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Biomedical subjects

F Geubelle

Publications and source records attributed to F Geubelle.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

Is the macroscopic aspect of the esophagus at endoscopy indicative of reflux esophagitis?

Gastroesophageal reflux was looked for in 51 children with chronic obstructive respiratory disease (CORD) using prolonged pH monitoring. An index of reflux aggressivity dependent on both duration and acidity of refluxed material was calculated. This index was significantly related to the macroscopic endoscopic findings, patients with an elevated acidity index having more severe "endoscopic esophagitis" than patients with a normal acidity index. We conclude that the finding of normal, erythematous or destructive esophagitis at endoscopy has at least some clinical relevance.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

Lactase insufficiency revisited.

The definition of "insufficient" small bowel lactase activity varies greatly among authors. The present study is aimed at redefining lactase insufficiency by comparing intestinal lactase activity and results of the lactose breath hydrogen test. Primary "insufficient" lactase activity was considered to be present when a child with a normal small bowel histology showed lactose malabsorption as measured by the lactose breath hydrogen test. The lactase activity of 22 "normal" children ranged from 0.77 to 4.57 U/g wet weight, while five children showed primary lactase insufficiency as defined above. Small bowel lactase activity in the latter patients was less than 0.74 U/g wet weight. Sucrase and maltase activities were similar in both groups of patients. We conclude that children with a normal small bowel histology should be considered to have primary lactase insufficiency when small bowel lactase activity is below 0.75 U/g wet weight.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

Effects of methylprednisolone on the Fc-receptor function of human reticuloendothelial system in vivo.

To determine whether the Fc-receptor function of reticuloendothelial system (RES) is modified by corticosteroid administration, we studied the spleen to liver uptake ratios of autologous, 99Tc-labelled heat-damaged or IgG-coated erythrocytes, injected intravenously into 10 normal volunteers, 4 h after receiving a single dose of 32 mg of methylprednisolone by mouth. In standard conditions, quantitative scans indicated that the spleen to liver uptake ratios, calculated per unit area 40 min after the injection of labelled erythrocytes, were 13.4 +/- 0.6 and 31.2 +/- 1.5 (mean values +/- -SEM), for the heat-damaged (n = 7) and IgG-coated red cells (n = 5) respectively. Four hours after corticosteroid administration, the spleen to liver uptake ratios were significantly reduced in five of ten volunteers. Abnormal ratios correlated with the Fc-receptor function of monocytes measured in vitro using IgG-coated erythrocytes. Indeed, 2-6 h after methylprednisolone was given, the Fc-receptor binding activity of monocytes isolated from the same five subjects was reduced by at least 50%, spontaneously returning to a rather normal value 4-6 h later. The C3-receptor binding activity of these monocytes remained normal, after otherwise identical experimental conditions. These results show a transient, specific impairment of the Fc-receptor function of RES after methylprednisolone administration, and may therefore explain, in part, the infectious complications occurring in some patients treated by corticosteroids.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Lung distensibility and airway function in asthmatic children.

Lung distensibility and airway mechanics were evaluated in 24 asthmatic children and adolescents, ages between 7 and 21 years, by quasi-static pressure-volume curves and by the static recoil-lung conductance relationship. The measurements were obtained by the step-wise inflation technique and the pressure-volume curves were analyzed by a new sigmoid exponential curve-fitting model of the form: VL = Vm + [VM/(1 + be-K . PstL)], where VL is lung volume, PstL is static recoil pressure, VM and Vm are the upper and lower asymptotes, and K and b are shape constants. The shape constant K serves as index for lung distensibility, whereas the slope of theta of the static recoil-lung conductance plot represents the flow-resistive behavior of the airways. The combined evaluation of these two parameters (K and theta) shows that some asthmatic children have a very high lung distensibility and normal airway function, whereas others have nearly normal lung elasticity but grossly reduced airway distensibility. Sigmoid exponential analysis of static pressure-volume curves and an evaluation of the static recoil-lung conductance relationship in asthmatic children enable a distinction of these two types of functional derangements. Increased pulmonary distensibility consistent with an increase of alveolar air space seems to indicate an involvement of tissue elements. In contrast, decreased airway distensibility indicates a defect in the conducting airways. Sympathomimetics not only have a positive effect on airway mechanics, but seem to increase lung distensibility both in patients with hyperinflation and to an even greater degree in patients whose lungs are already too compliant.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

Mediators in the asthmatic child.

Prostaglandins (PGF) are known to occur in premature babies with hyaline membrane disease and so the levels of PGE during growth have been investigated. The levels are lower in children than in adults; but this fact cannot explain the high resistance to air flow in infants. The release of mediators has been shown in children and in adults. Release of histamine from circulating basophils occurs when the suspected allergenic extract is mixed with the blood of the asthmatic child. Other mediators have not been found in young children. Cutaneous tests and respiratory challenges demonstrate indirectly the action of mediators in children, but not in infants. Between 5 and 15 years of age, the frequency and type of response to these tests are not significantly different. One may assume that, at least within these age limits, release of mediators is similar qualitatively.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

Elastic behavior of the lungs in healthy children determined by means of an exponential function.

In order to evaluate the elastic properties of the lungs in children, a new exponential sigmoid curve fitting model was developed with the function VL = Vm + (Vm/1 + b X e-K X Pst), where VL is the lung volume, Pst the static recoil pressure, VM and Vm the upper and the lower asymptotes (limits of lung volume) and K and b are specific constants. Pressure-volume (PV) data obtained from tidal breathing cycles at different inflation and deflation levels from functional residual capacity (FRC) up to approximately 90% total lung capacity (TLC) in 16 healthy children have been evaluated by this model. K in relation to age, calculated by the least square nonlinear regression analysis decreased during childhood, whereas in b increased. It seems that K (a volume-independent index of compliance and alveolar distensibility) is influenced by the increasing number of elastic fiber bundles, changes in the surface/volume ratio and finally by changes in the composition of the surfactant. It can be seen that this model is not only restricted to higher lung volumes, the lower limb of the S-shaped curve is also represented.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

[Cerebral abscess and pulmonary arteriovenous fistula. A clinical and respiratory function study].

Liz... Josiane, a 9 year old girl, was admitted with a 24 hours history of severe headache and vomiting. On admission she was conscious, irritable and complained of a severe headache. Clinical examination revealed a right hemiparesis with cyanosis of the lips and extremities and clubbing of the fingers, all consistent with chronic hypoxia. Cardiovascular examination was normal apart from a systolic murmur which could be heard posteriorly under the left scapula. There were no angiomatous or telangiectatic lesions of the skin. A blood examination revealed a raised ESR, a marked polycythaemia with a decreased arterial oxygen tension. Chest x-rays showed the presence of an irregular well delineated opacity in the posterior basal segment of the left lower lobe. This opacity was confluent with the ipsilateral hilum and was suggestive of a pulmonary arteriovenous fistula. An intracranial space occupying lesion in the left temporal region of the brain was revealed by electroencephalographic and CT scan investigations; this proved to be an abscess which was surgically removed with no subsequent complications. Further radiological investigations of the chest revealed the pulmonary lesion was an arteriovenous aneurysm occupying the whole left inferior lobe. This was removed at thoracotomy three months after the acute neurological event. The results of respiratory function and regional isotopic investigations before and after surgery will be discussed.

Arteriovenous Fistula↗