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Biomedical subjects

G Glazer

Publications and source records attributed to G Glazer.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1993

Splenic cysts: changes in diagnosis, treatment and aetiological concepts.

Splenic cysts are generally considered as either true epidermoid cysts or false pseudocysts. The former are thought to be congenital while the latter are reputedly post-traumatic. However, a number of important features are common to both types of cysts and this classification may need revision. The recognition of the importance of the spleen, together with developments in imaging and operative surgery have led to significant changes in the management of splenic cysts. Accurate preoperative diagnosis and localisation together with increasing awareness of splenic conservation techniques should now ensure that, whenever possible, cysts can be eradicated without resort to total splenectomy. We present four patients who illustrate various aspects of this condition.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Prolonged sleep-deprivation induced disturbed liver functions serum lipid levels, and hyperphosphatemia.

Sixty-four healthy young male volunteers were kept awake from 76 to 80 h. Blood tests conducted at the start and conclusion of the continuous sleep deprivation revealed an increase of 170% in mean SGOT, 58.5% in mean SGPT and 37.5% in mean plasma phosphorus levels. Triglyceride levels decreased by 16%, while HDL levels increased by 18% and the apoB/apoA ratio decreased by 12%. Morning plasma cortisol showed a significant increase during the experiment while evening cortisol showed a significant decrease. Morning T3 levels increased from the first to second day and decreased on the third day. There were no significant changes in other plasma electrolyte levels.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Atherogenic effects of anabolic steroids on serum lipid levels. A literature review.

This article reviews the current body of literature linking anabolic steroids to atherogenic alterations in serum lipid levels. Anabolic steroids cause marked high-density lipoprotein2 levels [corrected] depression (weighted average, 52%) and severe depression of high-density lipoprotein b levels (weighted average, 78%) while raising low-density lipoprotein levels an average of 36%. The mechanism of these lipid changes, their time course in relation to anabolic steroid use, and their dependency on route of anabolic steroid administration are discussed. Interpretation of the observed lipid level changes in light of the epidemiologic data linking lipids to coronary heart disease risk is used to estimate the lipid-based increase in coronary heart disease risk due to anabolic steroid use.

Anabolic Agents↗
PubMed1989

Computed tomography and diagnostic peritoneal lavage in blunt abdominal trauma. Their combined role.

We reviewed medical records and films of all 196 trauma patients who underwent computed tomography (CT) between June 1982 and October 1986 to see whether CT achieved the level of accuracy attributed to it, whether diagnostic peritoneal lavage (DPL) performed in conjunction with CT was a useful diagnostic test for blunt abdominal trauma, and whether laparotomy was mandatory when pelvic fluid collections were seen by CT after blunt trauma. A total of 36 patients underwent DPL, 29 before and seven after CT. There were seven false-negative CTs that were clinically significant. Diagnostic peritoneal lavage was positive in three patients who had false-negative CTs. Although overall accuracy was excellent, CT was not reliable in detecting bowel injury. Diagnostic peritoneal lavage was helpful in detecting injuries missed by CT. Most stable patients with moderate or large intraperitoneal fluid collections on CT accompanying solid viscus injury were treated successfully without laparotomy.

Abdominal Injuries↗
PubMed1989

Colonic complications of severe acute pancreatitis.

Colonic complications are rare in acute pancreatitis. Over the last 9 years at St. Mary's Hospital, London, UK, we have managed severe acute pancreatitis by intensive supportive therapy followed by sub-total pancreatic resection and/or debridement in those who fail to improve. Of the 22 patients who have undergone this form of surgery, nine were found to have colonic involvement in the form of either necrosis or perforation. In addition, one patient presenting at West Middlesex University Hospital, Isleworth, UK, had severe acute pancreatitis and almost total colonic necrosis as an unexpected finding at emergency laparotomy. These ten patients comprised seven men and three women of median age 59 years and with a median of four Ranson criteria. In seven patients, colonic involvement was discovered at the time of pancreatic surgery or laparotomy for pancreatitis and in the remainder it presented between 1 and 3 weeks later as either a faecal fistula (n = 2) or persistent abdominal sepsis (n = 1). The ascending colon was involved in one patient, the splenic flexure and descending colon in one, the transverse colon in three, the splenic flexure alone in four, and one patient had almost total colonic involvement. All patients underwent resection of the involved colon and exteriorization with either a proximal colostomy (n = 7) or ileostomy (n = 3) and a distal mucous fistula. Pathological examination of the resected colons revealed a spectrum of changes from pericolitis through to ischaemic necrosis suggesting at least two possible mechanisms. Six patients died from overwhelming sepsis between 1 day and 4 weeks (median 11 days) after colonic resection. Severe acute pancreatitis must be recognized as a cause of colonic ischaemia and necrosis; this complication is associated with a very poor prognosis despite surgical intervention.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1987

Adenomatous polyposis: an association with carcinoma of the thyroid.

A review of the St Mark's Hospital Polyposis Registry has revealed an association between adenomatous polyposis (familial polyposis coli) and thyroid carcinoma. Even though full clinical information was unavailable on all patients in the registry, it is evident that young women (below 35 years of age) are at particular risk of developing thyroid cancer, mainly of a papillary type, their chances of being affected being approximately 160 times that of normal individuals. All patients with adenomatous polyposis should thus have regular thyroid examination.

Adenomatous Polyposis Coli↗
PubMed1987

Integration of magnetic resonance imaging into radiation therapy treatment planning: I. Technical considerations.

This paper presents the results of a feasibility study specifically addressing the technical and operational difficulties in making quantitative use of Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) in radiation therapy treatment planning (RTTP). Selected radiotherapy patients have been studied with both CT and MRI as part of the treatment planning process. Both sets of images, along with mechanically-obtained external contour and simulator film data, are entered into the treatment planning system. All of the capabilities of the fully three dimensional planning system U-MPlan are available to both the CT and MRI images, in which any image can be used as the backdrop for interactive beam positioning, beam portal simulation, and dose distribution displays for external beam and brachytherapy applications in both 2- and 3-dimensionally-oriented displays. The study has shown that to use MRI data for RTTP, one must (a) use careful patient positioning and marking, (b) transfer information from CT to MRI and vice versa, (c) determine the geometrical consistency between the CT and MR data sets, (d) investigate the unwarping of distorted MR images, and (e) have the ability to use non-axial images for determination of beam treatment technique, dose calculations, and plan evaluation.

Brain Neoplasms↗
PubMed1987

Functional and scintigraphic evaluation of the silent adrenal mass.

Seven patients with unilateral and one patient with bilateral and asymmetric (R greater than L) incidentally discovered adrenal mass abnormalities depicted by computed tomography (CT) were studied by 131I-6 beta-iodomethyl-19-norcholesterol (NP-59) scintigraphy. There was marked lateralization of NP-59 uptake to the side of the mass lesion in the seven patients with unilateral masses and prominent asymmetric, (R greater than L) bilateral uptake in the patient with bilateral masses despite the fact that there were no obvious abnormalities of adrenocortical or adrenomedullary function as determined from peripheral blood and 24-hr urinary hormone measurements. Simultaneous bilateral adrenal vein catheterization (AVC) was employed to measure the levels of hormone effluent from the adrenal cortex and medulla and in all instances the cortisol concentrations were greatest from the side of the mass lesion in those patients with unilateral masses and from the larger of the two adrenals in the patient with bilateral adrenal masses. Thus, there was congruence between the anatomic (CT) and functional (NP-59 scintigraphy and AVC) investigations that depicted asymmetry of the adrenal glands which were not associated with abnormalities of overall adrenal function or hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis integrity.

Adosterol↗