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Biomedical subjects

G Debry

Publications and source records attributed to G Debry.

At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

Effects of medium- and long-chain triacylglycerols on adipose tissue metabolism in the obese Zucker rat.

The influence of a diet including 18 per cent by weight of long-chain (LCT) or medium-chain (MCT) triacylglycerols on adipose tissue development, and on in-vitro adipose tissue triacylglycerol (TG) synthesis from glucose and palmitic acid, was studied using genetically obese, fa/fa, and control, Fa/-, Zucker rats. The adipose tissue mass was greater with the LCT diet than with either the MCT or control diets, but there was no significant difference between the MCT and control diets. TG synthesis from labelled substrates was not modified by the MCT diet when compared with the control, but was decreased by the LCT diet. The results suggested that the use of MCT in treating human obesity would necessitate levels too high to be therapeutically practical.

Adipose Tissue↗
PubMed1982

Effect of a dietary protein deficiency on the development of hepatic drug-metabolizing enzymes in young rats.

The effect of protein deprivation on the activities of hepatic drug-metabolizing enzymes was studied in young rats whose mothers had previously been on a protein-restricted diet during pregnancy. Dietary protein deficiency (5% lactic casein as the protein source) lowered the amount of cytochrome P-450 and the activities of epoxide hydrolase and UDP-glucuronosyltransferase (UDPGT) (l-borneol as the substrate) by about 45, 63, and 48%, for the first 8 weeks, respectively. Interestingly, UDPGT estimated with p-nitrophenol as the substrate was far less affected than that estimated from l-borneol glucuronidation. This finding provides further evidence of the heterogeneity of UDPGT. Restoration of a balanced diet for 15 days following protein deprivation quickly restored cytochrome P-450 and enzyme activities to control values. Our experiments showed that the development of drug-metabolizing enzymes was changed more by the diet in young rats than in older rats. This could affect the toxicity of drugs that are normally metabolized by these pathways.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

[Influence of metabolic control on blood viscosity and platelet activity in insulin requiring diabetics].

Blood and plasma viscosities were determined using respectively a Couette type micro-viscometer (LS 30) and an automatic capillary viscometer (FICA). Plasma beta-thromboglobulin (beta-TG) levels were determined by radioimmunoassay. These parameters were measured in a group of 11 poorly controlled insulin requiring diabetics before and after blood glucose normalization using an artificial pancreas (Biostator GCIIS). Before connection to the artificial pancreas, blood and plasma viscosity and beta-TG levels were significantly higher in diabetics than in controls. The strict metabolic control obtained by the artificial pancreas resulted in a normalization of the hemorheological parameters and in a significant reduction of plasma beta-TG levels after 48 h. These results suggest that the metabolic control of diabetes influences the rheological behavior of blood and the metabolism of platelets.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

[Metabolism of insulin and immunoreactive insulin-like substances (proinsulin, HWIRI) in vivo in man].

Immunoreactive insulin (IRI) and its three constituents as determined by gel filtration: high molecular weight substances with insulin immunoreactivity (HWIRI), proinsulin (PI) and insulin (I), were measured hourly during 28 hours in the portal, hepatic and peripheral venous systems of a patient operated for a nesidioblastoma. The PI levels were constant from one system to the other (7.1 +/- 0.8 microU/ml; 7.3 +/- 0.8 microU/ml; 9.2 +/- 1.2 microU/ml). The I levels decreased from the portal (53.3 +/- 5.2 microU/ml) to the hepatic venous system (28.0 +/- 1.0 microU/ml) and from the latter to the peripheral venous system (19.8 +/- 2.0 microU/ml). The HWIRI levels were stable between the portal and the hepatic venous systems (4.7 +/- 0.7 microU/ml; 4.8 +/- 0.6 microU/ml) and higher in the peripheral system (8.2 +/- 1.2 microU/ml). Our results demonstrate that: --I is essentially degraded by the liver. --There is no variation of PI in the three compartments. --HWIRI is formed in the circulation. --Variations of IRI levels between venous systems acquire physiological significance only when accompanied by the variations of the levels of each constituent.

Adenoma, Islet Cell↗
PubMed1982

Hyperinsulinemia associated with normal C-peptide levels in a woman treated with isoniazide.

The authors report on the observation of a woman treated with isoniazide, who presented clinical symptoms of hypoglycemia during treatment (seating, confusion, anxio-depressive syndrome, lipothymia). After the antitubercular treatment was stopped, a moderate hypoglycemia without clinical manifestations accompanied by a marked hyperinsulinemia and normal C-peptide values was detected during a Conn's test. Serum gel filtration on Sephadex G 50 Fine showed that the measured hyperinsulinemia was effectively due to an insulin excess. This excess did not seem caused by surreptitious insulin injection. This seems to be the consequence of a deficiency in insulin catabolism because the C-peptide level was normal. The possible role of isoniazide on carbohydrate metabolism is discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

[Effect of moderate protein deficiency on reproduction in the female rat and on the development of the pups until weaning].

Two groups of Wistar female rats were respectively fed ad libitum a standard stock diet containing 22 p. 100 protein (n = 93) and a diet containing 7.5 p. 100 protein (n = 189) for 8 weeks. They were mated with male rats of the same strain after 2 weeks of these diets. A small decrease (8 p. 100) in fecundity was observed but this moderate protein deprivation did not affect either the litter size (9.68 +/- 3.50 vs 9.61 +/- 3.69) or the percentage of stillborn pups (4.8 vs 4.9 p. 100). The postnatal mortality of the pups of deprived dams was much higher than that of pups from normal dams (11.2 vs 0.9 p. 100). During the suckling period, the 7.5 p. 100 protein diet did not cover the requirements of the dams. They lost 20 p. 100 of their weight, whereas the weight of the dams fed the 22 p. 100 protein diet remained stable. The weight deficit of the young rats born from deprived dams was about 10 p. 100 at birth but it rose to 50 p. 100 at weaning. During the gestation and suckling periods, the maternal body stores and tissues were mobilized to assure the growth of the young.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

The liver and primary type IV hyperlipoproteinaemia: a pathological study.

We studied the histological structure of the livers of 36 patients presenting type IV primary hyperlipoproteinaemia. Electron microscopy revealed dilation of the smooth endoplasmic reticulum and rough endoplasmic reticulum as well as the presence of giant mitochondria containing para-crystalline inclusions. Steatosis was present in all type IV hyperlipoproteinaemic patients regardless of their weight or nutritional sensitivity (to alcohol or carbohydrate). The ultrastructural modifications observed by electron microscopy indicate an increased synthesis of very-low-density lipoproteins by the hepatocytes. An alteration in excretion cannot be ruled out with certainty even though the microfilamentary microtubular system was intact, since the qualitative and functional modifications in this system may be undetectable by electron microscopy.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Comparative study of four HDL-cholesterol assay methods.

Four methods for HDL-cholesterol assay are compared using the plasma of 119 subjects. Results for the entire population and for subgroups defined by triglyceridemia and cholesterolemia levels are determined. The methods used are: ultracentrifugation, electrophoresis, dextran sulfate precipitation, and concanavalin A precipitation. The results indicate that ultracentrifugation and electrophoresis are not easily adapted to routine work, require large investments and do not separate the lipoproteins according to physiopathological criteria. The HDL values obtained with the different methods show significant differences, even though the correlations between the methods are highly significant. The precipitation methods are easiest to perform; however, the HDL-cholesterol values from dextran sulfate precipitation are higher than those from concanavalin A precipitation. The authors discuss the best choice for determining the atherogenic risks of hyperlipoproteinemia in clinical practice.

Blood Protein Electrophoresis↗
PubMed1981

Venous plethysmography: measuring techniques and normal values.

A fixed procedure of strain gauge plethysmography in a control population aged between 20-30 years allows normal values for venous parameters (venous distensibility, emptying, and resistance) and capillary filtration coefficient, to be determined. High speed recording reveals two phases in venous emptying, one passive, purely elastic, and a second active phase, resulting from venous constriction.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

[Comparison in genetically hyperlipoproteinemic and normal rats of the captation and incorporation of isotopic oleic acid and glycerol at high concentration by the perfused liver].

Perfusions of isolated livers from genetically hyperlipoproteinemic Zucker fa/fa and normolipemic Zucker Fa/- rats are performed with loads of ]9,10-3H2] oleic acid and [1-14C] glycerol. The hepatic acylglycerols anabolism from these precursors is higher in the fa/fa rat than in the control Fa/- rats. Synthesis by esterification (of oleic acid) is more increased than de novo synthesis (from glycerol). The increase in lipid anabolism is due to an augmentation of the hepatic cellular mass, but this anabolism is not regulated in the same way than in the normal rat.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

[Comparison in genetically hyperlipoproteinemic and normal rats of the secretion of lipids synthesized by isolated livers perfused with isotopic oleic acid and glycerol at high concentrations].

After perfusing isolated livers of Zucker fa/fa ad Fa/- rats with loads of [9,10-3H2] oleic acid (346 mumol) and [1-14C] glycerol (115 mumol), glycerol inhibited the hepatic secretion of triacylglycerol and phospholipids in the two groups of rats. However, the amount of acylglycerols synthetized from these exogenous substrates is slightly higher in the obese rats than in the normal rats. These results suggest that glycerol, present in high amounts in blood of fa/fa rats, failed to regulate triacylglycerols and phospholipids secretion.

Animals↗