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Biomedical subjects

G Debry

Publications and source records attributed to G Debry.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

In vitro existence of a trypsin dependent C-peptidase in human plasma. Discussion of its possible role in vivo.

The C-peptide immunoreactivity (CPR) is markedly increased after a short incubation of human plasma with trypsin. Three experiments (study of the action of trypsin-treated plasma on labelled CPR, precipitation of plasma proteins with polyethylene glycol, CPR measurement with three different radioimmunoassays kits) were made in order to account for this phenomenon. The concordant results obtained and the inhibitory action of aprotinin observed in these experiments led us to conclude to the existence in plasma of a trypsin dependent C-peptidase with a specificity for the COOH terminus of the complete CPR (Arg - Arg - C-peptide - Lys - Arg). The role of this protease is probably minor in the C-peptide degradation process but could have an effect on the insulin catabolism through the existence of the alpha 2 - macroglobulin - trypsin complexes and insulin protease. This suggests a possible influence of the exocrine pancreas on the endocrine pancreas.

Chromatography, Gel↗
PubMed1983

Fenofibrate and human liver. Lack of proliferation of peroxisomes.

In rodents fenofibrate shares with other triglyceride-lowering agents the potential to increase the liver peroxisome population. It was therefore of interest to look for this effect in hyperlipoproteinemic patients receiving this drug. Light and electron microscopy of liver biopsies from a group of 10 patients treated with fenofibrate and from another group of 15 receiving diet only, show no morphological difference between both groups. In contrast with the rodent data the morphometric study reveals no significant changes in the number (fenofibrate group: 7.96 10(10) cm-3; group receiving diet alone: 8.41 10(10) peroxisomes/cm3 of liver tissue) or in the size (fenofibrate group: Diameter = 0.53 +/- 0.07 micrometer--group receiving diet alone: 0.50 +/- 0.06) of peroxisomes. The difference between our results and those obtained consistently in rodents may be due to the relatively low dose in man and/or a species-dependent difference in enzyme content of liver peroxisomes, itself related to an apparent difference in the way in which lipids are handled.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Plasma glucose and insulin responses to oral glucose in nonobese subjects and patients with endogenous hypertriglyceridemia.

Plasma glucose and insulin responses to a 50-gm oral glucose challenge were determined in 396 nonobese subjects: 220 patients with endogenous hypertriglyceridemia and 176 normal persons. These groups were further subdivided on the basis of relative body weight: 1.0-1.1 and 1.1-1.2. Patients with endogenous hypertriglyceridemia whose obesity index was between 1.0 and 1.1 had significantly increased plasma glucose (more than 25%, P less than 0.001) and insulin (more than 18%, P less than 0.01) responses. Similar findings were also observed in patients with endogenous hypertriglyceridemia whose index of obesity was between 1.1 and 1.2, ie, there was a 25% increase in the plasma glucose response (P less than 0.001) and a 37% increase in the plasma insulin response (P less than 0.001). Thus, endogenous hypertriglyceridemia can occur in nonobese individuals, and these patients have an increase in their plasma glucose and insulin responses when weight-matched with nonobese normal subjects.

Blood Glucose↗
PubMed1983

Application of the concanavalin A precipitation technique in an evaluation of fenofibrate action on cholesterolemia in IIa and IIb hyperlipemic subjects.

Total plasma cholesterol and lipoprotein fractions were studied before and after 4 months fenofibrate (Lipanthyl) treatment of 34 hypercholesterolemic adults (16 IIa and 18 IIb), using a concanavalin A precipitation technique. The total plasma cholesterol levels decreased significantly for both IIa and IIb (24 and 18%, respectively, p less than 0.001). Fenofibrate reduced the apoprotein B bound cholesterol in IIa and IIb (29 and 27%, respectively, p less than 0.001). Apoprotein A bound cholesterol increased significantly in IIb (29%, p less than 0.001), but there was no significant increase in IIa (11%). Triglycerides were significantly reduced in both groups. In the light of concanavalin A specificity for apoprotein B and the utility of this technique, it is suggested that the concanavalin A precipitation technique may be applied to hyperlipidemic subjects undergoing treatment with lipid-lowering agents.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

[Plasma glycerol and hepatic synthesis of lipoproteins in the Zucker fa/fa rat].

In order to determine if excess plasma glycerol originating in lipolysis increased the synthesis and secretion of lipoproteins in the liver of Zucker fa/fa rats, labelled (1-14C) glycerol was injected in vivo in the jugular vein, in the presence of (9,10-3H20 oleic acid and Triton WR 1339 to block plasma clearance of neoformed lipoproteins and to be secreted into the blood by the liver. Glycerol stimulated hepatic synthesis of lipids in the Zucker fa/fa rat. This resulted in an increased secretion by the liver of VLDL and lipoproteins comparable to chylomicrons.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

[Effects of diets containing medium-chain and long-chain triacylglycerols in the genetically obese Zucker fa/fa rat. Composition of fatty acids and triacylglycerols of the liver and adipose tissues].

The effects of a hyperlipidic diet containing medium-chain triacylglycerols (MCT) or long-chain triacylglycerols (LCT) and a control diet on the lipid composition of liver and adipose tissue in the Zucker fa/fa and Fa/- rat are compared. The weights of liver and adipose tissues of the rats fed the MCT diet are little different from those of the two other groups, but they are always higher in obese rats than in lean rats. After feeding the MCT diet, the amounts of the constituent octanoic and decanoic acids in liver and adipose tissues are higher in the fa/fa rat than in the Fa/- rat. The rate of lipogenesis in liver and adipose tissues of the obese rat fed the MCT diet remains high.

Adipose Tissue↗
PubMed1983

[Apoprotein B in high density lipoproteins: variations according to the type of hyperlipoproteinemia].

Two techniques for the separation of high density lipoproteins are compared: ultracentrifugation and concanavalin A precipitation. There is a significant correlation for the high density lipoproteins cholesterol levels found by the two techniques (r = 0.66, p less than 0.001). Nonetheless ultracentrifugation gives higher values than precipitation. When the ultracentrifuged high density lipoproteins fraction was precipitated with concanavalin A, a highly significant correlation was found between the amounts of apoprotein B and cholesterol present in the precipitate (r = 0.90, p less than 0.001). These results indicate the presence of a subfraction of the ultracentrifuged high density lipoproteins fraction which is precipitated by concanavalin A and which contains apoprotein B. This fraction is present in varying proportions according to the type of hyperlipoproteinemia, types iib and IV having the greatest amounts. In conclusion, only the concanavalin A precipitation technique results in a separation of apoprotein B-containing and non-apoprotein B-containing lipoproteins. This renders it preferable to ultracentrifugation for determining atherogenicity risks.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

[Diet treatment of hyperliproteinemias].

The authors mention the previous conditions to the prescription of a diet for primary hyperlipoproteinemia: definition of the metabolic disease and of its nutritional dependance, precise knowledge of earlier nutritional uses, demonstration of vascular risk factor linked to the hyperlipoproteinemia, i.e. obesity which always requires a hypocaloric diet. A low cholesterol and saturated fatty acid diet reduces by 10% the cholesterolemia, and sometimes exempts from use of medical drugs in moderate hypercholesterolemia. The exceptional hyperchylomicronemia are reduced by drastic reduction of the lipid fraction of the diet, which is compensated by use of MCT. The dietetic treatment of endogenous hypertriglyceridemia depends on their nutritional dependance: an alcohol dependance implies a complete suppression of alcoholic drinks. A glucid dependance implies the suppression of simple carbohydrates and a reduction of the glucidic fraction of the diet.

Carbohydrate Metabolism↗
PubMed1983

[Long-term hypotensive treatment by butofilolol].

Eighteen patients, most of them plethoric, exhibiting stage I, II or III permanent essential hypertension, were treated following reduction of their weight excess with moderate doses of butofilolol. The minimum duration of treatment was 6 months; 5 patients received the drug for more than 1 year, and the last 3 for more than 18 months. An antihypertensive effect of butofilolol was observed in 11 of 18 cases. It was deemed very good or good in 9 patients, i.e. 50 p. cent; this is the usual rate of efficacy of beta-blocking agents in this indication. The effective dose, administered as 1 or 2 daily doses, is 200 mg/day on an average (range 75-300). No true manifestation of clinical or biological intolerance was recorded, although the patients were continued on low-calorie diets, and some of them showed disturbances of glycoregulation. It is the author's opinion that butofilolol constitute a good therapeutic approach to hypertension in plethoric subjects, when the weight reduction has failed to correct it adequately--if at all.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

[Effects of a diet containing ethanol on the composition of fatty acids of liver, blood and adipose tissue in the Zucker fa/fa rat].

Zucker fa/fa rats were subjected to chronic ethanol intoxication; (alcohol incorporated into the diet represented 36% of the energy of the control diet. The amount of endogenous hepatic fatty acids was lower with the alcohol diet than with the control diet. The incorporated alcohol had no significant influence on the fatty acid composition of adipose tissue. The variations in the fatty acid composition of the blood followed the same patterns as those of the rat liver.

Adipose Tissue↗
PubMed1983

[Determination of plasma tocopherols using high performance liquid chromatography].

The authors describe an analytical method for the determination of plasma vitamin E by high performance liquid chromatography. 100 microliters of plasma are added to en ethanol-hexane mixture in presence of ascorbic acid. The hexan phase is concentrated and 50 microliters are injected directly into the chromatography in a silica gel column. The detector is set at 280 nm. The very low quantity of plasma required for the determination makes this method very useful in neonatal medicine.

Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid↗
PubMed1983

Modifications in apoprotein C composition of very low density lipoproteins in type IV hyperlipoproteinemic subjects after dietetic triglyceridemia reduction.

Variations in peptide composition of apoprotein C from very low density lipoproteins were studied in 10 type IV hyperlipoproteinemics, before and after triglyceridemia normalization through appropriate diet. The subjects were sensitive to carbohydrates or alcohol : a reduction or elimination of the inducing nutrient led to a decrease in serum triacylglycerol levels, correlated with an increase in the proportion of apo CII and a decrease in the proportion of apo CIII1. Apo CIII2 was not affected. This led to an increased ratio, apo CII/apo CIII1. The percentage of variation of different lipid (triacylglycerols and cholesterol) and protein (apoproteins CII, CIII2) parameters were also studied.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Effect of reduction of triacylglycerol level on fatty acid and glucose incorporation into human adipose tissue in type IV hyperlipoproteinaemia.

The fatty acid incorporation into adipose tissue (FIAT) and glucose incorporation into adipose tissue (GLIAT) have been measured in 11 patients suffering from Type IV hyperlipoproteinaemia during the hypertriglyceridaemic phase (HTG) and after normalization of triacylglycerol (TG) levels as a result of a diet which was adapted to the nutritional response of subjects. Results have been compared with those obtained in 10 reference subjects. During the HTG phase FIAT and GLIAT activities were significantly lower than in the case of reference subjects: FIAT (76.5 vs 185 nmol divided by 3/g adipose tissue/h, GLIAT (92.5 vs 208 nmol x2/g adipose tissue/h). After reduction of HTG, these activities increased in a significant way, FIAT (137.7 vs 76.5 nmol divided by 3/g/h) and GLIAT (160 vs 92.5 nmol X 2/g/h). These results agree with the hypothesis that the reduced incorporation of fatty acids and glucose into adipose tissue, measured in vitro, is partly due to the modification of the profile of lipoproteins and apoproteins related to hypertriglyceridaemia.

Adipose Tissue↗
PubMed1983

[Automatic recording of venous hysteresis. Results in the normal subject and in varicose patients].

The measurement of the venous distensibility by straingauge plethysmography during a semi-continuous variation (3 mm Hg every 20 seconds) of the cuff pressure during its inflation from 0 to 100 mm Hg and its deflation allow to record the venous hysteresis and to determine accurately the venous pressure. The standardized and automatic (Periflow J.S.I.) new method is highly discriminative between controls and varicose patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Comparison of 5 reflectance meters for capillary blood glucose determination.

Manufacturing quality, accuracy and users opinion (i.e. medical and nurses staff and patients) were compared among five Destrostix reading reflectance-meters for home-blood-glucose-monitoring. Two machines (dextrometer and glucometer) equipped with microprocessors, integrated circuits and good quality wiring are best made. Reflectance-meter capillary blood glucose measurements were found to be accurate enough for home-blood-glucose-monitoring, compared to a reference method. However, two machines from the same brand were different in blood glucose accuracy. Glucocheck had poorest results. Users prefer small sized, battery powered machines. Glucometer appears to be best suited to home-blood-glucose-monitoring.

Blood Glucose↗