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Biomedical subjects

E Wolf

Publications and source records attributed to E Wolf.

At least 325 records · Page 18Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

Flow of endogenous and exogenous amino acids along the gut of pigs.

Digesta were collected from 5 pigs of 33 kg live weight fitted with re-entrant cannulas in the duodenum (within 20-30 cm of the pylorus) and terminal ileum. The pigs received a diet of barley, soya bean oilmeal and a vitamin and mineral mixture. The flow rates of digesta, total nitrogen and the individual amino acids were measured at different time after feeding and during two 24 h periods. A marked increase in the flow of digesta, nitrogen and amino acids was seen in the duodenum after feeding. Total flow during 24 h of nitrogen and amino acids except His, Val, Leu, Phe and Met exceeded intake. Output of nitrogen and amino acids from the duodenal cannula was 117 and 108% of intake, respectively. A method to calculate the ratio of endogenous amino acids in digesta based on the amino acid composition of digesta, diet and endogenous secretions was developed. The calculated amounts of endogenous amino acids passing the proximal duodenum and terminal ileum were 32.2 and 21.9 g per 24 h, respectively. The greatest amount of endogenous amino acids passed through the duodenal cannula in the first two hours after feeding (2-3 g/h) and then gradually decreased to 1 g per hour. The results are discussed in relation to other studies on the secretion of endogenous protein and its amino acid composition.

Amino Acids↗
PubMed1982

Genetic and immunologic factors in microvascular disease in type I insulin-dependent diabetes.

A detailed study of 133 subjects with insulin-dependent (type I) diabetes with severe microvascular disease has failed to substantiate the hypothesis that HLA factors influence the predisposition to this type of complication. A significant association between proliferative retinopathy and raised levels of circulating immune complexes was found. The distribution of insulin-binding levels in serum was similar to that in patients without complications. There was no correlation between insulin binding and the presence of immune complexes and no evidence was found that these complexes contained anti-insulin, anti-nuclear, or organ-specific antibodies. The distribution of insulin-binding levels in these subjects with diabetes of long duration was similar to that observed in 270 subjects with juvenile-onset short-duration type I diabetes. When the data were combined, significant associations between HLA-B8 and low/absent insulin binding levels were observed. HLA-BW62 was not associated with either high or low insulin-binding capacity. It is concluded that HLA genetic factors, insulin-binding capacity, and autoimmunity are unrelated to the pathogenesis of microvascular disease. Raised levels of circulating immune complexes may well be secondary to widespread tissue damage in diabetes of long duration.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Can future type I diabetes be predicted? A study in families of affected children.

This article examines the risk of type I (insulin-dependent) diabetes in siblings of affected children, in relation to HLA genotypes. The 288 available siblings of 160 diabetic probands were grouped according to the number of HLA haplotypes in common with their probands. HLA-identical siblings (both haplotypes in common) have an approximately 100 times greater risk of developing the disease than that in the general population, and this risk is significantly higher than that in haplo-identical siblings (one haplotype in common) P = 0.008). Thus, in Northern European populations, some 30% of HLA-identical siblings are expected to be diabetic by the age of 30 yr. The risk in nonidentical siblings (neither haplotype in common) is not significantly increased. These findings carry implications for genetic counseling and research.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

[Basic studies of ultrasonic surgery. IV. Osteosynthesis in bone welding using ultrasound].

A conglomerate of homologous bone-chips and n-butyl-cyanoacrylate fixes the fragments in the ultrasonic osteosynthesis. The sound pressure leads to the forced penetration of the monomer into preformed gaps of the bone surface (Volkmann and Haversian canals) up to maximum 300 microns during the polymerisation forced by ultrasound. A toothing effect between the conglomerate and the cortex takes place in this way, this one leads to a higher mechanical resistance and to specialities in the regenerative process. The term welding is founded scientifically by the mechanism of the connecting formation. On the other hand the application of the ultrasound is sensible in order to force the polymerisation.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

[Blood-sugar-controlled insulin infusion systems for rapid adjustment of insulin-dependent diabetics (author's transl)].

Empirically obtained data could be verified and the basis for assessment of total insulin requirement, circadian distribution of insulin doses and contents of single insulin portions of old and delayed-action insulin could be established in a prospective study in 13 insulin-dependent diabetics. Assessment of insulin requirements was done after a 36-hour investigation period with the artificial endocrine pancreas using standardised conditions. Readjustment was complemented by dietary advice and rearrangement of total calory input and distribution of carbohydrates during the day. Therapeutic success in 55 patients justifies this procedure. Adjustment of insulin-dependent diabetics was thus obtained more rapidly, better and at less cost.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

Portal vein blood insulin and glucagon are increased in experimental hyperthyroidism.

Decreased glucose tolerance in hyperthyroidism has been long recognized; however, the mechanism(s) responsible for altered carbohydrate metabolism have not been elucidated. Studies of insulin secretion in hyperthyroidism have been reported by several investigators; however, the results are not conclusive since hormone secretion has been reported as increased, normal, or decreased. Few investigations of glucagon secretion in hyperthyroidism have been described; thus, the role of the alpha cell hormone in the glucose intolerance associated with thyrotoxicosis has not been established. To clarify these matters, experimental hyperthyroidism was induced in male rats by injecting T4 ip for 9 days. On the 10th day, blood was collected from the portal vein for measurement of insulin and glucagon. Animals injected with T4 (500 microgram/kg . day) became clearly thyrotoxic as evidenced by elevated plasma T4 and T3 and diminished weight gain. Rats receiving 750 micrograms T4/kg demonstrated marked enhancement of pancreatic insulin and glucagon release as evidence by elevated portal vein hormone values. Plasma insulin and glucagon in T4-treated rats were substantially elevated regardless of whether the animals were fed or were fasted for 20 h before blood samples were obtained. Insulin and glucagon in vena cava blood were far lower than in the portal vein in both control and hyperthyroid rats, and there was no significant difference between the two groups. We believe that portal vein hormone concentrations more accurately reflect insulin and glucagon secretion than do peripheral blood levels because the hormones and partially degraded in the liver. It is postulated that elevated T4 stimulates the alpha cell to release excess amounts of glucagon, which enhances hepatic glucose output. The possible increase in hepatic glucose output plus insulin resistance, which is characteristic of hyperthyroidism, may account for a secondary rise in insulin release.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Early discharge from maternity units in Cape Town.

A total of 323 mothers was interviewed at home about 12 days after early discharge (within 48 hours after delivery) from maternity hospitals and midwife obstetric units. Their views concerning antenatal care, delivery and contraceptive advice were obtained as well as details about their problems at home with themselves and their babies. It is concluded that early discharge of suitably selected mothers and babies is safe.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

[Rational simplified plastic embedding with polymethacrylate for non-decalcified bone sections].

A exact judgment of bone and bone marrow tissue is based on an undecalcified treatment technique by means of plastics embedding and hard section microtomy. All hitherto existing routine techniques of plastics embedding of bone tissue used monomeres of methakrylate with addition of so-called emollient substances for polymerisation. Disadvantages of a stronger shrinking of the polymerisation product and uncontrolled, not always avoidable accelerations of the polymerisation process which have an essentially negative influence on the histological results should thus be avoided. A very exact observance of the treatment steps is here necessary. In the further development of our embedding method we turned to the polymethacrylates. The polymerisation adhesive Kalloplast R used in industry proved as the most suitable initial substance for the new method. The yielded results lie in a considerable shortening and further simplification of the embedding technique. The results are always well reproducible. Undesirable shrinking or polymerisation artefacts with impairment of the histological results do no more appear.

Bone and Bones↗
PubMed1980

Contribution of radio-electrocardiography in the rehabilitation of CVA patients.

Seventy-eight patients with cerebrovascular accidents (CVA) underwent radio-electrocardiographic evaluation (RECG) and blood pressure measurements, together with clinical observation during physical therapy and rehabilitation. Twenty-six out of 78 CVA patients had pathological RECG. Of the total, 20 (25.6%) patients had a history of ischemic heart disease prior to CVA, 11 of them manifested abnormalities on the radio-electrocardiography, suggesting myocardial ischemia, arrhythmia, or severe heart rate changes. Out of 58 patients without any cardiac history or complaints before CVA, 15 (25.9%) showed pathological tracings during active therapy. In 20 patients out of 26 with pathological RECG, marked improvement was seen in repeated telemetric evaluation after drug and/or physical therapy was changed. In 42 hypertensive patients, 12 (28,5%) were found to suffer from marked elevation of the diastolic blood pressure during active physical training. Since the energy cost of ambulation in hemiplegics is much higher than in people without motor disabilities, RECG helps us in the detection of cardiac disorders, assessement of myocardial performance, and prescription of optimal physical and/or drug therapy in CVA patients.

Aged↗