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Biomedical subjects

G Glazer

Publications and source records attributed to G Glazer.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1980

Parallel secretion of enzymes by the rabbit pancreas.

1. The purpose of this study was to determine whether or not the secretion of pancreatic enzymes by the rabbit remained proportional (parallel) after acute stimulation. 2. Hourly samples of pancreatic juice were collected from anaesthetized rabbits, each sample being analysed for volume, protein, amylase, trypsinogen and chymotrypsinogen. 3. Four groups of animals were studied for 2 hr before and 2 hr after stimulation with either saline (controls), methacholine, sincalide (C-terminal active octa-peptide of CCK-PZ) or CCK-PZ. 4. Despite a rise in protein output of more than 100% in the hour after stimulation in all experimental groups, there was no change in the specific activity (u./mg protein) of the three enzymes monitored, and the ratios of these enzymes to each other remained constant. 5. These results in the in vivo rabbit confirm our previous observation of parallel secretion in the in vitro rabbit pancreas; they are at variance with other studies in the rabbit (predominantly in vitro but also in vivo) which showed non-parallel secretion after CCK-PZ stimulation. 6. Our results tend to support the theory of mass transport and parallel secretion of pancreatic enzymes though no firm deductions on intracellular events can be made from juice analysis alone.

Amylases↗
PubMed1976

Prostaglandin release in canine acute haemorrhagic pancreatitis.

Acute haemorrhagic pancreatitis was induced in greyhound dogs by a bile salt/trypsin injection into the main pancreatic duct. Prostaglandin-like activity in the pancreatic venous blood, right atrial blood, and arterial blood was measured by bioassay. Activity rose significantly in the pancreatic venous blood of test dogs but not in controls. Chromatographic analysis of the peritoneal exudate from the dogs with pancreatitis showed high levels of prostaglandin E-like material (mean 43 ng/ml prostaglandin E2 equivalents). It seems likely that prostaglandins contribute to the induced pancreatitis.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1976

Parallel secretion of digestive enzymes by the in vitro rabbit pancreas.

Nonparallel discharge of digestive enzymes by the in vitro rabbit pancreas has been previously reported and this observation has been used to challenge the mass transport theory of enzyme synthesis and secretion by the exocrine pancreas. The current investigation reexamines the pattern of enzyme secretion from the in vitro rabbit pancreas. Secretion of alpha-amylase, trypsinogen, and chymotrypsinogen was studied from the unstimulated gland and from glands stimulated with either methacholine, cholecystokinin-pancreozymin, or the active octapeptide of cholecystokinin-pancreozymin. In all cases, only parallel discharge of alpha-amlyse, trypsinogen, and chymotrypsinogen was noted. These observations are consistent with the mass-transport theory.

Amylases↗
PubMed1975

Glucose production in the newborn dog. I. Effects of glucagon in vivo.

Systemic glucose production rates were evaluated 4 hr after feeding in 14 newborn beagle dogs at ages between 1 and 5 days. After a prime injection of radioisotopic tracers, glucose production was determined during infusion of intermixed tracer [2-3H] glucose and [1-14C] glucose at a constant rate. Seven of the new born dogs served as controls throughout the 3-hr period of infusion, while seven of their littermates, infused simultaneously, received glucagon at a constant rate of 3.3 mug/min between 90 and 180 min of study. In control dogs, mean glucose production, determined by dilution of [2-3H] glucose, was 55 +/- 3 mumol/min-kg body weight. During the control period, their littermates produced glucose at a similar rate; however, glucagon infusion raised glucose production to 81 +/- 4 mumol/min-kg. The average glucose production rate estimated with [1-14C]glucose was 88% of that with 3H tracer during the initial control period and 77% during the glucagon injusion. In order to confirm that this discrepancy reflected the recycling of 14C and the early development of gluconeogenesis, and additional 14 new born dogs were infused with potential substrates for [14C] glucose. In separate studies, [U-14C] lactate, [3-14C] lactate, [U-14C] alanine, and [6-14C]- glucose were incorporated into glucose and [1-14C] glucose. Quantification of gluconeogenesis by simultaneous infusion of [6-3H] glucose and [3-14C] lactate in a 5-day-old dog demonstrated that 25% of the glucose produced originated from lactate, whereas 10% was incorporated into carbon 1. Thus, systemic glucose production was established rapidly in newborn dogs and responded to stimulation with glucagon. A significant proportion of the glucose originated from recycling via the gluconeogenic pathway.

Animals↗
PubMed1966

Ergot poisoning.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Long-term pharmacotherapy of obesity 2000: a review of efficacy and safety.

To clarify the efficacy of antiobesity drugs, this article reviews all long-term (> or =36 weeks), placebo-controlled trials of obesity pharmacotherapy published since 1960. Since fears of anorexiant-induced heart valve damage preclude many physicians and patients from even considering antiobesity drugs, this area is also reviewed in-depth. Electronic database and manual bibliography search was used to identify all relevant publications. While existing studies are too few and heterogeneous to warrant meta-analysis, their review does provide evidence highly relevant to the safety and efficacy of available anorexiants. Weight loss attributable to obesity pharmacotherapy (ie, in excess of placebo) in trials lasting 36 to 52 weeks was 8.1% or 7.9 kg for those receiving phentermine resin, 5.0 % or 4.3 kg for those receiving sibutramine hydrochloride, 3.4% or 3.4 kg for those receiving orlistat, and -1.5% or -1.5 kg for those receiving diethylpropion hydrochloride. Physiologic, pathologic, and epidemiological studies strongly support that anorexiant-induced valvulopathy is attributable to specific serotonergic properties of the fenfluramines that are not present with available weight loss drugs.

Adrenergic Uptake Inhibitors↗