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Biomedical subjects

F Schmid

Publications and source records attributed to F Schmid.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

[Injuries of the medial collateral ligament and anterior cruciate ligament of the knee joint and its surgical-functional treatment using the Lemaire technic].

The operative-functional treatment of ligamentous tears of the knee joint avoids additional damage due to immobilisation and shortens the rehabilitation period. The basic idea and details of the Lemaire operations are explained. With an average follow up time of 3.5 years, 113 ligamentous plasties mainly for recent tears of the medial collateral and anterior cruciate ligament have been clinically and radiologically assessed by an independent surgeon. Excellent and good results were obtained in 80 to 90% of the patients. The lateral plasty for torn anterior cruciate ligaments prevents successfully antero-lateral subluxation and thus protects the menisci from tear and the cartilage from degenerative alteration. No obvious increase of torn menisci and degenerative signs could be detected in our series of evaluated knees. The Lemaire procedure for old and recent tears of the medial collateral and the anterior cruciate ligament carries little operative risk and inconvenience for the patient and is indicated in any age group, for the young patient as well as for the older but still active person. We recommend the Lemaire operation as an alternative method in treating ligamentous injuries of the knee joint.

Follow-Up Studies↗
PubMed1986

Eicosanoids and metastasis: experimental aspects in Lewis lung carcinoma.

Lewis lung primary carcinomas have been extracted for eicosanoids, and the findings examined in relation to lung metastases. The order of the 5 compounds measured was PGE2 greater than PGE1 greater than PGF2 alpha greater than 6-keto-PGF1 alpha greater than TXB2. On the basis of the observation that the balance of PGI2 and TXA2 is altered in metastasis (Honn et al., 1983), the effects of Nafazatrom, a PGI2 enhancing agent, and imidazole, a thromboxane synthetase inhibitor, were tested. The experimental approach taken was to study spontaneous lung metastases after removal of the primary tumour at 13 days after tumour cell inoculation. Both Nafazatrom and imidazole decreased the lung weight when given during the period either before or after the excision of the primary tumour. There was a general trend toward an increase in the number of small lung nodules (greater than 2 mm) and a decrease in large lung nodules (greater than 2 mm) as a result of the chemotherapy. Mean survival time of the mice was significantly different among the five groups, with the mice surviving the longest in the group treated with Nafazatrom after the excision of the primary tumour.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Some observations on various dose regimens of thymopentin treatment in rheumatoid arthritis.

Eight patients suffering from active rheumatoid arthritis were treated with thymopentin, 50 mg, administered as fractionated intravenous infusion over 10 min 3 times weekly for 3-20 weeks. Seven patients experienced clear-cut amelioration of symptoms and signs after just 2-4 weeks of treatment, and this improvement lasted for 6-8 weeks after thymopentin had been discontinued. Comparable positive results were observed in 2 patients who later continued thymopentin therapy by subcutaneous administration. Several subcutaneous dose regimens were tried; the optimal response appears to be achieved with 100-150 mg three times weekly and 150-200 mg twice a week, respectively. Because the subcutaneous therapeutic approach is more attractive to the patient-and also more practical for the physician-it should be investigated further.

Adjuvants, Immunologic↗
PubMed1984

An early intermediate in the folding of ribonuclease A is protected against cleavage by pepsin.

Folding of bovine pancreatic ribonuclease A (RNase A) is a sequential process which involves the formation of well-populated structural intermediates under suitable conditions. Two intermediates have been detected on the major slow-refolding pathway of RNase A: a late intermediate (IN) which already resembles the native protein in a number of properties and a rapidly formed early intermediate (I1) which shows extensive hydrogen-bonded secondary structure. Here competition experiments between refolding and proteolytic cleavage of the peptide chain are described which yield information about the decrease in accessibility of particular proteolytic cleavage sites during the folding process. Results obtained with pepsin as a proteolytic probe of folding indicate that the primary cleavage site for pepsin, Phe-120-Asp-121, becomes inaccessible early in the course of refolding, if folding is carried out under conditions which effectively stabilize the native state. Under marginally stable conditions, folding is very slow, and protection against peptic cleavage is not detectable prior to the final formation of native protein. The comparison with amide proton exchange experiments suggests that the protection against peptic cleavage occurs during the formation and/or stabilization of hydrogen-bonded secondary structure in the early intermediate (I1). We conclude that the carboxy-terminal region of the RNase peptide chain, which is known to be important for the stability of the folded protein, may also be relevant for early steps of refolding.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

First observations on high-dosed and long-term thymopentin treatment in active rheumatoid arthritis.

In this pilot study carried out in two centres, six male and two female patients with severe active rheumatoid arthritis (RA) (average duration over 10 years) were treated with thymopentin 50 mg in the form of prolonged i.v. injection (over 10 min), 3 times weekly for 3 to 20 weeks. Two of these patients were subsequently treated with different s.c. doses of thymopentin in a crossover fashion for more than two years, including periods without any treatment or treatment with placebo. The overall clinical efficacy was judged by assessing pain patterns and joint status and the functional stage of the patients according to Steinbrocker; in addition, the sedimentation rate was measured before and after the therapy. Seven out of eight patients showed definite improvement in their clinical status as assessed by the Steinbrocker scale. Most of the symptoms, particularly pain, capsular swelling, tenderness and morning stiffness, were remarkably reduced within 3 weeks of thymopentin treatment. Sedimentation rate decreased in five out of eight patients. Prolonged i.v. injections seemed to have somewhat better effects than s.c. administration; in the latter group the highest dose (3 X 100 mg/week or higher) produced the best results. During placebo treatment and during the medication-free intervals both groups of patients got worse. No side-effects occurred during the study.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Effects of selected compounds on the McCall rat colon adenocarcinoma.

Forty-seven substances were tested for antitumor activity against the McCall rat colon adenocarcinoma. The most effective compounds were mitomycin C, 1,1', 1"-phosphinothiolylidynetrisaziridine and adriamycin. Others less active were azaserine, N-(4-chlorophenyl)-N'-(1-methylethyl)-imidodicarbonimidic diamide and 3,6-bis(5-chloro-2-piperidinyl)-2,5-piperazinedione. A number of standard anticancer drugs, 5-fluorouracil, arabinosylcytosine, methotrexate, bleomycin, daunomycin, 6-mercaptopurine, cis-dichlorodiammine platinum(II), cyclophosphamide and actinomycin D, were not effective under the test conditions and evaluation procedure used. Lentinan, though causing no initial inhibition of growth, did cause some regression. Significant synergism in terms of regression was seen in combination therapy with mitomycin C and azaserine.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1981

[The pathogenesis of pulmonary edema after being buried by an avalanche].

A case of pulmonary edema in a rescued avalanche victim is described. The pathogenesis of this complication involves respiratory and hemodynamic factors which are responsible for the development of a hydrostatic pressure gradient between capillaries and alveoli. The resulting transsudation requires some time after the victim has been buried and probably the appearance of pulmonary edema directly precedes death. This might be one of the reasons why pulmonary edema has rarely been observed. However, such an event can, theoretically, be considered part of the pathophysiological processes in buried avalanche victims. In addition to the usual emergency treatment, therapy should, in the light of this theoretical consideration, also be directed towards normalization of the pressure relationship. This can be accomplished by decreasing the pressure in the lung capillaries and increasing the pressure in the alveoli.

Disasters↗
PubMed1980

[Morphological and metric aberrations of the hand-bones in patients with mongolism--an x-ray study (author's transl)].

The evaluation of 2758 X-rays of the hands of 1047 patients with mongolism showed some morphological and metric aberrations: We discovered pseudoepiphyses in 82,4%, a brachymesophalangia in 67%, a dysmesophalangia in 4,6% and clinodactyly in 56,4%. The length of the hands of the patients with mongolism is in all ages shorter than in controls; there is also a distinct acromicria. These alterations are interpreted as a sign of the cerebral affection as well as a general aberration of the mesenchyma.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

[Measurements of the transfer of force by bone screws].

Bone screws normally used for functionally stable osteosynthesis were subjected to marginal torque in a limited number of cadaver mandibles. Since the various manufacturers differ considerably in lead, form of thread, and relation of external and internal diameters, the experiments appeared to us to be revealing in terms of the practical application. The experimental set up was presented in addition to the findings.

Biomechanical Phenomena↗
PubMed1980

[Treatment of jaw fractures in the Göttingen minipig].

The Freiburg tension plate was used with Göttingen minipigs not particularly to determine the clinical relevance but rather to facilitate animal experiments with the minipig which are impossible with splints or wire. Our studies showed that the AO-mandibular-DC plates with 45 degrees arrangement of apertures used in the clinical field are also suitable for fragment stabilization with minipigs, even though the masticatory force is considerably greater than with humans. A functionally stable osteosynthesis was achieved in animal experiments, whereby the masticatory function of the minipigs was not disturbed. The fractures healed without complications.

Animals↗