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Biomedical subjects

G Glazer

Publications and source records attributed to G Glazer.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

Squamous carcinoma of the anus in young homosexual men with T helper cell depletion.

Two cases of squamous carcinoma of the anus in white homosexual men aged 36 and 47 years are reported, each with a short history of rapidly enlarging perianal lesions. Immunological studies showed that both men had pronounced T helper lymphocyte depletion, and antibody to human T cell lymphotropic virus type III (HTLV-III) was detected in both patients. In addition one patient had a long history of wart virus infection of the anal canal. The diminished cellular immunity associated with HTLV-III may have been responsible for the development of the squamous carcinoma, either directly or by its association with human papilloma virus infection.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Expectations and coping of women undergoing in vitro fertilization.

Approximately 15% of childbearing couples in America experience infertility. While dramatic progress has been achieved in relation to the diagnosis and treatment of the organic components of infertility, less attention has been paid to the emotional dimensions of this life crisis. Descriptive data were gathered from interviews with three women who completed an in vitro fertilization cycle at a large midwestern university hospital. Open-ended interview questions elicited information about each woman's in vitro experience with regard to the realization of her expectations, her coping mechanisms, and suggestions for what would have helped. Differences in the perception of the difficulty of the experience are suggested depending on pregnancy success. Health team strategies for supporting women undergoing in vitro fertilization are discussed.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed1985

Pancreatic resection for severe acute pancreatitis.

Non-operative management of acute necrotizing pancreatitis carries a mortality of up to 80 per cent. Over the last 6 years we have pursued an aggressive policy of intensive supportive therapy followed by pancreatic resection in those patients with this severe form of the disease. We have managed 15 patients in this way, 14 by subtotal pancreatic resection (usually body and tail of the gland) and one by total pancreatectomy; 7 had early overwhelming multi-system failure with a median of 4 positive prognostic factors whilst 8 were operated on later between 3 and 8 weeks (plus one at 32 weeks) and had varying clinical pictures. Eight patients had ischaemia of the transverse colon which was noted at operation in four, and presented postoperatively in the remainder. Re-operation was necessary in 13 patients to remove further slough or resect ischaemic bowel. Five patients (33 per cent) died between 10 days and 4 weeks postoperatively, death being due to sepsis and multi-system failure in four and a massive retroperitoneal haemorrhage in one. Of the ten survivors, four require insulin. Timely excision of necrotic pancreatic tissue combined with intensive supportive therapy may help reduce the high mortality in this condition.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1985

Surgical treatment of cardiac pheochromocytomas.

The development at our institution of the radiopharmaceutical 131-I-metaiodobenzylguanidine has permitted for the first time scintigraphic localization of pheochromocytomas. By the use of this scan in combination with contrast-enhanced computed tomography, intrapericardial pheochromocytomas have been demonstrated in eight patients at our hospital during the past 2 years. Four of these patients have been operated upon by us, and each was found to have a pheochromocytoma arising from the heart (left atrium in three and interventricular groove at the aortic root in one). While in one patient it was possible to "shell" the tumor away from the left atrial wall without cardiopulmonary bypass, in the remaining patients, bypass and cardioplegia were required to resect the pheochromocytomas without inducing life-threatening intraoperative hypertension and cardiac arrhythmias. One patient required coronary artery reconstruction and two, excision of the posterior left atrial wall with pericardial replacement. One of these latter two patients died intraoperatively of uncontrollable hemorrhage. The three remaining patients are well and normotensive after more than 1 year of follow-up. Cardiac pheochromocytomas should not be approached as typical posterior mediastinal tumors, or as they are in the abdomen, with the expectation that they will "shell away" from contiguous structures. Cardiopulmonary bypass should be available, and resection of involved myocardium may be necessary for complete removal.

3-Iodobenzylguanidine↗
PubMed1984

Scintigraphic localization of adrenal lesions in primary aldosteronism.

Dexamethasone suppression adrenal cortical scintiscanning was performed in 87 patients with primary aldosteronism. Fifty patients had adrenal cortical adenomas and 37 had bilateral adrenal hyperplasia. The diagnosis of adrenal cortical adenoma was confirmed by surgery in 49 of 50, and bilateral adrenal hyperplasia was confirmed by adrenal vein aldosterone sampling in 33 and at operation in four. Dexamethasone suppression adrenal scintigraphy correctly identified the lesion(s) in 82 of the 87 patients. There were three false-negative and two false-positive adrenal cortical scintiscanning results. Computed tomography was performed in 33 patients and correctly identified 14 of 23 patients with adrenal cortical adenomas and two of 10 patients with bilateral adrenal hyperplasia and bilateral enlarged adrenals, whereas the remaining eight were considered to have normal findings. These data indicate that, when properly performed, adrenal cortical scintigraphy is an accurate and efficacious modality for the localization of adrenal cortical adenomas and in the differentiation of adrenal cortical adenoma from bilateral adrenal hyperplasia in primary aldosteronism.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1984

The location of middle mediastinal pheochromocytomas.

Eight middle mediastinal pheochromocytomas were located by means of 131I- meta- iodobenzylguanidine scintigraphy. The exact anatomic location of the lesions was confirmed by means of dynamic computed tomographic scanning following bolus injection of contrast medium. In all but one case the lesion had not been detected prior to scintigraphy despite extensive investigations including arteriography, venography with sampling, computed tomography with infusion of contrast medium, and in some cases surgical exploration of the abdomen and chest. Accurate anatomic location of the lesion permitted resection of five lesions from the cardiac atria and one from the aortopulmonary window. A sixth case in which an atrial pheochromocytoma was found by coronary angiography was not cured by resection of the primary tumor, and 131I- meta- iodobenzylguanidine scintigraphy revealed extensive metastases. Thus 131I- meta- iodobenzylguanidine scintigraphy has been of considerable value in the location of pheochromocytomas of the middle mediastinum, which may be a more frequent site than previously recognized.

3-Iodobenzylguanidine↗
PubMed1981

Computed tomography of the normal pulmonary hilum.

The detection of pulmonary hilar abnormalities using computed tomography (CT) requires a detailed understanding of cross-sectional hilar anatomy. Many lobar and segmental bronchi are identifiable on CT scans and form the basis for interpreting hilar CT. Large pulmonary artery and venous branches within the hilum produce relatively constant hilar contours and were identified using dynamic CT scans following the bolus injection of contrast medium. At several levels on the right and at one level on the left, the posterior hilum is devoid of vessels.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

Computed tomography of the abnormal pulmonary hilum.

Computed tomographic (CT) findings in 25 patients with an abnormal hilum were reviewed. Fourteen had bronchogenic carcinoma, four had lymphoma, four had metastatic carcinoma, one had severe pulmonary arterial hypertension, and two had a hilar mass of unknown cause. The CT findings were (a) a local alteration in normal hilar contour; (b) generalized hilar enlargement; (c) distortion or obstruction of bronchi; (d) irregular or poorly defined hilar contours; (e) obscured vascular branches; and (f) obscuration or thickening of the posterior right upper lobe bronchus, bronchus intermedius, or left main bronchus. A localized alteration in hilar contour and bronchial abnormalities were most frequently seen.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Intra-operative B-mode ultrasound scanning of the extra-hepatic biliary system and pancreas.

An evaluation of intra-operative B-mode ultrasound scanning of the extra-hepatic biliary tree and pancreas shows that it is a useful, noninvasive method of detecting bileduct calculi and assessing pancreatic disease. In 50 patients undergoing cholecystectomy for gallstones, ultrasound scanning was an accurate as per-operative cholangiography; the decision to explore the bileduct, made on ultrsound findings, was correct in 49/50 cases, and that made on X-ray findings was correct in 46/47 cases; there was 1 false-positive in each group. Scans of 5 patients with pancreatic disease were compared with 28 normal pancreatic scans. Infiltration of the portal vein by tumour was easily detected. Differentiation of carcinoma from chronic pancreatitis by ultrasound scanning might with more experience be possible, whilst identification of other pancreatic lesions, such as cysts, calculi, or endocrine tumours, will certainly be facilitated by this new technique.

Cholelithiasis↗
PubMed1980

Anxiety levels and concerns among pregnant women.

Since maternal anxiety has been implicated as one variable in the etiology of maternal and fetal complications, this study was done to identify specific concerns and anxiety levels among pregnant women. One hundred pregnant women, 48 private and 52 clinic patients, completed the Taylor Manifest Anxiety Scale, a concerns questionnaire, and an information sheet. Twenty-nine specific concerns were identified by 50% or more of the pregnant women. Major concerns identified were "if your baby will be healthy and normal" (94%) and "your baby's condition at birth" (93%). The number of expressed concerns showed a statistically significant correlation with anxiety level (rs = .5678; p = .001), with clinic patients having significantly higher anxiety levels than private patients.

Age Factors↗