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Biomedical subjects

F Rasmussen

Publications and source records attributed to F Rasmussen.

At least 181 records · Page 10Linked to original sources
PubMed1979

Porcine nephropathy induced by long-term ingestion of ochratoxin A.

Nine pigs were fed crystalline ochratoxin A in their feed at a concentration of about 1 mg/kg. Three pigs and their controls were killed after 3 months and 6 pigs and controls were killed after 2 years. A decrease of the ratio TmPAH/CIn, increased urinary glucose excretion and decreased ability to concentrate urine, occurred within a few weeks and aggravated slightly during the 2-year period. Changes in renal structure, characterized by degeneration and atrophy of proximal tubules, interstitial fibrosis and hyalinization of glomeruli, were progressive during time of exposure, but terminal renal failure was not reached. The kidney, liver, muscular and adipose tissue contained 3 to 27 microgram ochratoxin A/kg after 3 months of exposure. No further accumulation of ochratoxin A residue was found after 2 years of exposure.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Toxicokinetics.

The absorption, distribution and elimination of toxic compounds can be described by means of kinetic parameters such as used in pharmacology. Administration of toxic doses may lead to changes in some of the parameters. The toxic effect may further influence the known parameters of some test substances. Toxicokinetic parameters will be described using examples from two groups of compounds 1) naturally occurring toxic compounds and 2) synthetic compounds. Changes in elimination parameters caused by toxic substances will be demonstrated a.o. the effect of long term intake of ochratoxin A and methoxyethyl mercury on the kidney function in swine. In both examples are demonstrated a pronounced reduction in the clearances of inulin and para-amino-hippuric acid. Furthermore, an elucidation of concentration dependent change in enzyme activity and changes in metabolism of pesticides will be given. As examples alkylphosphates and dinitrophenols in domestic animals will be used.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

A comparative study of serum creatine phosphokinase (CPK) activity in rabbits, pigs and humans after intramuscular injection of local damaging drugs.

Serum creatine phosphokinase (CPK) activity has been determined before and after intramuscular injection of lidocaine, diazepam or saline in humans and lidocaine, diazepam, digoxin and saline in pigs and rabbits. Two ml volum of each of the drugs was given to humans as well as to the experimental animals. No changes in CPK activity were found after saline in humans or rabbits but a minor increase was demonstrated in pigs. A marked increase of CPK activity was demonstrated after lidocaine or diazepam in humans and after lidocaine, diazepam or digoxin in pigs and rabbits. Post mortem examination of the injection sites in the animals revealed extensive muscle tissue necrosis after lidocaine, diazepam and digoxin. No damage of the tissue was found after saline. CPK activity was also determined in rabbits receiving 2 ml of dilutions of diazepam in saline. The injection sites were examined post mortem. The CPK activity was increased in animals receiving 1:2 and 1:8 dilutions while a 1:20 dilution did not give rise to changes in the enzyme activity. The necrotic area diminished when diazepam was diluted and no pathological changes were found at the injection sites after the 1:20 dilution. Measuring the CPK activity in rabbits after an intramuscular injection seems to be a sensitive method for the determination of local toxicity.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Prostatic carcinoma treated with 2,6-cis-diphenylhexamethylcyclotetrasiloxane (Cisobitan).

Thirteen patients with stage III or IV carcinoma of the prostate were treated with 2,6-cis-Diphenylhexamethylcyclotetrasiloxane (Cisobitan, a new organosilicon compound. The drug proved to be a strong antiandrogen and exerted all the known effects of estrogens, including feminization and cardiovascular complications. It is therefore doubtful whether Cisobitan will be a reasonable alternative to estrogens in the treatment of patients with advanced prostatic cancer.

Aged↗
PubMed1978

Congenital ataxia and tremor with cerebellar hypoplasia in piglets borne by sows treated with Neguvon vet. (metrifonate, trichlorfon) during pregnancy.

In 1976--77 The State Veterinary Serum Laboratory received new-born pigs which had shown nervous disorders immediately after birth. In all the cases the sows had been treated with Nevugon vet. (metrifonate, trichlorfon) during pregnancy. In the majority of the affected litters the morbidity and lethality were 100 per cent. Analysis of the breeding data from some of the herds suggested that the period during which the fetuses are sensitive is rather narrow, i.e., approximately from day 45 to day 63. The disease was reproduced experimentally and it was concluded that oral treatment of pregnant sows with Neguvon vet. about the middle of the gestation period can result in severe nervous disorders in the piglets. Clinically the disease is characterized by ataxia and tremor, and corresponding to that there is a pronounced hypoplasia of the cerebellum and also a reduction in the size of the spinal cord.

Abnormalities, Drug-Induced↗
PubMed1977

Displacement of bilirubin from human albumin by three diuretics.

The interaction of three diuretics with bilirubin-albumin complexes was studied using the peroxidase assay, erythrocyte uptake, and sephadex gel filtration. On a molar basis, each diuretic was as potent or more potent than sulfisoxazole in displacing bilirubin from albumin. Furosemide and ethacrynic acid, when used at the recommended dosage (1 mg/kg), would probably not produce a significant increase in free bilirubin in most infants. Chlorothiazide could introduce a significant risk to jaundiced infants because of the higher dosage required.

Bilirubin↗
PubMed1977

Half-life, apparent volume of distribution and protein-binding for some sulphonamides in cows.

The half-lives, apparent volume of distribution and protein-binding of 11 sulphonamides were determined in 89 experiments on 49 cows. The estimations of half-lives indicated the presence of a distribution phase (alpha-phase) for all the sulphonamides investigated with the exception of sulphachloropyridazine. The elimination half-life (beta-phase) of the sulphonamides in plasma varied from 70 to 1000 min and was positively correlated with the solubility of the compounds in organic solvents. This was explained by the greater reabsorption of the more fat-soluble compounds in the kidneys. All the sulphonamides except sulphadimidine had a shorter half-life in cows than previously reported from human investigations. The apparent volume of distribution was about one for sulphanilamide and lower for all the other sulphonamides investigated. The protein-binding estimated in vitro agreed well with the in vivo results. It was slightly lower than in humans and the degree of protein-binding decreased with increasing sulphonamide concentration in plasma.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

Tissue damage and concentration at the injection site after intramuscular injection of chemotherapeutics and vehicles in pigs.

Intramuscular injection sites were examined for macroscopical and microscopical changes and for residues of drugs six and 30 days after injection of chemotherapeutic preparations or vehicles in swine. The chemotherapeutic preparations contained sulphonamide and/or trimethoprim. All the chemotherapeutic preparations and the vehicles except physiological saline and sterile water caused macroscopical and microscopical changes, mainly appearing as areas of necrotic muscle tissue six days after the injection and as scar tissue 30 days after the injection. Residues of drugs were found at nearly all the injection sites six days after the injection, while 30 days after the injection only residues of sulphonamides were detectable in nearly half of the injection sites.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

Investigations of the excretion of gamma-glutamyl-transpeptidase into the urine.

The excretion of the enzyme gamma-glutamyl-transpeptidase and its isoenzymes into the urine was investigated in patients with renal diseases and compared with the excretion of the enzymes leucine-aminopeptidase and lactate-dehydrogenase. In animal experiments an increased excretion of these enzymes was found after autotransplantation. Increased excretion of gamma-glutamyl-transpeptidase was also found in patients with glomerulonephritis and in the polyuric phase of acute tubular necrosis, but not in cases of pyelonephritis and in the oliguric phase of acute tubular necrosis. The alterations of the isoenzyme pattern during diseases with increased enzyme excretion are in accordance with the hypothesis that the enzymes are liberated from the kidney tissue into the urine, and only a minority stems from the blood. Investigation of the excretion of gamma-glutamyl-transpeptidase and its isoenzymes into the urine seems to be of both scientific and clinical interest.

Animals↗