of them had received only one therapy cycle. Under clinical conditions, side effects of cisplatin treatment can be managed satisfactorily, no irreversible kidney damage could be observed under forced diuresis. As far as the above-mentioned results are concerned, antineoplastic activity of cisplatin as to advanced malignant melanoma must be considered to be of limited benefit using cisplatin as a single-agent treatment. Improvement of results might be obtained using cisplatin in a combination therapy together with other antineoplastic agents, which at the present time are being investigated in several prospective trials.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Why do nursing home costs vary? The determinants of nursing home costs.

Since the costs of nursing home care are a major component of the rapidly rising costs of health care, it is appropriate to base public policy discussions about cost containment on the determinants of nursing home costs. This article investigates the determinants of nursing home operating costs and reviews the results of 11 related econometric cost analyses conducted by the authors. Single-equation cost analyses are developed for nursing homes in three states and in the nation. The cost results of a multi-equation model of nursing home behavior are also reviewed. The analyses indicate that facility size and occupancy rate are minimally important in determining cost variation. Facility characteristics, particularly type of facility and ownership, are important variables. Nonprofit facilities consistently had higher costs than for-profit facilities, after controlling for patient mix and service differences, and, in one analysis, for a measure of quality.

Costs and Cost Analysis↗
PubMed1981

Antitumour activity, toxicity and disposition of LS 1727, a nitroso-chloroethyl carbamate of 19-nortestosterone, in rats and mice.

LS 1727, a nitroso-chloroethyl carbamate of 19-nortestosterone, given intraperitoneally had a high cytostatic activity against some experimental tumours. In vitro studies showed that the tested tumours differed in their ability to hydrolyze LS 1727. The hydrolytic capacity was related to the sensitivity to treatment with LS 1727. Distribution studies with double-labelled LS 1727 demonstrated that the chloroethyl-part of the molecule was retained in dimethylbenz(a)anthracene-induced mammary tumours in the rat. Our findings suggest that the antitumour activity of LS 1727 is exerted by alkylating metabolites released at hydrolysis of the compound. LS 1727 had no oral antitumour activity probably due to pre-systemic hydrolysis. When given intravenously, hydrolysis of LS 1727 in lungs caused severe pulmonary toxicity already at low doses.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1980

Abolished production of interferon by leucocytes of patients with the acquired cytogenetic abnormalities 5q -- or -- 5 in secondary and de-novo acute non-lymphocytic leukaemia.

Interferon production by leucocytes on stimulation with inactivated antigens from herpes simplex virus, varicella zoster virus and cytomegalovirus was determined in 19 patients with preleukaemia or acute non-lymphocytic leukaemia, in 15 following treatment for other tumours. Production of interferon was abolished in 10 patients and preserved in nine cases after stimulation with herpes simplex antigen. Cytogenetic studies of bone marrow demonstrated an abnormal karyotype in 13/15 patients with secondary preleukaemia or leukaemia. Characteristics were (a) hypodiploid cell lines demonstrated in eight cases, (b) a B-chromosome defect found in five cases and verified as 5q -- in four, and (c) defects in C-group chromosomes in 10, verified as monosomy 7 in nine. All four patients with de-novo preleukaemia or leukaemia had abnormal cytogenetic findings, two B-chromosome abnormalities verified as monosomy 5. A relationship between abnormalities in chromosome no. 5 and abolished production of interferon was demonstrated, as only one of seven patients with 5q --, --5 or --B produced interferon by the leucocytes, compared with eight of a total of 12 patients with other cytogenetic defects or a normal karyotype (P=0.04). The results are remarkable, as chromosome no. 5 has recently been discovered to contain a gene for interferon production. Furthermore abolished production of interferon by leucocytes seemed correlated to previous irradiation and to disease-related fever.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1980

Increased plasma HDL-cholesterol and apo A-1 in sedentary middle-aged men after physical conditioning.

Previous studies have demonstrated an inverse relationship between plasma high density lipoproteins (HDL) cholesterol and coronary heart disease risk. In the present study we investigated prospectively the effect of a moderate physical conditioning programme on plasma lipids and lipoproteins, especially HDL-cholesterol and apolipoprotein A-I (apo A-I), the major apoprotein of HDL. Healthy, sedentary, middle-aged men were randomly selected and assigned either to a training group (n = 24, age 40 +/- 3.4, mean +/- SD) or to a control group (n = 13, age 39 +/- 5.0). Training consisted of various indoor and outdoor sports activities 45 min/day, 3 times/week for 12 weeks at an intensity of approximately 80% of measured maximal oxygen uptake (VO2 max). The trained subjects were studied at 4, 8 and 12 weeks. The training increased VO2 max by 12% (P less than 0.01). Increases were observed in both apo A-I (10%, P less than 0.02) and HDL-cholesterol (8%, P less than 0.02) after training, with significant increases already after 4 and 8 weeks, respectively. Furthermore, decreases in total plasma cholesterol (5%, P less than 0.004) and plasma triglycerides (26%, P less than 0.003) were found without changes in body weight, body composition, cigarette smoking, alcohol consumption or the percentage composition of dietary intake. Fasting serum-insulin concentrations decreased significantly during training. No changes were noted in the control group. The present study demonstrates prospectively that moderate physical training can increase HDL.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Haemodynamic findings after insertion of the Lillehei-Kaster valve in the mitral ostium.

Clinical deterioration after insertion of prosthetic mitral valves may be caused by myocardial failure or valve dysfunction or a combination of both. The need for a method to decide which is predominantly causative is obvious. This study describes the haemodynamic findings with special reference to prosthesis rheology among 13 patients with lillehei-Kaster valves in the mitral ostium. Three patients were re-operated on because clinical signs of valvular dysfunction. Our investigation indicates that stroke volumes of less than 35 ml were useful in predicting valve dysfunction and that pulmonary wedge and mean arterial pressure at rest were significantly increased in this group of patients. It is advocated that such haemodynamic findings should lead to further evaluation of valve gradient and valve flow.

Female↗