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Biomedical subjects

G Eriksson

Publications and source records attributed to G Eriksson.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

An outbreak of campylobacter enteritis among the staff of a poultry abattoir in Sweden.

In the middle of June 1980 an explosive outbreak of campylobacter enteritis occurred among the staff of a poultry abattoir in southern Sweden. In all 37 cases of acute gastroenteritis originating from the abattoir were reported and Campylobacter jejuni was isolated from the stools in 24 of them. When the outbreak occurred, a large proportion of the ordinary staff had been replaced by inexperienced teenagers working during their holidays. A specially big slaughter had also taken place the same week as these inexperienced workers had started. The holiday workers contracted the disease to a greater extent (71%) than the ordinary staff (29%). An overall screening revealed 5 asymptomatic carriers among the ordinary staff. In 3 cases secondary spread was found.

Abattoirs↗
PubMed1982

A controlled study showing significant short term effect of prostaglandin E1 in healing of ischaemic ulcers of the lower limb in man.

The effect on healing of ischaemic leg ulcers was tested in a double blind study in twenty-two patients given prostaglandin E1 intravenously. Ulcer shapes were determined regularly by stereophotogrammetry. A significant healing effect was found during the first weeks after prostaglandin E1 but not after placebo. After two months no significant difference was noted in ulcer size between the two groups which both had a wide range of ulcer size and type. In subjects receiving placebo 40 percent of the ulcers diminished. It is concluded that controlled studies are necessary because of the large variability in the development of ischaemic ulcers. Furthermore prostaglandin E1 must probably be given in higher dose and/or for longer time and/or more frequently than in the present study in order to show definite benefit over placebo.

Aged↗
PubMed1981

Instrument for distraction by limited surgery in scoliosis treatment.

A principle for secondary instrumental spinal distraction by a rod appliance of the Knodt and Harrington types is described. The principle entails of the rotation of the screw rod by wire traction. The wire is, in a secondary procedure, unwound from a wire barrel mounted onto the screw rod in the primary operative procedure. The study describes the devices employed, modified according to the wire traction--instrument distraction principle. Previous results from intra-vital studies of the Harrington instrumentation have been reported from experiments performed. Thus, a final distraction force of 18 kp effected for correction of a scoliosis curvature, was taken as a value of distraction prior to secondary instrumental distraction by wire traction. In the extra vital study, the wire traction was adjusted to surmount a compressive force of 20 kpby means of a Bessmann weight scale. Wire traction created a distraction force of 39.5 kp, and a metric distraction, from the position resulting from 20 kp distraction to that resulting from 39.5 kp distraction, of 2.8 mm, which was considered to affect the prevailing scoliosis geometry to a considerable and sufficient extent.

Humans↗
PubMed1981

Concentrations of baclofen in serum and breast milk from a lactating woman.

A lactating woman with spastic paraplegia was given 94 mumol (20 mg) of baclofen orally to study the transport of the drug into breast milk. The concentration of baclofen in serum and milk was determined with a gas chromatographic--mass spectrometric method. The elimination curves in serum and milk showed a similar course, the elimination from milk being delayed about 3 h relative to serum. The total amount of baclofen excreted in the milk during 24 h was about one thousandth of the ingested dose.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Energy, fat and nitrogen balance in healthy newborn infants during the first week after birth.

There are limited data in the literature concerning the energy, fat and nitrogen balances in healthy newborn infants of normal weight. For this reason, five healthy newborn infants were studied during the first week after birth. Balance studies on energy, fat, nitrogen, dry matter and water were performed. Oxygen consumption was determined by an open method. The weight decrease the first days was explained by a deficit of water and energy intake. Weight gain was seen when the water intake was 80-100 ml/kg/day and the energy intake 200-300 kJ/kg/day. A linear relation was found between the total evaporative water losses and ambient vapour pressure. The mean resting metabolic rate was 174 kJ/kg/day with the range 144-200 kJ/kg/day. With higher activity the metabolic rate increased 20-45%. Positive balances of nitrogen and fat were obtained when the intakes exceeded 150 and 275 mg/kg/day, respectively.

Anthropometry↗
PubMed1979

Penetration of ampicillin into urethral and cervical secretions after oral administration of bacampicillin.

The study comprised 24 male and 24 female patients treated either for uncomplicated gonorrhoea or as a prophylaxis. A single dose of 800 mg of bacampicillin + 1.0 g probenecid was administered orally to each patient. The concentrations of ampicillin in urethra and cervix were assayed by means of alginate swabs that were used as diffusion centres on agar diffusion plates. The inhibition zones were compared with a standard series of swabs containing known amounts of ampicillin. The amounts of secretions absorbed into the swabs were determined by weighing each swab before and after taking the specimen. The median ampicillin concentration in the male urethra one hour after the single dose of bacampicillin plus probenecid was 2.0 micrograms/ml of urethral secretion and increased to 3.2 micrograms/ml two hours after administration of the antibiotic. In the female urethra, the median concentrations of ampicillin were 1.5 micrograms/ml and 2.3 micrograms/ml of urethral secretion one and two hours, respectively, after the same dosage as above. The corresponding ampicillin concentrations in the cervical secretion were 1.6 micrograms/ml and 2.9 micrograms/ml, respectively.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1979

A dose response study with bacampicillin in uncomplicated gonorrhoea.

In a systematic study of dose-response relationship 883 patients with uncomplicated gonorrhoea were given single oral doses of 400, 800 or 1600 mg bacampicillin, with 1 g probenecid. A single dose of bacampicillin 800 mg plus probenecid was the minimum effective dose in patients with fully ampicillin-sensitive strains. In patients with gonococci showing reduced sensitivity to ampicillin, 1600 mg bacampicillin was required to reach a cure rate above 95%. Bacampicillin was well tolerated in all treatment groups. Side-effects were reported in 4.6% of the courses of treatment. The most frequent adverse reaction was loose stools (1.9%), which was noted more often after the 1600 mg dose but was considered to be of no or very little clinical importance.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1979

Effects of cancer chemotherapeutic agents on testicular DNA synthesis in the rat. Evaluation of a short-term test for studies of the genetic toxicity of chemicals and drugs in vivo.

Changes in the rate of testicular DNA synthesis in the rat were studied at various times after single doses of 12 cancer chemotherapeutic agents. The animals were given intravenous injections of [14C]thymidine and [3H]thymidine 24 and 3 h, resp., before they were killed. By combining measurements of the free serum radioactivity and the testicular incorporation of the differentially labelled precursor, different response patterns were obtained for agents with different modes of action. The DNA-damaging agents cyclophosphamide, chlorambucil, thio-TEPA, busulphan, CCNU and procarbacine, after some delay, caused a decrease of testicular thymidine incorporation and a corresponding increase of free serum radioactivity. The non-DNA-damaging agents 5-fluorouracil, methotrexate, hydroxyurea and cytosine arabinoside had a rapid effect on testicular thymidine incorporation and produced diverse response patterns different from that of the DNA-damaging agents. Actinomycin D and also vinblastine caused changes in testicular thymidine incorporation and showed response patterns different from those of the other agents. These results show that simple measurements of testicular DNA synthesis may provide useful information for the evaluation of genotoxic effects of chemical compounds and may help one to distinguish between DNA-damaging agents and metabolic inhibitors of DNA synthesis.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Evaluation of leg ulcer treatment with stereophotogrammetry. A pilot study.

This report describes stereophotogrammetric measurements of leg ulcers. A basic technical description of the method and its application in a pilot study are presented. The clinical evaluation of the healing of leg ulcers is compared to the photogrammetrically determined parameters--edge length, surface area, and volume--of the ulcers, and seems to fulfil the need for an objective method in the evaluation of leg ulcer treatment.

Aged↗
PubMed1977

Ribonucleic acid labelling perfused livers of protein-fed and protein-deprived rats.

Several observations suggest an increased RNA synthesis in livers of protein-deprived rats, though the RNA/DNA ratio is decreased. A number of hormones may be involved in these changes. Therefore, we studied in RNA metabolism in isolated perfused livers taken from protein-fed and protein-deprived rats. (3H)-orotic acid was given to the rats 2 h before liver explantation, and (14C)-orotic acid was added to the perfusate. Other rats, called controls in vivo, whose livers were not transplanted were also given (3H)-orotic acid followed by (14C)-orotic acid. The livers of these rats, which were not hormone supplemented, were labelled for the same length of times as the livers in vitro. The ratio specific RNA radioactivity/specific nucleotide radioactivity x RNA/DNA was determined and taken as a measure of the RNA synthesis per liver cell. In the controls in vivo, this ratio was significantly higher for protein-deprived than for protein-fed rats. In livers from the protein-fed rats, labelling in vitro increased significantly when growth hormone, hydrocortisone, insulin and tri-iodothyronine were added to the perfusate. Labelling was also significantly higher in these livers than in the controls in vivo. In livers from protein-deprived rats, the ratio in question was the same whether the hormones were added to the perfusate or not, and was significantly lower than in the controls in vivo. Differences in RNA labelling are thus obtained in our in vitro system. Gel electrophoresis of RNA demonstrated normal RNA labelling, showing that the system is suitable for studying liver RNA synthesis. Further refinement can be made by studying the labelling of UTP and CTP. The results might suggest that the liver from a protein-fed rat, explanted in vitro, may increase its RNA synthesis under the influence of the four hormones in question, and that the RNA synthesis of the liver of a protein-deprived rat is high in-vivo and that it might decrease, when it is explanted to in vitro conditions.

Animals↗