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Biomedical subjects

E Walter

Publications and source records attributed to E Walter.

At least 163 records · Page 9Linked to original sources
PubMed1980

[Influence of ranitidine on antipyrine metabolism (author's transl)].

Antipyrine kinetics were determined in 6 healthy volunteers before and after the end of a 1 week treatment period of ranitidine 150 mg twice a day. The mean antipyrine half-life (h) was before 12.6 +/- 4.6 h and after ranitidine treatment 12.0 +/- 2.6 h. Antipyrine clearance (ml/min) and volume of distribution (1) were not altered following ranitidine administration. The results suggest that ranitidine has no influence on antipyrine-metabolism in healthy volunteers.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

The German-Austrian aspirin trial: a comparison of acetylsalicylic acid, placebo and phenprocoumon in secondary prevention of myocardial infarction. On behalf of the German-Austrian Study Group.

In a multicenter clinical trial on the prevention of recurrent myocardial infarction, 946 patients who had survived a myocardial infarction for 30-42 days were randomly allocated to acetylsalicylic acid (ASA, 1.5 g/day) (317 patients), placebo (309 patients) or phenprocoumon treatment (320 patients) and were followed to determine the incidence of total mortality, coronary death and nonfatal recurrent myocardial infarction. The ASA and placebo groups were treated in double-blind fashion. The observation period for each patient was 2 years. Total mortality was lower in the ASA group (27 patients) than in the placebo (32 patients) and phenprocoumon groups (39 patients). There were 13 coronary deaths (fatal myocardial infarction and sudden death) in the ASA group, 22 in the placebo group and 26 in the phenprocoumon group. This represents a reduction rate of 42.3% in the ASA group compared with placebo (p less than 0.1) and of 46.3% in the ASA group with phenprocoumon (p approximately 0.07). Considering male patients alone, the difference regarding coronary death is significant between ASA vs placebo (p less than 0.05, reduction rate 56.4%) and ASA vs phenprocoumon (p less than 0.05, reduction rate 55.6%). Coronary events (coronary death and nonfatal recurrent myocardial infarctions) were lower in the ASA group (24 events) than in the placebo (37 events) (p less than 0.07) or phenprocoumon group (32 events).

4-Hydroxycoumarins↗
PubMed1980

Paradoxical effect of high and low dose aspirin in experimental arterial thrombosis.

The effect of different dosage regimens of aspirin was investigated in an experimental model of arterial thrombosis. A paradoxical effect with an increase of the arterial thrombus growth could be seen after a first single dose of 100 mg aspirin/kg body weight. When the high dose of aspirin was given repeatedly, a thrombus size minor than under low dose aspirin therapy with 10 mg/kg body weight has been observed. Our experimental thrombosis experiments do not provide sufficient evidence to support antithrombotic therapy with low doses of aspirin.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Biphasic initial phase of platelet aggregation inhibition after oral aspirin.

For one hour after the ingestion of 1 g aspirin the pharmacodynamics of acetylsalicylic acid with regard to the inhibition of platelet aggregation were studied in nine healthy male volunteers. Plasma salicylic acid (SA) and acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) levels were measured, and platelet aggregation was controlled by the collagen-induced aggregation. It took 12 - 24 minutes till the maximum of platelet aggregation inhibition was reached; maximal inhibition was only observed with ASA levels above 4.5 /microgram/ml and total ASA levels above 10 /microgram/ml. At that time already more than 50% of the total ASA were hydrolysed to minimally active SA. In spite of further increasing ASA levels inhibition of platelet aggregation decreased again. The different sensitivity of platelet- and vessel wall cyclooxygenase to aspirin does not explain our findings.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1979

Evaluation of smoking-induced effects on sympathetic, hemodynamic and metabolic variables with respect to plasma nicotine and COHb levels.

The effect of smoking cigarettes containing 1.5 mg and 0.08 mg nicotine per cigarette and of sham-smoking was studied in six healthy habitual smokers. Levels of carboxyhemoglobin (COHb) and plasma nicotine were measured simultaneously with hemodynamic variables, such as heart rate and blood pressure, and with the metabolic parameters, plasma DBH, cortisol, blood glucose, lactate and free fatty acids. All variables, with the exception of COHb are dose related to plasma nicotine levels. Blood pressure, heart rate and lactate show simultaneous peaks together with maximal nicotine levels, while DBH and cortisol, blood glucose and free fatty acids show a delayed reaction compared to nicotine concentrations. No effects of COHb, even with levels up to 5.6 +/- 0.5% have been observed on the variables investigated. These results demonstrate, that it is nicotine which induces considerable hemodynamic and metabolic alterations after smoking.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

[Long-term follow-up after spontaneous contrast extravasation during infusion urograms (author's transl)].

In 1978 we described 18 patients with acute spontaneous rupture of a pelvi-calycine system; these have now been followed up with the exception of four patients. The aim was to determine whether, and how frequently, long-term complications occur, such as chronic persistent rupture and particularly whether local retroperitoneal fibrosis develops. The clinical history, infusion urograms and cinematography provided no evidence of any abnormalities except in one case. In this patient changes interpreted as retroperitoneal fibrosis were found, but this was the only patient in whom surgery had been performed. It is thought that the operation played a significant part in the development of this complication. Our observations confirm that infusion urograms in acute urinary tract obstruction are an acceptable method of investigation and that extravasation should be treated conservatively. The exception to this rule is the presence of preexisting infection of the urinary tract.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

[Adipose tissue and obesity. Part 1: fat cell size and fat cell number].

The role of the number and size of adipocytes in the pathogenesis of obesity is reviewed. The observation that hyperplasia of adipose tissue is associated with child-onset obesity was over-interpreted. Nevertheless most recent studies suggest that fact cell size and number are regulated and can influence food intake. The discovery of preadipocytes has opened a new field or research offering the possibility of new concepts in the prevention and therapy of obesity.

Adipose Tissue↗
PubMed1978

[The intraindividual variation of fibrinolytic activity in volunteers (author's transl)].

In five volunteers fibrinolytic activity has been measured five times over a period of six weeks during increasing values of circadian rhythm. Euglobulinlysis-time, paper fibrinolysis, fibrinogen, plasminogen, alpha1-antitrypsin, alpha2-makroglobulin, thrombino-coagulase-time and fibrin-split-products were used in one study. An increase of fibrinolytic activity in the mooning was observed in all volunteers. Intraindividual variation of values is considerable but less than variation of values compared interindividually. Moreover variation was smaller at noon than in the time before noon. In clinical trial of the short-time effect of drugs the period of the plateau of the fibrinolytic activity should be used because of its smaller variation of values. Furthermore, in this period the intraindividual variation of the fibrinolytic activity is smaller than during increasing slope of the circadian rhythm of fibrinolysis. Intraindividual control should be granted.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

The effect of bezafibrate on the fibrinolytic enzyme system and the drug interaction with racemic phenprocoumon.

The influence of a new hypolipidaemic agent, bezafibrate, on anticoagulant requirements and fibrinolysis was studied in 15 patients with hyperlipidaemia on long-term treatment with racemic phenprocoumon. Our results suggest a dose-dependent augmentation of the anticoagulant response to the coumarin drug. Treatment with bezafibrate at 450 and 600 mg daily required a reduction of the phenprocoumon dose by 18.5 and 33.5%, respectively. Correspondingly, the serum level of phenprocoumon decreased by 11.6 and 35.3%. No evidence for an altered drug elimination of racemic phenprocoumon could be found during treatment with bezafibrate. The results support the hypothesis that bezafibrate and analogous hypolipidaemic drugs enhance the response to oral anticoagulant drugs by increasing the affinity of the receptor site for coumarins or the rate of degradation of the vitamin-K-dependent clotting factors. The investigation of the fibrinolytic enzyme system demonstrated an increase of the fibrinolytic activity by enhancing the activity of the plasminogen activator. The lysis time for euglobulin clot was reduced significantly, plasma fibrinogen only moderately. The antiplasmin activity could not be altered substantially by a decrease of alpha1-antitrypsin and a slight increase of alpha2-macroglobulin. In contrast with the inhibition of platelet function the effect of bezafibrate on the fibrinolytic enzyme system showed no dose dependence.

4-Hydroxycoumarins↗
PubMed1978

[In-flow of contrast into the liver--a rare complication during lymphography (author's transl)].

A lymphogram is described in which Lipiodol was found to have reached the liver from pelvic lymphatics. The common iliac and para-aortic lymph nodes had been invaded by tumour from a squamous carcinoma and this had produced complete lymphatic obstruction of the normal lymph paths. In addition, there was occlusion of the bifurcation of the iliac veins due to tumour, a finding also described by other authors. The causes for the finding of Lipiodol in the liver are discussed. The pathway by which the Lipiodol had reached the liver from the pelvic lymphatics, and the reaction of the liver parenchyma to the contrast medium, are considered.

Adult↗