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Biomedical subjects

E Wolf

Publications and source records attributed to E Wolf.

At least 307 records · Page 17Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

[Significance of serum uric acid determination for the early detection of complications of hypertensive pregnancy in primigravidae].

In 100 healthy primigravidae the concentration of serum uric acid was examined in a prospective longitudinal study between the 12th and 40th gestational week. Serum uric acid increased continuously and was elevated significantly in 9 women who developed toxaemia of late pregnancy at the 16th, 32nd, and 36th week of pregnancy. If serum concentration are higher than 220 mumol/l or 241 mumol/l in the 32nd gestational week they were considered for a increased risk of developing a hypertensive complication. Sensitivity, specificity and the predictive value of a "positive test" were low in the 16th (22 or 20%) and 32nd (16 or 17%) week of pregnancy. The predictive value of a "negative test" was relative high in the 16th and 32nd week with 93 or 90% respectively 95 or 92%.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

Effect of exercise of the lower limbs on the non-exercised biceps brachii muscle.

The electrophysiological pattern of fatigue of the biceps brachii (BB) muscle before and after bicycle leg exercise (LE), was evaluated in 12 healthy volunteers. In healthy people, the onset of isometric contraction is initiated by smaller motor units with briefer durations and higher spike frequencies. With the progression of contraction and muscular fatigue, electromyographic decrease in frequency and an increased spike duration occur. In our study, these findings were presented in subjects at the Final Value (FV) of electromyography before and after LE. In 8 subjects, the Initial Value (IV) of spike duration was longer after LE and a decrease in the frequency of electromyography was found in 9 of the 12 subjects. The changes in these two parameters at the onset of the BB contraction after LE may be due to the existence of an electrophysiological transfer effect. Eight subjects sustained the isometric BB contraction longer after LE than before LE. This may be explained by a diverting activity or other factors. Venous lactic acid was measured in 7 subjects and showed an increase after LE. No definite correlation between electromyographic changes and lactic acid was found.

Action Potentials↗
PubMed1983

HLA-DR typing in identical twins with insulin-dependent diabetes: difference between concordant and discordant pairs.

A total of 106 pairs of identical twins, of whom 56 were concordant and 50 discordant for insulin-dependent diabetes, were typed for HLA-DR. In both the concordant and discordant groups there was a high prevalence of the antigens DR3 and DR4, a low prevalence of DR5 and DR7, and a virtual absence of DR2. The heterozygous phenotype DR3,DR4 was more prevalent in concordant than discordant pairs. This was therefore the first demonstration of a genetic difference between concordant and discordant identical twin pairs. These findings suggest that possession of both DR3 and DR4 antigens confers a greater genetic predisposition to insulin-dependent diabetes than does the possession of either antigen alone.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

The genetic susceptibility to type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetes: analysis of the HLA-DR association.

HLA-DR and MT1, MT2, MT3 genotypes have been investigated in 123 Type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetic subjects and their families. Ninety-eight percent of probands possessed either DR3 (relative risk = 5.0), or DR4 (relative risk = 6.8) or both antigens (relative risk = 14.3), emphasizing the strong association of the disease with these two antigens. Almost 51% of the probands were DR3, DR4 heterozygotes. The DR antigen combinations of the parents leading to DR3, DR4 heterozygous and to DR3 and DR4 homozygous offspring were analysed. There was a marked increase in DR3, DR4 heterozygosity, but no increase in homozygosity for these antigens compared with the expected frequencies. These results are compatible with the existence of two susceptibility genes operating at a locus or at loci closely linked to that of HLA-DR. There was a striking reduction of DR7 (relative risk = 0.1) and only five probands possessed DR2 (relative risk = 0.1). In each case, the other inherited allele was DR3 or DR4. Linkage disequilibrium between B7 and DR2 was much lower in the haplotypes of the probands than in the 'non-diabetic' parental haplotype. In contrast, the association of BW62 with DR4 was more pronounced in the haplotypes of the probands. There was no increase in recombination frequency in these families and no strong effect of HLA-DR on age of onset could be demonstrated. There was a significant shift towards DR identity compared with identity for the whole HLA haplotype (A, B, C and DR) in both healthy and diabetic siblings (p less than 0.025).

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

The effect of physical activity on the intraocular pressure of glaucomatous patients.

Chronic simple glaucoma patients who performed physical activity had headache and nausea, symptoms that simulated a sudden rise in intraocular pressure. Twelve patients, who were diagnosed as suffering from simple open angle glaucoma, performed multiple bicycle ergometry. The intraocular pressure was measured during the ergometry and was compared to intraocular pressure measurements at rest. A statistically significant decrease was found in intraocular pressure during the ergometry performance. It was concluded that there is no ocular restriction for simple open angle glaucoma patients in performing physical activity.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Animal experiments to examine the histology of fracture healing in osteosynthesis with external fixation and compression.

Tibia osteotomies in sheep were stabilized in nail-fixed and wire-fixed external devices with static longitudinal compression. During the 8-week study programme the mechanical situation of the osteotomies was checked via continuous measurements of interfragmentary tension, used as a functional indicator of stabilization. Simultaneously the test animals were marked by polychromatic fluorescent pigments. The histological findings made at the site of osteotomies showed that the temporal and local progress of ossification was influenced by the degree of stability of osteosynthesis. Under stable osteosynthesis conditions primary bone healing occurred analogous to findings in flattened experimental shaft fractures. On grounds of varying stability performance of external pressure osteosynthesis differences in secondary healing of osteotomies were observed due to interfragmentary instability.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Detection of HLA antigens on lymphoblastoid and epithelial cell lines and cross-reactivity of HLA-Cw5 and HLA-Cw8.

Antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity was used to detect HLA antigens on tissue cultured lymphoblastoid cells (phytohemagglutin blasts and Epstein-Barr virus lines) and transitional cell carcinomas. The results agreed with those obtained on fresh peripheral blood lymphocytes by conventional HLA typing. The same HLA antigens were detected on cells from an individual irrespective of their tissue origin or length of time in vitro. Antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) showed that HLA-Cw5 and HLA-Cw8 were cross-reactive. An HLA-Cw5 antiserum that was negative for HLA-Cw8 positive cells in complement-mediated lymphocytotoxicity reacted strongly with HLA-Cw8 donor cells in ADCC. Similarly HLA-Cw8 antibodies were detected in HLA-B14 antisera, which reacted on all HLA-Cw5-positive donor cells. Absorption of sera with HLA-Cw5-positive lymphoid cells removed HLA-Cw5 and HLA-Cw8 specificities but spared HLA-B14. Absorption of HLA-B14 antisera with HLA-B14/Cw8-positive cells removed HLA-Cw5, HLA-Cw8, and HLA-B14 reactivities. Sequential immune precipitation and gel electrophoresis confirmed that HLA-Cw5 and HLA-Cw8 were cross-reactive and that HLA-B14 was physically separable from HLA-Cw8.

Antibody-Dependent Cell Cytotoxicity↗
PubMed1983

Evaluation of the phrenic nerve in patients with neuromuscular disorders.

Twenty-six patients suffering from neuromuscular disorders underwent electrodiagnostic studies of the phrenic nerve as well as lung function and fluoroscopic evaluations. Fourteen (53.8%) out of the 26, manifested uni- or bilateral phrenic nerve involvement. Of these, only 5 (35.7%) showed a correlation between clinical complaints of shortness of breath and the pathological findings in the electrodiagnostic studies of the phrenic nerve and in the lung function and fluoroscopic evaluations. Another 5 (35.7%) patients had normal lung function and fluoroscopic evaluations, in spite of complaints of shortness of breath and pathological phrenic nerve conduction findings. It is recommended, therefore, that electrodiagnostic evaluation of both phrenic nerves be part of the evaluation of patients with neuromuscular disorders.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

[Rational preparation of thin bone sections by mechanical grinding. I. Method].

A grinding machine for preparing thin nondecalcified bone sections after methacrylate embedding is described. A second micrometer screw with diamond is mounted in a specimen holder to adjust exactly the final thickness of the sections. The bone specimens are ground by a turnably mounted rough glass plate. The desired thickness of the sections is reached as soon as the diamond tip of the micrometer screw touches the glass surface. The sections can are used for microradiography, fluorescence microscopy, and histochemical investigations.

Bone and Bones↗
PubMed1983

The genetics of Type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetes.

The major genetic susceptibility to Type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetes is determined by genes within the HLA region located on the short arm of chromosome 6. Ninety-seven percent of Type 1 diabetic patients belonging to the Barts-Windsor family study possess either DR3 or DR4 and about 50% possess both these antigens. This excess of DR3, DR4 heterozygosity can be best explained by postulating two different susceptibility genes which react in an interactive way. No increase in DR3 or DR4 homozygosity is found, nor is there an increase in recombination frequency in these families. Linkage disequilibrium between certain B and DR antigens differs in "diabetic" compared to "non-diabetic" haplotypes. In families with two or more Type 1 diabetic children, the affected siblings are with rare exception either HLA identical or haplo-identical. The results from the prospective Barts-Windsor family study indicate that complement fixing islet cell antibodies are a good marker of on-going immune destruction in the pancreatic islets. There is also a high prevalence of antibodies reacting with certain cells in the pituitary gland in newly diagnosed cases and their unaffected first degree relatives. A possible explanation is that a common virus may be acting to produce damage in several endocrine tissues. The Barts-Windsor family study was initiated in 1978 by the late Andrew Cudworth as a prospective family study to investigate the genetic, immunological and environmental factors involved in Type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetes. About 200 families with a Type 1 diabetic child and at least one other unaffected sibling under the age of 20 years were ascertained from a defined geographical area of approximately 1500 square km, centered around Windsor, East Berkshire, UK. These families are visited every 3 to 4 months and are regularly screened for autoantibodies, in particular islet cell antibodies, and for viral antibodies and they have all been HLA-A, B, C genotyped. A large proportion have also been genotyped for HLA-DR and for the complement factors Bf, C2 and C4, which are coded by genes within the HLA-region.

Adolescent↗