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Biomedical subjects

G Debry

Publications and source records attributed to G Debry.

At least 145 records · Page 8Linked to original sources
PubMed1981

[Incorporation of odd-numbered fatty acids into the hepatic lipids of Wistar rats].

Isolated Wistar rat livers are perfused with a recirculating medium which contain even- and odd- numbered fatty acids provided by yeast Candida tropicalis grown on n-paraffins. After perfusions odd- numbered fatty acids (OFA) (15:0, 17:0, 17:1) are mainly present in hepatic triacylglycerols, the latter are secreted in the circulating medium. Then OFA can participate in lipidic metabolism as even- numbered fatty acids.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Correlations between the apoprotein C composition of very-low-density lipoproteins and triglyceridemia in subjects with type IV hyperlipoproteinemia.

The protein composition of apoprotein C regarding peptides CII, CIII1, and CIII2 has been studied in VLDLs in 59 normal or hypertriglyceridemic subjects. The percentages of the peptides found in each subject were correlated with serum triacylglycerol levels. There are very good correlations between the proportion of VLDL apo CII and triglyceridemia (r = -0.63) and between the proportion of CII1 and triglyceridemia (r = 0.66). The proportion of apo CII decreases as triacylglycerol level increases, whereas the proportion of apo CII1 increases under the same conditions. The percentage of apo CII2 varies in the same way as does apo CII, but to a lesser degree. The apo CII/CIII1 and apo CIII2/CIII1 ratios decrease as triglyceridemia increases. In contrast, the apo CII/CIII2 radio, though reduced, is not significantly modified. Mechanisms are reviewed that could lead to changes in apoprotein C in subjects with hyperlipoproteinemia, and the possible relationship with lipoprotein lipase activity is discussed.

Apolipoproteins↗
PubMed1980

[One year fenofibrate treatment of type II primary hyperlipidaemia. Effects on lipoproteins and biological tolerance (author's transl)].

The study involved 18 patients aged from 17 to 71 years with idiopathic type IIa hypercholesterolaemia and 10 patients aged from 34 to 67 years with type IIb mixed hyperlipidaemia (HLP). During a first period of at least 3 months, the patients were established on a diet adapted to each type of HLP. Fenofibrate in daily doses of 5 mg/kg bodyweight was then added to the dietetic regimen. The effectiveness of the drug was assessed after 6 months and 1 year. In type IIa HLP patients LDL-cholesterol decreased by 29-30%. In type IIb HLP patients there was a decrease of 45-70% in VLDL-cholesterol of 12-15% in LDL-cholesterol and of 38-61% in VLDL-triglycerides. HDL levels measured before treatment were slightly higher than those reported in the literature and were not significantly modified by fenofibrate, except for HDL-triglycerides in type IIa patients after 12 months' treatment. As in all previous studies on lipoprotein fractions, the decrease in VL-DL-cholesterol was not accompanied by an increase in LDL-cholesterol. Fenofibrate was well tolerated, both clinically and biologically. There were no changes in serum bilirubin levels. Alkaline phosphatase levels were significantly reduced but remained within physiological values. A slight increase in mean transaminase levels due to a transient rise in 4 patients was observed after 3 and 65 months' treatment. Routine measurements of these parameters are advised during long-term fenofibrate treatment.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

[Influence of fenofibrate on blood platelet functions (author's transl)].

A study of blood lipids and platelet functions was conducted in north-eastern (Moselle) and southeastern (Var) France, among populations with widely different dietary habits and coronary disease mortality rates. Striking variations were found between the two populations with regard to platelet coagulation activity and response to various aggregation agents. On the other hand, plasma cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol and triglyceride levels were identical. Voluntary reduction by 53 subjects from Moselle in the consumption of saturated fats resulted, within one year, in remarkable improvement in platelet functions, thus demonstrating that the differences were due to diet and not to genetic factors. This being established, two studies were undertaken comparing healthy, normolipaemic subjects (control group) with two groups of type IIb hyperlipaemic subjects following the same pre-established diet and either untreated or treated with fenofibrate. They showed platelet hyperaggregation response to epinephrine in untreated subjects, whereas platelet functions in fenofibrate-treated subjects were identical with those in the control group. It would therefore seem that for many coronary disease patients changes in dietary habits combined with fenofibrate treatment might be one of the simplest and quickest ways of preventing the recurrence of myocardial infarction.

Blood Coagulation↗
PubMed1980

Determination of the K2 lipid clearance coefficient by centrifugation. A comparison with the Gordis test and spectrophotometric measurement.

The K2 lipid clearance coefficient was calculated for the intravenous fat tolerance test (iv FTT), after estimating triglycerides by spectrophotometry, the Gordis technique or by preparative ultracentrifugation. The best correlation between the K2 values (r = 0.95, p < 0.001) is for the results of the Gordis test and ultracentrifugation. Spectrophotometry shows poorer correlations: r = 0.66 and p < 0.05 with the Gordis test, and r = 0.78 and p < 0.01 with ultracentrifugation. Spectrophotometry is only suitable for detection but the two other techniques can be applied to more detailed studies. Ultracentrifugation is faster, less laborious and less liable to error.

Centrifugation, Density Gradient↗
PubMed1980

[Comparison of triglyceride and phospholipid synthesis in isolated Wistar rat liver perfused with high quantities of oleic acid and glycerol].

In a recirculating system, [9,10(-3)H2] oleic acid (346 mumol) and [1-14C] glycerol (115 mumol) are perfused into livers of 18-h fasting Wistar rats. These precursors are incorporated in same amounts into triacylglycerols, and in amounts growing up with the duration of the experiment (5 to 120 min). Their incorporation is slight into phospholipids. However, during the experiment, the increase of 3H/14C ratio of every acylglycerols shows that more lipids are synthetized in the acylation way than in the de novo way. The only synthesis of phospholipids, studied in the two ways, seems to be regulated, unlike the one of triacylglycerols in those experimental conditions.

Acylation↗
PubMed1980

[Secretion into the circulating medium of lipids synthetized by isolated Wistar rat liver perfused with high concentrations of oleic acid and glycerol].

In previously 18-h fasting Wistar rats, the liver is isolated and perfused with [9, 10(-3)H2] oleic acid (346 mumol and [1-14C] glycerol (115 mumol). Then, in a circulating medium, the secretion of triacylglycerols -- synthetized de novo and by esterification of exogenous oleic acid -- and VLDL is inhibited. On the other hand, the secretion of phospholipids is getting away that regulatory process.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

[Genetics of insulin-dependent juvenile diabetes].

Since the works of Singal and al. and Nerup and al., an increase in B 8, B 15 and B 18 antigens has been found in Insulin Dependent Diabetes. Thomson and al., Rubinstein and al. and the authors of this paper have shown an stronger association with DRw 3 and DRw 4 antigens. We investigated the genetic predisposition to juvenile diabetes in 22 families of 48 cases and 96 members. The study of one affected child in each family showed that DRw 3 was found in 63,63% and DRw 4 in 59,59% (healthy 16,22%)--RR = 9,0 and 7,49. The hypothesis of overdominance proposed by Nerup can be confirmed by our data, when I.D.D.M. share two different alleles (DRw 3 and DRw 4). 3 particular haplotypes with linkage imbalance are therefore observed in our series: B 8-Bf S-DRw 3, B 15-Bf F-DRw 4 and B 8-Bf F 1-DRw 3. Our date show a excessive transmission of the diabetic haplotype by parents who are either diabetics or carriers of the gene.

Antigens↗
PubMed1980

Elevation of C-peptide immunoreactivity in plasma of normal subjects after trypsin action.

After measuring the effects of trypsin on the plasma of forty-five fasting healthy subjects, a very large increase in C-peptide immunoreactivity was observed. Determination of the proinsulin concentration by gel filtration showed that this increase could not be solely imputed to conversion of circulating proinsulin into desalanyl-insulin and C-peptide by trypsin. Consequently, it is suggested that certain plasma proteins structurally similar to C-peptide might be released by the action of trypsin and crossreact in the radioimmunoassay.

C-Peptide↗
PubMed1980

Polyunsaturated fatty acids and vitamin E : their importance in human nutrition.

It is accepted that polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) and vitamin E are interrelated, but the nature of the relationship is still highly controversial. There is non unanimity of opinion with respect to methods for detecting moderate deficiencies in vitamin E. The methods vary depending on the species studied due to inter-species variations on the physiological consequences of PUFA and vitamin E consumption. Studies on man are rare, but have permitted to identify groups which are particularly sensitive to a disequilibrium in PUFA and vitamin E intake, notably as a function of age or nutritional state. The effectiveness of PUFA and vitamine E varies in pathological conditions. Recommended allowances values can only be temporary because of the limits of our knowledge. In man PUFA and vitamin E are of interest primarily for disease prevention and secondarily for therapy. Vitamin E acts both to limit the peroxydation of fats and an antitoxic substance. The concentrations of PUFA and vitamin E are different in blood and tissue, and vary from one tissue to another. Vitamin E is supplied by a number of food sources, but certain oils have the advantage of providing simultaneously vitamin E and PUFA in biologically adequate proportions for man.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

[Formation of nitrosamines in cheese products].

Several strains of micromycetes used as fermentation agents in the cheese industry or having led to accidents during cheese making are able to favor the formation of nitrosamines in 60% of the cases. The concentrations observed are similar to those found by other authors with other microorganisms. The results obtained in a semi-synthetic medium are checked during the ripening of experimental camembert type cheese made from milk containing nitrates and cultured with a strain of Penicillium camemberti, which favors very much the synthesis of nitrosamines. The amount of nitrosodimethylamine formed in this cheese increases from 5 to 20 ppb during ripening. A tentative explanation of the mechanism of formation is outlined.

Cheese↗
PubMed1980

[Analysis of volatile nitrosamines in foods and beverages: validity of results].

Analytical methods for volatile nitrosamines in foods and beverages are described. The possibilities of loss and formation of these compounds are discussed for each analytical step. The validity of the gas chromatographic and high performance liquid chromatographic determinations is evaluated for each detector type.

Beverages↗
PubMed1980

[Presence of volatile nitrosamines in food].

122 foods and 46 beers from the north-east of France and other areas are analysed. The solid frozen samples are finely ground, homogenized and suspended in mineral oil. The volatile nitrosamines are vacuum distilled and extracted with dichloromethane from the acidified distillate. The sample is concentrated and analysed with a gas chromatograph coupled to a TEA detector. The liquid samples are directly extracted with dichloromethane. The non grilled cured meat products are lightly polluted. The nitrosodimethylamine and nitrosopiperidine concentrations usually do not exceed 1 ppb. Only two samples out of about thirty are very polluted by the nitrosopiperidine (28,6 and 26 ppb), and also by the nitrosopyrrolidine (3 and 11 ppb). In the other samples this last nitrosamine is seldom and occurs only in trace amounts. The precooked canned meals and the cheese products are rarely and only lightly polluted. However beers are polluted most of the time. The nitrosodimethylamine is found in all the pale beers, with a concentration ranging from 0.1 to 21.3 ppb (m: 3.1). In dark beers the nitrosodimethylamine concentration ranges from 7.2 to 16.8 ppb (m: 10.1) and the nitrosopyrrolidine concentration has a mean value of 0.2 ppb.

Cheese↗