[Delayed sternal closure in patients with total anomalous pulmonary venous damage: with regard to left ventricular and atrial dimension].
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Echocardiography↗
Biomedical subjects
F Mori
Publications and source records attributed to F Mori.
Long-term follow-up in children without heart disease with ventricular premature beats.
In order to evaluate the significance of premature ventricular beats (PVBs) in childhood, 9 children (mean age 12.8 +/- 2.3 years) without clinical or in noninvasive investigational signs of heart disease, with occasional PVBs detected during early medical control, have been studied over periods ranging from 12 to 68 months. At the beginning and end of the follow-up period all children performed a step test, a maximal cycloergometric exercise test, 24-hour electrocardiographic monitoring, echocardiogram and routine laboratory examinations. While at first control complex PVBs were found in 4 children, at final control only 2 showed complex PVBs, 1 simple PVBs and 1 no PVB. Among the 5 children having simple PVBs at first control, only one showed complex PVBs at the end of the follow-up, with 3 simple PVBs and 1 no PVB. The disappearance of more dangerous PVBs (run of three or more) and also the large variability of arrhythmia (both for its presence and complexity) during the numerous tests, seem to demonstrate that in children with normal hearts the occurrence of PVBs can be considered as benign and free of adverse implications.
Adolescent↗
Ergometric evaluation of physical fitness of athletes affected by mitral valve prolapse: study of 80 cases.
Physical fitness of athletes affected by mitral valve prolapse (MVP) was examined, in order to evaluate the influence of sport activity on the natural history of the disease. Maximal workload, total workload, percentage efficiency (according to Hollmann's formula), double product of maximal cycloergometric stress test performed by 80 athletes (53 male, 27 female, mean age 23.8 yrs) with MVP were considered and compared with the same parameters obtained by 160 (120 male, 40 female) normal athletes (N) matched for age and weight. Moreover, the same ergometric data of two maximal exercise tests, performed by 30 subjects of the MVP group, a mean follow-up period of 2.5 years (range 1-6 years) were compared. No significant difference was found between MVP and N group ergometric data, except for double product, that was significantly lower in MVP group with respect to N group (P less than 0.001). Moreover, no difference was found between MVP with or without mitral regurgitation, and N. No difference was found between the first and the last ergometric test in the follow-up group. In conclusion, our results suggest that athletes with MVP have no reduction of physical fitness. Ergometric follow-up, almost in our cases, does not indicate a negative influence of physical activity on the natural history of the disease.
Adult↗
[Multiparameter evaluation of tricuspid insufficiency using two-dimensional echocardiography, Doppler and contrast echocardiography].
The evaluation of the presence and severity of tricuspid insufficiency is still difficult even if many criteria of grading are available for different techniques. In this study the data obtained from Doppler mapping of the right atrium, from the analysis of the hepatic vein flow and from the contrast echocardiography of the inferior vena cava in 56 patients with mitral or mitral-aortic valvulopathy and with clinically suspected tricuspid insufficiency were submitted to the cluster analysis. This analysis was used to redistribute the study population according to the following parameters: diameter of the inferior vena cava, maximal systolic and diastolic flow of the hepatic veins, the length of regurgitant jet in right atrium and the duration of contrast in vena cava. The aim was to identify the variability range of each degree of severity. None of the analyzed parameters "per se" identifies the regurgitation severity because there is a large variability in the intermediate degrees. The cluster analysis shows a definite pattern of parameters for each cluster (1 = no significant regurgitation, 2 = mild, 3 = moderate, 4 = severe insufficiency).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Adult↗
Effects of pulsatile reperfusion on postischemic recovery of myocardial function after global hypothermic cardiac arrest.
It has been postulated that pulsatile blood flow helps to preserve the myocardium after ischemia. However, its effect on postischemic myocardium during cardiopulmonary bypass has not been clearly defined. To determine if pulsatile reperfusion improves postischemic recovery of cardiac metabolism and performance, we subjected 20 dogs to 60 minutes of aortic cross-clamping followed by 45 minutes of pulsatile (P group; 10 dogs) or nonpulsatile (NP group; 10 dogs) reperfusion. Left ventricular function was measured at a controlled preload in both groups before induction of global ischemia and after termination of bypass. Segmental length (assessed by sonomicrometry) was used to determine dimensional changes. Ventricular pressures were measured with solid-state micromanometers. Percent recovery of left ventricular peak systolic pressure, its first derivative, and stroke work were 66%, 59%, and 38%, respectively in the NP group and 82%, 76%, and 65% in the P group. The postarrest decrease in segmental shortening was minimized in the P group; left ventricular function curves and the slope of the end-systolic pressure-length relationship also indicated better performance after pulsatile reperfusion than after nonpulsatile reperfusion. Myocardial lactate extraction was transiently improved during the early pulsatile reperfusion period. We conclude that pulsatile reperfusion provides better myocardial preservation than nonpulsatile perfusion after 60 minutes of induced global ischemia.
Animals↗
Fox minute virus-like particle.
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Animals↗
Sera from patients with multiple sclerosis react with human cell T lymphotropic virus-I gag proteins but not env proteins--Western blotting analysis.
To study the possible involvement of human T cell lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-I)-related agent in Japanese multiple sclerosis (MS), we performed a Western blotting analysis, using purified viral antigens, on sera from 46 patients with MS, nine patients with other neurologic diseases, and 11 healthy controls. Of 46 MS patients, 11 (24%) had antibodies reactive with antigens corresponding to the group-specific antigen (gag) proteins (p15, p19, and p24), although the prevalence was lower than that reported in a recent study using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Despite the lower frequency of immunoreactivity, Western blotting technique had merits of identification of multiple antigens and higher specificity for detection of antibodies than ELISA. Those sero-positive patients consisted of four cases with IgG antibodies reactive mainly to the gag p24 and/or p15, four with IgM antibodies mainly to the gag p24 and/or p19, and three with both IgG and IgM antibodies. These immunostaining patterns of MS sera were clearly distinguishable from those of adult T cell leukemia patients who had antibodies to the envelope (env) proteins and its precursors in addition to the gag proteins. The antibody in MS sera was generally of low titer and reactive at a high serum concentration (1/10 dilution). None of the sera from patients with other neurologic diseases and healthy controls had the viral antibodies. These findings indicate that at least one quarter of Japanese MS patients have antibody responses to a hitherto unidentified agent related to HTLV-I, which possibly plays a part, primarily or secondarily, in the pathogenesis of those patients.
Adolescent↗
Misreading of 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine-containing DNA in in vitro DNA replication.
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8-Hydroxy-2'-Deoxyguanosine↗
Regional myocardial protection by retrograde coronary sinus infusion of cardioplegic solution.
Antegrade administration of a cardioplegic solution in the presence of a coronary artery stenosis may lead to the heterogeneous distribution of the agent and poor myocardial cooling distal to a vessel stenosis. To determine the effects of retrograde coronary sinus infusion of cardioplegic solution, coronary stenosis was created in the canine preparation by occluding the left circumflex artery (LCx) during cardioplegic arrest. Left ventricular global and regional function (assessed by sonomicrometry and solid-state micrometers) were studied after 60 min of ischemic arrest. Three groups (all n = 7) were studied: group I (control), cardioplegic solution infused via the aortic root without LCx occlusion; group II, same as group I except with LCx occlusion; group III, retrograde coronary sinus infusion of cardioplegic solution with LCx occlusion. Heart rate was controlled by atrial pacing. Statistically significant differences in global function between the three groups were seen at low filling pressures but were not seen during volume challenge. However, the recovery ratio of regional function in the LCx area at a left atrial pressure of 5 mm Hg in group II was 77.2% (% shortening) and 48.5% (segment work), which was significantly less (p less than .01) than recovery in group I (111.7% and 75.9%) and group III (108.3% and 81.5%). These differences persisted during volume loading, to a mean left atrial pressure of 15 mm Hg. Regional compliance in group II was also significantly (p less than .01) depressed after cardioplegic arrest but was well preserved in groups I and III.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Animals↗
Structure and transcription of the tRNAPro1 gene from Escherichia coli.
A 5 kbp DNA fragment containing the tRNAPro1 gene from Escherichia coli was cloned into Charon 21A phage and sequenced by the M13 DNA sequencing technique. When the cloned DNA fragment was used as a template for in vitro transcription with E. coli RNA polymerase, a tRNAPro1 precursor of 120 nucleotide residues was obtained. The tRNAPro1 gene transcribed as a single transcription unit was followed by two unusual repeating sequences, both of 108 bp. These two repeating sequences were separated by a 60 bp spacer sequence. The 5'-portion of each repeating sequence overlapped 19 bp of the 3'-terminal region of the tRNAPro1 gene just like the repeating sequences in the E. coli tRNATyr1 gene. A rho-independent termination was present in the first repeating unit.
Base Sequence↗
Apical left ventricular asynergy in chronic aortic regurgitation.
Apical left ventricular (LV) wall motion abnormalities have been described in chronic volume overload. To evaluate if these abnormalities are due to an actual hypokinesia we analyzed the percent shortening of apical LV radiants (PS%) by an angiographic computerized method and the endocardial systolic movement (ESM) and thickening (%Th) of the same region using M-mode echocardiographic technique in 11 patients affected by pure aortic regurgitation (AR). In these patients mean apical radii shortening was reduced with respect to normal values. Both %Th and ESM were significantly reduced in AR when compared to normal subjects (24.5 +/- 31.7% vs. 63.8 +/- 35.8%, p less than 0.01 and 4 +/- 7 vs. 10 +/- 3 mm, p less than 0.01, respectively). In addition, %Th and ESM directly correlated with PS% (r = 0.79, p less than 0.01 and r = 0.77, p less than 0.01, respectively). PS% correlated positively with systolic eccentricity and inversely with end-systolic volume index (r = 0.64, p less than 0.05 and r = 0.57, p less than 0.05, respectively). Finally, in AR %Th was related to a normalized peak rate of systolic wall thickening (r = 0.85, p less than 0.01) and to a normalized peak rate of diastolic wall thinning (r = 0.68, p less than 0.05). These results showed that in AR a reduced apical radii percent shortening was associated with a reduced normalized peak rate of systolic wall thickening and of diastolic wall thinning, thus indicating an actual hypokinesis and an impaired contractility. Moreover, the observed abnormalities correlated with an altered LV dynamic geometry linked to chronic volume overload.
Adult↗
Aneurysms of the descending aorta: surgical experience with three methods of adjunct procedures.
Thirteen patients were surgically treated for the repair of aneurysms of the descending aorta, using three different types of adjunct procedures--an external temporary bypass with a vascular prosthesis, a tridodecylmethylammonium chloride (TDMAC) or a partial cardiopulmonary bypass. There was no operative death, though one patient died 73 days following surgery. Significant intraoperative morbidity occurred in 3 patients: one had ventricular fibrillation and the other two massive hemorrhages. There was no instance of paraplegia or renal failure. The only significant complication that developed was pulmonary insufficiency in two patients with a pump bypass. The mean operative time and the mean aortic occlusion time in patients with the TDMAC shunt were shorter than the times in patients with the vascular prosthetic shunt or the pump bypass. TDMAC shunt required no special equipment and cannulation was simpler and safer.
Adult↗
Effects of coenzyme Q10 added to a potassium cardioplegic solution for myocardial protection during ischemic cardiac arrest.
To evaluate effects of coenzyme Q10 added to a potassium cardioplegic solution for myocardial protection, 17 mongrel dogs underwent 60 minutes of ischemic cardiac arrest under cardiopulmonary bypass. Cardiac arrest was induced by infusing the cardioplegic solution into the aortic root every 20 minutes. Experimental animals were divided into three groups according to the cardioplegic solution used. In Group 1, we used our clinical potassium cardioplegic solution (K+, 22.31 mEq/L); in Group 2, potassium cardioplegic solution with coenzyme Q10 added (coenzyme Q10, 30 mg/500 ml of solution); and in Group 3, cardioplegic solution with coenzyme Q10 solvent. Exogenous coenzyme Q10 in the cardioplegic solution provided significantly high myocardial stores of adenosine triphosphate and creatine phosphate and a low level of lactate during induced ischemia and reperfusion. Furthermore, percent recovery of the aortic flow in Group 2 was significantly higher than that in the other two groups. Ultrastructures of the ischemic myocardium in Group 2 were better preserved than those in Group 1. Addition of coenzyme Q10 to potassium cardioplegia resulted in improved myocardial oxygen utilization and accelerated recovery of myocardial energy metabolism after reestablishment of circulation.
Adenosine Triphosphate↗
Generation of anti-H-Y-reactive T cells in vivo by the addition of activated macrophages.
The popliteal lymph node (PLN) enlargement assay is a sensitive measure of the graft-versus-host reaction (GVHR) in the rat. It has been used to detect T cells reacting to the male-specific (H-Y) antigen. Normal or presensitized female T cells were injected into the footpads of syngeneic male rats, with or without the addition of activated macrophages. Anti-H-Y-reactive T cells from normal female DA rats were induced by the simultaneous injection of female peritoneal macrophages activated by i.p. injection of streptococci, as monitored by the degree of the PLN enlargement. Anti-H-Y reactivity reached a peak 7 days after injection. The synergistic action of the macrophages with female T cells was exerted during the inductive phase of the reaction, and was not restricted by the RT 1 complex. The dependence of anti-H-Y-reactive T cells on the activated macrophages was influenced by the degree of presensitization with H-Y antigen: nonsensitized, once-sensitized, and twice-sensitized female T cells exhibited anti-H-Y reactivity, if macrophages were injected concomitantly. Cells sensitized three times did not require the addition of macrophages. The anti-H-Y GVHR assay could provide a useful model for the study of the mechanism rendering T cells reactive to H-Y antigen, and also for the study of cellular interactions between the H-Y-reactive T cells and activated macrophages.
Animals↗
Nucleotide sequences of three proline tRNAs from Salmonella typhimurium.
The nucleotide sequences of three proline tRNAs from Salmonella typhimurium were determined by post-labeling procedures. The three proline tRNAs had almost identical sequences in the D-arm and T psi C-arm, and all contained 1-methylguanosine next to the 3'-end of the anticodon. The anticodon sequences of tRNAPro1, tRNAPro2 and tRNAPro3 were 5'-CGG-3', 5'-GGG-3', and 5'-VGG-3', respectively. The nucleotide sequence homologies of tRNAPro2 to tRNAPro1 and tRNAPro3 were 68% and 78%, respectively.
Anticodon↗
Depression of host-defence mechanisms following cardiac surgery.
The purpose of the present study was to determine the effects of open-heart surgery on host-defence mechanisms, by studying serial changes in serum immunoglobulins, circulating lymphocyte function in patients undergoing open-heart surgery. Serum proteins and immunoglobulins were significantly depressed immediately after operation and these depressions were correlated to the degree of the durations of cardiopulmonary bypass and associated hypothermia. White cell counts in peripheral blood increased significantly after operation. In contrast, total circulating lymphocytes were depressed postoperatively. The depression of circulating lymphocytes was mainly due to a marked decrease in the number of T-cells. Mitogen responses of lymphocytes stimulated by phytohemagglutinin were also depressed postoperatively. The quantitative and qualitative depression of cell-mediated immunity following open-heart surgery was observed. However, these depressions returned to preoperative levels in one week and had no clinical significance.
Adult↗
Augmentation of the graft-versus-host reactivity of parental cells by the addition of small doses of alloantigen-activated T cells.
The direct action of alloantigen-activated T cells on the generation of graft-versus-host (GVH)-reactive T cells from their precursors was investigated in an in vivo system by the popliteal lymph node enlargement assay using normal and macrophage-depleted F1 hybrid rats. When very small numbers of alloantigen-activated parental T cells were inoculated in the foot-pads of F1 hosts 24 hr prior to the parental cell inoculum, a significant increase of the GVH reactivity of peripheral T cells was observed within the draining node in normal F1 rats and in F1 hosts in which an active participation of endogenous cells was greatly minimized. Moreover, a similar augmenting action of alloantigen-activated T cells was found in the thymocyte-GVH reaction, which was much higher than that of peripheral T cells when their stimulation indices were compared. These phenomena were produced by the addition of any of two different RT 1 species of alloantigen-activated T cells that were restimulated with F1 host-specific or nonspecific third-party alloantigen within the region of the assay, suggesting the importance of the restimulation of the alloantigen-activated T cell inoculum. A simultaneous injection of bacterial lipopolysaccharide had a cumulative effect on the augmenting action of alloantigen-activated T cells on the thymocyte GVH reaction. This study indicates that the preexistence of alloantigen-activated T cells at the assay site causes precocious maturation and proliferation of immature thymocytes, which allows them to function as GVH-reactive T cells in the periphery in vivo; it also suggests the presence of a serial stimulation network through T-T interactions in connection with macrophage-T-cell synergism and the interleukins.
Animals↗