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Biomedical subjects

E Rose

Publications and source records attributed to E Rose.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

Rapid cloning of multiple amplified nucleotide sequences from human neuroblastoma cell lines by phenol emulsion competitive DNA reassociation.

A protocol for the rapid cloning of many DNA fragments from an amplified genomic region is described. The procedure is based on a modification of the phenol-emulsion reassociation technique (PERT) previously used to clone DNA fragments missing from a chromosomal deletion [Kunkel et al., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 82 (1985) 4778-4782]. The procedure was used to construct recombinant libraries in the plasmid pBR322 which were highly enriched for amplified sequences from two neuroblastoma cell lines, CHP-126 and IMR-32. Many new amplified DNA fragments were isolated from these libraries, indicating that the PERT methodology should be of general use in isolating amplified DNA from other cell lines and tumors.

Base Sequence↗
PubMed1987

Highly polymorphic DNA sequences in the distal region of the long arm of human chromosome 18.

Highly polymorphic repeated DNA sequences were detected at the end of the long arm of human chromosome 18 by a recombinant DNA probe containing 56 bp of human DNA (pERT25). This was shown by hybridization of pERT25 to DNA from a panel of human X rodent somatic cell hybrids, by dot blot hybridization to flow-sorted human chromosomes, and by in situ hybridization to metaphase chromosomes. The high degree of polymorphism detected by this 18q DNA fragment makes it potentially useful for various applications, including investigations into the genetics of trisomy 18 (Edwards syndrome), linkage studies, and paternity testing.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

High frequency epicardial echocardiography for coronary artery evaluation: in vitro and in vivo validation of arterial lumen and wall thickness measurements.

The purpose of this study was to determine the accuracy of a new high frequency echocardiographic technique for the quantitative assessment of coronary artery luminal and wall dimensions. In 32 open chest animals, high frequency echocardiographic measurements (echo) of luminal diameter correlated well with in vitro histologic measurements (Histo) (r = 0.86; high frequency echo = 0.89 Histo + 0.79) (range 1.7 to 5.8 mm). Similar results were found in the evaluation of five human autopsy hearts studied in vitro. Coronary artery wall thickness measurements in human autopsy hearts showed a good correlation with high frequency echocardiographic measurements (r = 0.86; high frequency echo = 0.65 Histo + 0.24) (range 0.3 to 0.8 mm). In eight open chest calves, high frequency echocardiographic measurements of total vessel diameter correlated well with sonomicrometer measurements (Sono) (r = 0.94; high frequency echo = 1.03 Sono + 0.4) (range 2.1 to 5.3 mm). Inter- and intraobserver variability measurements of high frequency echocardiographic measurements demonstrated excellent reproducibility (r = 0.95, interobserver variability for wall thickness; r = 0.97, interobserver variability for luminal diameter; n = 10 postmortem human coronary arteries). In conclusion, high frequency echocardiography is an accurate and reproducible method of measuring coronary luminal and wall geometry and may be a potentially useful tool for in vivo coronary artery evaluation in patients.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

[Tracheo-bronchial fissures from external trauma in children. Apropos of 3 cases].

The authors report three cases of tears in the tracheal or bronchial membrane in children resulting from an accidental external trauma of the trachea. Those children ranged from 3, to 5 and 10 years old. Those lesions showed a clinical gaseous syndrome associated with mediastinal and subcutaneous emphysema, in one of these cases complicated by unilateral pneumothorax and pneumomediastinum. After a symptomatic resuscitation, tracheobronchial endoscopy gives evidence each time of a crack of the posterior face of the trachea = cervix trachea in one case, end of the thorax trachea in the two other cases. Among them one was injured at the stem bronchi. These tracheobronchial lesions were treated nonoperatively and had a post-operative course uncomplicated. The author's attitude--except in case of extreme urgency--in front of a severe, isolated cervix thorax contusion in children, is to give systematically the indication for tracheobronchial endoscopy, in the view of knowing whether there is a tracheobronchial lesion or not and, if so, to five precisions about its location, its anatomic size, and its type (tear, fracture, disruption). An endoscopy performed immediately after cardiorespiratory rebalancing imposes the therapeutic conduct to be adopted, which is not always operative. Such is the case for the authors, especially in the case of children for whom the diagnosis of tracheobronchial lesion is sure, and in whom the stability of the vital signs are doubtless. In such cases, one is imposed not to operate.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Bronchi↗
PubMed1983

The prenatal pediatric visit revisited.

The potential value of prenatal interviews with pediatricians was explored through interviews with 20 low-income women in their last trimester of pregnancy. Major areas of attention included prenatal concerns, psychosocial assessment, and anticipatory guidance. Important issues of relevance to pediatric care emerged, including gaps of parental knowledge, lack of financial and emotional support, and anxieties about the infant. Prenatal pediatric visits also served to encourage the involvement of fathers in pediatric care and to establish an ongoing professional relationship with the pediatrician. In health care settings where comprehensive, coordinated care is often lacking--such as teaching hospitals or county clinics--pediatric providers must take the initiative if families are to be reached prenatally.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

alpha- and beta-Adrenergic effects of epinephrine on ventricular pacemakers in dogs.

We studied the effects of epinephrine on idioventricular rhythm in 15 adult dogs with chronic complete heart block induced by the injection of formalin into the His bundle. Atropine (0.1 mg/kg) was given intravenously to attenuate any potential vagal effects, and epinephrine was infused in graded doses of 0.01-10.0 micrograms.kg-1.min-1. Two different responses were seen. In 12 dogs there was a concentration-dependent increase in ventricular rate following epinephrine infusion. These animals then were given the beta-blocker propranolol (0.5 mg/kg iv), and the epinephrine infusions were repeated. In this situation epinephrine concentrations less than 0.1 micrograms.kg-1.min-1 induced a decrease in ventricular rate with no associated change in arterial pressure. In four additional dogs this decrease in ventricular rate was prevented by alpha-blockade with phentolamine. In three dogs epinephrine less than 0.1 micrograms.kg-1.min-1 induced a decrease in ventricular rate without an associated change in arterial blood pressure. This decrease in rate was abolished by the alpha-blocker phentolamine. It therefore appears that an alpha-adrenergic effect on ventricular automaticity can occur in the intact animals. When this does not occur initially, it can be unmasked by propranolol and results in a slowing of ventricular rate unrelated to changes in blood pressure.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Mass spectrometric technique for the determination of N-phosphonoacetyl-L-aspartic acid in serum.

N-Phosphonoacetyl-L-aspartic acid (PALA), a potent inhibitor of aspartic acid transcarbamylase, is now undergoing Phase I clinical trials. Initial experiments revealed that PALA is not metabolized to phosphonoacetic acid (PAA) in humans. Thus PALA may be quantified in serum after in vitro conversion to PAA. Serum is deproteinized with perchloric acid, lipid extracted with methylene chloride, hydrolyzed with 8 N hydrochloric acid at 100 degrees for 3 h, and evaporated to dryness with nitrogen. The residue is silylated, and PAA is quantified by monitoring the (M + 1)+ ions of the protonated molecular ions of trimethylsilyl derivatives of PAA and phosphonopropionic acid (internal standard) obtained in chemical ionization with methane. Limit of detection is 0.5 microM (150 ng/ml) PALA using 1 ml serum. PALA was given by continuous infusion to cancer patients at various doses. Maximum levels of PALA (50-500 microM range) were obtained at the end of infusion, followed in most cases by biexponential decay. Persistent residual PALA levels (5 microM for 48 h after infusion) correlated with increased toxicity.

Antineoplastic Agents↗
PubMed1980

Utilization of diagnostic radiologic examinations in the emergency department of a teaching hospital.

A study to document the utilization by house officers of the Diagnostic Radiologic Examination (DRE) in trauma patients was carried out over 2 years at Stanford University Medical Center. Physicians recorded the likelihood of a fracture being present for patients requiring DRE's to evaluate traumatic injuries. The physician's opinion and the radiologist's final interpretation of the DRE were compared for 24 anatomic regions. Preliminary findings reveal: for almost half the DRE's the officer indicated that the reason for the DRE was medicolegal; 7% of the medicolegal cases had fractures present; less than 4% of these fractures was important enough to change the medical treatment. The levels of house officer experience are suggested as possible causes of excessive DRE utilization, as well as the influence of defensive medicine. Using Green and Swets' Theory of Signal Detection, it is possible to mathematically describe an accuracy index, and a "fear" index for each physician. We plan to use this model in analysis of the study data.

California↗
PubMed1980

[Animal experimental testing of the synthetic skin substitute SYSpur-derm].

This publication represents a contribution for the experimental investigation of a suitable skin substitute for temporary covering of vast burns. The synthetic skin substitute SYSpur-derm is a bilaminar polyurethane foam substance. It was tested in the experimental animal pig on skin lesions after third-degree burn and necrectomy. A clean regularly arranged and good vascular granulation tissue was macroscopically and histologically visible on the sixth to the eight day. So favourable conditions were given for the healing up of auto-transplants and it epithelialised partially spontaneously. SYSpur-derm answers the demands on a temporary skin substitute. The synthetic skin substitute offers advantages with regard to the permanent availability, the storage and application, the immunologic inactivity, the sterilisation, and the relatively low cost in face of other materials.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

[Rheological effects of normovolemic hemodilution].

Blood viscosity depends essentially on two factors: shearing rate, since the blood is not a Newtonian liquid and the hematocrit, any fall in which tends to cause the blood to become closer in its behaviour to a Newtonian liquid. Furthermore, these two factors are interdependent. When the hematocrit falls, blood viscosity decreases in greater proportions at lower shearing rates than at high shearing rates. Whilst in vitro, in hemodilution, results vary in relation to the type of replacement solution, in vivo this factor would appear to be of little importance by virtue of the adapted variations in the deformability of the red cells. However, hemodilution results in the greatest relative decreases in blood viscosity at the highest hematocrits. Below a hematocrit of approximately 30 p. cent, the gain in terms of viscosity is very low. This figure would appear to be the ideal hematocrit level from a rheological standpoint. An additional rheological advantage is provided by hemodilution the instability of red cell rouleaux, which are in fact created more readily in areas where shearing rate is low. All of these rheological changes explain the hemodynamic consequences.

Blood Viscosity↗
PubMed1979

[Recurrent and multiple pheochromocytoma (author's transl)].

One case of multiple pheochromocytoma with several unusual features is reported: 1 -- the multiple localizations which came on at ten years interval. 2 -- Association with renal artery stenosis. 3 -- Association with Von Hippel Lindau's disease. The authors comment on this case and those from the literature.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

Ingested mutagens from opium and tobacco pyrolysis products and cancer of the oesophagus.

Substances which are commonly sucked or chewed in two areas where the incidence of oesophageal cancer is high, the Transkei and north-east Iran, were tested in bacterial mutagenicity assays. Pyrolysed substances, opium dross in north-east Iran and tobacco pipe residues in the Transkei, displayed mutagenic activity in Salmonella typhimurium strains TA98 and TA100 in the presence of rat liver microsomes.

Administration, Oral↗