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Biomedical subjects

E Rose

Publications and source records attributed to E Rose.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

[Premedication with intranasal midazolam in pediatric anesthesia].

To evaluate nasally administered midazolam 0.2 mg.kg-1 for preinduction of anaesthesia in paediatric patients the authors studied ASA 1 patients scheduled for elective surgery. Forty-five children, ages 3 to 126 months, were randomized in three groups: group D (n = 16) received diazepam 0.33 mg.kg-1 orally, group P (placebo) (n = 13) 0.04 ml.kg-1 normal saline via the nasal route; in group MDZ (n = 16) the children were given intranasal midazolam 0.3 mg.kg-1. The premedication was assessed on a 5-point sedation scale, modified to include the response to mask placement and the quality of the induction of general anaesthesia. The degree of sedation, heart rate, blood pressure, respiratory rate and oxygen saturation levels were recorded on the arrival in the operating room (0 min) and 3, 6, 9, 12 and 15 min (mask placement) after drug administration. With intranasal midazolam sedation was demonstrable at 6 min and was significant at 9 and 12 min. In this group all the children were calm or drowsy. The induction of anaesthesia was equivalent in group D and MDZ but easier than in those patients receiving normal saline. Vital signs did not change during the study period in any of the three groups. Intranasal midazolam was slightly more effective than oral diazepam. In children, it produces anxiolysis and sedation with rapid onset and is an attractive alternative to other routes for preanaesthetic medication.

Administration, Intranasal↗
PubMed1990

Physical mapping, amplification, and overexpression of the mouse mdr gene family in multidrug-resistant cells.

The mouse mdr gene family consists of three distinct genes (mdr1, mdr2, and mdr3), for which we have isolated full-length cDNA clones. cDNA subfragments corresponding to discrete regions showing little sequence conservation among the three mdr genes were used as gene-specific DNA probes in hybridization experiments. Long-range mapping by pulse-field gel electrophoresis indicated that the three mdr genes are closely linked on a genomic DNA segment of approximately 625 kilobases. The gene order and direction of transcription of the three genes were determined and indicate the arrangement (5') mdr3 (3')-(5') mdr1 (3')-(3') mdr2 (5'). Southern blotting analyses of genomic DNA from a panel of independently derived multidrug-resistant cell lines identified mdr gene amplification in 10 of 12 cell lines studied. In individual cell lines showing gene amplification, the copy number of each of the three mdr genes was identical, suggesting that the three mdr genes became amplified as part of a single amplicon in these cells. Although increased expression of all three mdr genes was detected in 2 of 12 cell lines tested, multidrug resistance was associated in 10 of 12 lines with the independent overexpression of either mdr1 (7 of 12) or mdr3 (3 of 12) but not mdr2. mdr1 overexpression was consistently associated with gene amplification, while increased mdr3 expression was detected in certain cell lines that did not show gene amplification. Increased levels of mdr1 mRNA were linked to the overexpression of a P glycoprotein of apparent molecular weight 180,000 to 200,000, whereas increased mdr3 expression resulted in increased expression of a P glycoprotein of molecular weight 160,000 to 180,000. Our results suggest that at least two members of the mouse mdr gene family, mdr1 and mdr3, can independently confer multidrug resistance in the cell lines examined.

ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Mem↗
PubMed1990

Pancreatic tuberculosis: a frequently fatal but potentially curable disease.

A 40-year-old man with prolonged constitutional symptoms and clinical evidence of pancreatitis and biliary tract obstruction underwent exploratory laparotomy. Intraoperative liver and pancreatic biopsies revealed acid-fast bacilli. Mycobacterium tuberculosis subsequently grew from both sputum and urine cultures. The patient responded well to antituberculosis therapy, although 8 months later, he returned with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) and died of large cell lymphoma 1.5 years later. A review of the literature showed that most similar cases of pancreatic tuberculosis were diagnosed only at postmortem examination. A high index of suspicion and attention to special stains are warranted for diagnosis of this frequently fatal, but potentially curable, disease.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1989

Nationwide survey of postsecondary education services for students with learning disabilities.

Postsecondary services for students with learning disabilities vary a great deal from campus to campus, and published guides to postsecondary education services are often inaccurate and incomplete. A nationwide survey was conducted to investigate student service provisions in 2-year colleges and 4-year colleges and universities. The purpose of the study was to identify and catalog postsecondary education service goals and options for students with learning disabilities, and to determine differences between the goals service providers have for these students and services actually provided. The findings and their implications for service providers at both high school and college levels are discussed.

Data Collection↗
PubMed1989

Trends in cesarean section rates.

Analysis of rates of primary cesarean section by level of perinatal designation and of individual hospitals with rates in excess of 20 percent show the increased utilization of cesarean sections between 1967 and 1986. Recommendations are made for reducing the utilization of cesarean sections at the hospital and physician levels.

Cesarean Section↗
PubMed1988

Two thyroid hormone regulated genes, the beta-subunits of nerve growth factor (NGFB) and thyroid stimulating hormone (TSHB), are located less than 310 kb apart in both human and mouse genomes.

Two thyroid hormone regulated genes, the beta-subunits of nerve growth factor (NGFB) and thyroid stimulating hormone (TSHB), have been assigned to mouse chromosome 3 and human chromosome 1p22. We have used the techniques of linkage analysis and pulsed field gel electrophoresis to determine the proximity of these two antithetically regulated genes in this conserved linkage group. Four novel restriction fragment length polymorphisms were identified at the human TSHB gene. Two-point linkage analysis between TSHB and NGFB in 46 families, including the Centre d'Etude du Polymorphisme Humain (CEPH) reference panel, demonstrated no recombination (theta = 0.00, Z = 42.8). Analysis of this region by pulsed field gel electrophoresis showed that the genes for TSHB and NGFB are located less than 310 kb apart in man and 220 kb in the mouse.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Initial treatment of colic.

This article discusses some of the rationales for the medical management of colic during the initial treatment period. The issue of colic pain control and the masking of clinical signs that may indicate severe gastrointestinal disease is addressed. Therapeutic considerations related to dehydration, metabolic imbalances, hemostatic disorders, antimicrobial therapy, fecal consistency, gastrointestinal decompression, and regulation of intestinal motility are reviewed.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

[Continuous inflation of a leaking cuff of an intubation tube].

Perforation of the cuff of the endotracheal tube peroperatively is a very serious problem, especially when it occurs in a patient prone on an orthopaedic table. This is even more dramatic when the patient is not breathing spontaneously and he cannot be turned over to be reintubated. Given the unusual character of this situation, an apparatus has been designed to keep the cuff inflated permanently. It was a circuit consisting of a manual pressure valve, flexible tubing, a peripheral catheter and the cuff supply tube. The gas used was medical air at 3 bar pressure. This method proved perfectly safe and efficient, the operation having continued without reintubation.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

[Early excision and grafting in the burned child. Apropos of 49 cases studied retrospectively 1986-1987].

Early excision and grafting (EEG) is a commonly-used surgical technique which limits the risk of infection and improves healing. However, when used on children, their particular anatomic and physiological specificities must be taken into account. The authors present a retrospective investigation concerning 49 EEG performed on 45 patients from five months to nineteen years old, presenting a burnt skin surface of between 1% and 70%. This short operation (1 h 30) gives rise to an important and early haemorrhage induced by blood losses which are impossible both to stop and to evaluate. This explains the frequency and the severity of the peroperative complications (one cardiocirculatory deficiency, eleven low blood pressure/tachycardias) related to an underestimated blood loss. The post-operative period is characterized by hemodynamic, infectious and hypothermic complications. As regards operative results, they can be considered to be good or excellent in 80% of the cases both from a functional and an anaesthetic point of view. In order to decrease the important operative morbidity related to EEG in the case of children, the authors stress the necessity or taking certain precautions: During the operative period --Antibiotic prophylaxis against cutaneous bacteria when the excision is important and BSS greater than 20%; --ordering sufficient quantities of blood and plasma taking into account the estimated amount of blood losses during the per and post-operative period, and also with regard to the patient's weight and the excised (AE): During the operation --prevention of hypothermia by the permanent use of an infrared radiator, warming up the solutions before perfusion, using of a heating mattress...); --provision of two large diameter venous passages; --initiation of the transfusion before the first incision.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

[Biological effects of golytely in children].

Golytely solution is now commonly used in preoperative bowel preparation or in colonoscopy and barium enema in adults. Studies have demonstrated its effectiveness and good acceptance in regards to clinical as well as biological point of view. In children, it has been used more recently, but since 1984 several teams agree to find the method excellent. Our study aimed to confirm there was no electrolytic movement caused by golytely and that using it without reserve in children was possible, even in the very young ones. Children are generally very sensible to those movements and mainly as they have a general anaesthesia in the hours following the golytely administration for investigation or surgery. Up to now, 54 children from 4 months to 18 years aged have been studied. Besides the good quality of the preparation noted by the operator and the good clinical tolerance, no significant change of the sodium, potassium, chloride, creatinine and proteins has been noticed. Only urea has decreased very lightly but not out of norms. These results confirm that golytely is safe and effective in preparing the bowel in children.

Adolescent↗