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Biomedical subjects

G Eriksson

Publications and source records attributed to G Eriksson.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

Glucocorticoids change the nucleotide and sugar nucleotide pool sizes in cultured human skin fibroblasts.

Fibroblasts in culture were treated with the glucocorticoid budesonide. The nucleotide and sugar nucleotide pools were quantitated after separation by isotachophoresis. Steroid treatment induced a 40% increase of the UDP-N-acetylhexosamine pool and a 30% increase of the UDP-glucuronic acid pool whereas the UTP pool was diminished. These effects became apparent after 24 h of incubation and a new steady state was attained after 48 h of incubation. The 3'-phosphoadenosine-5'-phosphosulfate pool was probably not influenced by the glucocorticoid treatment. The half-life of the UDP-N-acetylhexosamine pool was considerably longer in treated than in control cells. The efflux from the UDP-N-acetylhexosamine pool was also lowered in the treated cells. The changed efflux may be due to a decreased glycoconjugate synthesis induced by glucocorticoid treatment. The rate of equilibration of [14C]glucose and [3H]glucosamine with the UDP-N-acetylhexosamine pool was changed by glucocorticoid treatment; especially that of [3H]glucosamine was decreased.

Budesonide↗
PubMed1987

Efficacy of enprofylline, a new bronchodilating xanthine, in acute asthma.

Five different doses of enprofylline, a 3-propylxanthine, were compared with a standard dose of theophylline in 135 episodes of acute asthma in a double-blind study. The drugs were administered intravenously during ten minutes. Enprofylline induced dose-related bronchodilation and the 2.5 mg/kg dose produced significantly better effects than theophylline.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Effects of administration routes on the uptake of uridine and 5-fluorouridine into an adenocarcinoma transplanted to rat liver.

In a model of secondary liver cancer in Wistar rats, the effect of different administration routes on the uptake of 3H-uridine into tumor and several normal tissues was studied. The rats were inoculated with a tumor cell suspension in the central liver lobe. Ten days later, they were distributed into four groups with a catheter placed in the gastroduodenal artery, the portal vein, one of the femoral veins, or in the peritoneal cavity. 3H-uridine was injected 46 h later and after an additional 90 minutes the animals were anesthetised and pieces of liver tumor and normal tissues were removed and frozen. The incorporation into the acid-soluble fraction and RNA was analyzed. In a separate experiment, 3H-fluorouridine was administered by the gastroduodenal artery and a comparison was made with the uptake of 3H-uridine. A significantly higher amount of uridine was incorporated into the tumor by the arterial route. The intraportal and intraperitoneal routes were comparable, while a somewhat higher incorporation was found by the systemic route. The consequences of using the different routes upon the incorporation into RNA of tumor and dose-limiting organs are demonstrated. With the aid of this experimental model, it is possible to evaluate further the effect by different manipulations on different drugs regarding the administration route.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1986

Comparison of two occlusive bandages in the treatment of venous leg ulcers.

A randomized controlled study was performed in 34 patients with venous leg ulcers. No difference was found in the healing rate between a new hydrocolloid dressing plus compression, and a double layer bandage, consisting of an inner paste bandage (i.e. a stocking impregnated with zinc oxide paste) and an outer elastic bandage. The parameters chosen for objective evaluation were stereophotogrammetric measurement of ulcer area and volume, and bacterial counts.

Aged↗
PubMed1986

Comparison of enprofylline and theophylline for intravenous treatment of acute asthma.

Thirty-nine patients with asthma requiring acute treatment were included in a randomized, double-blind, parallel study which compared the effect of enprofylline (1.0 mg/kg) and theophylline (3.0 mg/kg). The drugs were given intravenously over a period of 10 min. Peak flow (PEF), heart rate and plasma concentrations of the drugs were determined before and after the injection. Both enprofylline and theophylline significantly increased the PEF 30 min after the injection, the mean increases over the baseline values being 21% and 23%, respectively. The clinical effects assessed by the patient and the physician and the significant decreases in heart rate were similar for the two drugs. Side effects were rare. Thus, 1.0 mg/kg of enprofylline was comparable to 3.0 mg/kg of theophylline in the treatment of patients with acute asthma.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1986

Enprofylline and theophylline slow-eroding tablets in the treatment of asthma: a comparison.

Fifteen asthmatic outpatients were randomly treated during two periods of 14 days each with sustained-release preparations of either enprofylline (3-propyl-xanthine) or theophylline (Theo-Dur) in a double-blind crossover study. After 4 days of treatment the mean daily doses of enprofylline and theophylline, which were 14.1 and 16.2 mg/kg/day, produced mean plasma concentrations of 4.9 and 12.7 micrograms/ml, respectively. Taking into account all the parameters used to evaluate the antiasthmatic effects, the peak expiratory flow, the number of puffs used from a beta-agonist aerosol, the asthma symptom score and the patients' preferred period, enprofylline was found to be better than theophylline. Enprofylline produced more headaches during the 1st week than theophylline did. However, during the 2nd week the score for headaches decreased to the same level as in the theophylline treatment group. Thus, enprofylline and theophylline seem to have comparable bronchodilator properties and side-effects in the long-term treatment of asthma.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Erythema chronicum migrans in Sweden: clinical manifestations and antibodies to Ixodes ricinus spirochete measured by indirect immunofluorescence and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.

26 Swedish patients with erythema chronicum migrans (ECM) were studied regarding associated clinical symptoms and antibodies to Swedish Ixodes ricinus spirochete. 11/26 (42%) of the patients had associated symptoms, compared to more than 90% of 314 American patients with ECM, as described by Steere et al. Only 2/26 (8%) had multiple skin lesions, compared to 48% of the American patients. Elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate and circulating immune complexes were demonstrated in 6/25 (24%) and 8/25 patients (32%), respectively, as against in 53% and 84%, respectively, of the American patients. The antibody response to Ixodes ricinus spirochete was measured by indirect immunofluorescence (IFA) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Compared to the 95% percentile of controls, significantly high antibody titers were demonstrated in 3/25 (12%) by IFA, and 7/25 (28%) by ELISA. The ELISA antibody titers differed significantly (p less than 0.05) between ECM-patients and controls. The spirochetal antibody response in ECM was also compared with that in spirochete-associated disease of the central nervous system.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

Treatment of recurrent genital herpes simplex infections with oral acyclovir.

A total of 113 patients with recurrent genital herpes were enrolled in a multicentre cross-over study. Two consecutive recurrences were treated with either oral acyclovir 200 mg or matching placebo five times daily for five days. Acyclovir significantly reduced the time to crusting and healing and the duration of new lesions and symptoms. Acyclovir was not found to have any clinically significant effect on the haematological or biochemical parameters measured, or to have caused adverse events and was well tolerated. Early self-initiated treatment may abort a recurrent attack of genital herpes without progression to the ulcerative or crusting stage.

Acyclovir↗
PubMed1985

Effects of six anaesthetic agents on UDP-glucuronic acid and other nucleotides in rat liver.

Anaesthesia affects the liver nucleotide pool. It was the aim of the present study to examine how anaesthesia for 60 min with pentobarbital, ketamin + diazepam, halothane, enflurane and isoflurane may influence the nucleotide pool in the rat liver, studied with isotachophoresis. It was found that none of the agents gave both safe and reproducible anaesthesia without affecting the nucleotide pools or affecting the experiments in some other way. Halothane and isoflurane were the two best alternatives with respect to both efficiency and safety. Isoflurane may be preferable since it gives a higher energy charge.

Anesthetics↗
PubMed1985

Influence of hyperthermia and gamma radiation on ADP-ribosyl transferase, NAD+, and ATP pools in human mononuclear leukocytes.

Effects of hyperthermia (42.5 degrees C) and gamma radiation (30 Gy) on ADP-ribosyl transferase, NAD+, and ATP pools in human mononuclear leukocytes have been investigated. It was found that the gamma-ray activation level of the enzyme was not influenced by this hyperthermia for 45 min. Following deprivation of ATP synthesis by 2,4-dinitrophenol, an uncoupler of the oxidative phosphorylation, and omitting glucose from the culture medium, the NAD+ pool was reduced to about 60% of control value. The potentiation of ATP production by exogenously supplied adenosine was reduced after a combined treatment of the cells with hyperthermia and gamma radiation. Mitochondrial and endoplasmic changes within the mononuclear leukocytes were also observed. Based on these findings a model for the hyperthermia effect is proposed.

2,4-Dinitrophenol↗
PubMed1984

The effect of 5-fluoroorotic acid on the early labelling of nucleotides and RNA in whole liver and of RNA in subnuclear fractions in rats given 3H-orotic acid.

Male white rats were given either orotic acid or 5-fluoroorotic acid 60 min, and 3H-orotic acid 3 1/2 min before sacrifice. Liver nucleotides were analyzed by isotachophoresis. The (F)UTP pool increased to the same extent in both groups and showed the same specific labelling. The RNA synthesis, as measured by nmol of UTP entering RNA-UMP/g wet liver tissue was significantly lower in fluoroorotic acid treated rats. In the nucleolar fraction there was an increase in the RNA/DNA ratio, a decrease in the specific RNA labelling and an essentially unaltered specific labelling of RNA/microgram/DNA. The effect on the specific labelling of RNA/microgram DNA was the same in the nucleolar fraction and the nucleolar-free pellet, suggesting that the transcription of RNA in these two fractions proceeded in a similar way. There was a slight increase in the specific RNA labelling of the supernatant subnuclear fraction, containing low-molecular weight RNA. Incorporation into UDP-hexoses and UDP-N-acetylhexosamine was unchanged.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Equilibration of [3H]glucosamine and [35S]sulfate with intracellular pools of UDP-N-acetylhexosamine and 3'-phosphoadenosine-5'-phosphosulfate (PAPS) in cultured fibroblasts.

Nucleotides and sugar nucleotides were extracted from cultures of human fibroblasts with perchloric acid, separated by isotachophoresis, and quantified by uv absorption analysis at 254 nm. ATP (936 pmol/micrograms DNA) was, as expected, the dominating nucleotide pool. The energy charge was estimated to 0.9. The UDP-N-acetylhexosamine pool was also a very prominent compound (596 pmol/micrograms DNA). After incubation of fibroblasts with [3H]glucosamine, more than 95% of the acid-soluble radioactivity was found in the UDP-N-acetylhexosamine pool. Incubation with [35S]sulfate resulted in the incorporation of [35S]sulfate into 3'-phosphoadenosine-5'-phosphosulfate (PAPS). The latter could, however, only be measured as radioactivity, as the amount was too small to be quantified as total mass. Pulse-labeling of fibroblasts with [35S]sulfate and [3H]glucosamine from 5 min to 16 h showed that [35S]PAPS was equilibrated in less than 10 min, while [3H]glucosamine required a longer time, 2-4 h, to attain a steady state with UDP-N-acetylhexosamine. [14C]Glucose required approximately the same time as [3H]glucosamine to reach steady state with UDP-acetylhexosamine, which suggests that the reason for the long equilibration time is the slow turnover of this pool.

Adenine Nucleotides↗
PubMed1984

The clinical significance of bacterial growth in venous leg ulcers.

The importance of pathogenic bacteria in venous leg ulcers was analysed in a randomized open trial divided into 2 parts. During the first 2-week period the effects of physiological saline and dextranomer beads were compared. During the following 8 weeks the effect of porcine skin, aluminium foil and a double layer bandage were compared. The assessment of the results of treatment was based on the area and volume of the ulcer measured by stereophotogrammetry and the bacteriological findings. Staphylococcus aureus was the commonest isolated species. Mixed cultures comprising Staph. aureus and gram-negative bacteria were the next commonest finding. There was a low frequency of isolation of anaerobic bacteria. The bacteriological findings were similar in the different treatment groups. The nature of the bacterial isolates and the colonization estimated by a contact-transfer procedure bore no relationship to the clinical assessment as to whether the ulcer was clean or purulent. Healing of the ulcer was not influenced by the bacteria present. The findings seem to indicate that as a rule the bacteria in the ulcers are saprophytic and will disappear when the favourable environment for their growth is lost.

Aged↗
PubMed1984

Effects of gamma radiation and hyperthermia on DNA repair synthesis and the level of NAD+ in cultured human mononuclear leukocytes.

DNA repair has been investigated, estimated by unscheduled DNA synthesis (UDS) and the cellular NAD+ pool, after exposing human mononuclear leukocytes to hyperthermia and gamma radiation separately and in combination. It was found that gamma radiation induced a decline in UDS with increasing temperature through the temperature region studied (37-45 degrees C). At 42.5 degrees C the gamma-ray-induced UDS was reduced to about 70% of that at 37 degrees C. Following gamma-ray damage the NAD+ pool dropped to about 20% of control values. Without hyperthermic treatment the cells completely recovered to the original level within 5 hr. Moderate hyperthermia (42.5 degrees C for 45 min) followed by gamma-ray damage altered the kinetics so that even after 8 hr the NAD+ pool had recovered to only 70% of the original level. After heat treatment at 44 degrees C for 45 min prior to gamma radiation the cells did not recover at all, presumably because of the cytotoxic effects from the combined treatment.

Adenosine Diphosphate↗