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Biomedical subjects

E Reinold

Publications and source records attributed to E Reinold.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

[Real time ultrasound in routine breast diagnosis].

Ultrasound examination of the breast is used in three indications: the premenstrual syndrome, the examination of cyst and the short-time control of high-risk patients. The differential main point is the diagnosis of cysts, which may save the patient from "blind" puncture. In this field, ultrasound is more competent than mammography; furthermore, the oedematous changes occurring before the onset of menstruation can be easily seen with sonography. For the early detection of cancer of the breast, ultrasound is merely additional but its diagnostic value is bound to rise with progressing development.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Evaluation of various monitoring techniques in late pregnancy to detect poor intrauterine fetal growth.

102 pregnant women, suspected of placental insufficiency, according to their physical findings, were regularly monitored by various techniques which were related to the birth of a small-for-date infant (less than 10th weight percentile), and assessed by calculations of recognition, occurrence, and exclusion probabilities. High reliability was given by ultrasonic biometry, by human placental lactogen (HPL) and estriol both in serum, and placental perfusion measurements (113mIn) if they were within the normal range. Antepartum non-stressed cardiotocogram revealed probability rates similar to HPL in serum. Combination of monitoring methods augmented the prognostic value, nevertheless a problem of relatively high numbers of false-positive findings remained. For large departments all methods are recommended; for smaller ones particularly antepartum cardiotocogram in combination with ultrasonic biometry is recommended.

Electrocardiography↗
PubMed1982

[Prognostic value of haematocrit in cases of severe EPH gestosis (author's transl)].

Haematocrit values were determined in 48 of 65 women hospitalised for severe EPH gestosis in 1979. Values in excess of 38 per cent were recorded from two thirds of the probands. An unambiguous correlation also was found to exist between gestosis severity, as reflected in gestosis index, and haematocrit values. False negative findings were obtained merely from mild cases, whereas false positive findings could be eliminated by repetitive measurement and resulting trend projection. -- Correlations were found to exist also between foetal outcome and elevated blood viscosity. These findings were likely to suggest that while classical gestosis symptoms might be aggravated by rise in haemoconcentration, via reduced perfusion resistance and increased peripheral vascular resistance, such higher haemoconcentration might deserve more attention for prognostication.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

[Incidence and importance of gestosis symptoms (author's transl)].

The assumption is made that prophylactic prepartum attention has helped to reduce the incidence of gestosis symptoms in recent years. However, random evaluation of findings obtained from 835 pregnant women in the First Gynaecological Hospital of the University of Vienna over a period of six months has shown that careful recording of all gestosis symptoms has remained to be imperative during pregnancy and on hospitalisation for delivery. Meconium staining, frequency of surgery, newborn weight, and Apgar score after one of five minutes were taken into consideration for evaluation of results. Gestosis symptoms were recorded from 186 pregnant women (22.3 per cent). Index 1 was recordable from over 50 per cent of these, Indices 1 to 3 from 170, and Indices of 4 and more from 16. A comparison with a control group showed for the above evaluated parameters that, for all practical purposes, there was no difference between pregnant women without gestosis symptoms, on the one hand, and those with Indices up to 3, on the other. Differences were clearly established, when it came to Indices of 4 and above. Therefore, the question is raised, if the term of "gestosis" should not be applied only to pregnant women with Indices of 4 and more.

Apgar Score↗
PubMed1982

[Premature rupture of membranes, fetal outcome, management of delivery (author's transl)].

In 764 gravides from totally 1738 women, which delivered 1977 in our hospital, happened a premature rupture of membranes. 319 patients had a spontaneous (SPR), 454 an artificial premature rupture of membranes (APR). Comparing the number of complications, the perinatal situation and the maternal behaviour, so you will find a significant difference between SPR and APR. The fetal outcome of the children, born after APR was better then born after SPR. The same is valuable as for the operative management of delivery. The perinatal morbidity after APR was nearly equal to the situation after normal rupture of membranes. Therefore you can see, that the bad experiences are more valuable for the SPR.

Delivery, Obstetric↗
PubMed1981

[Newborn of more than 4000 grams birthweight (author's transl)].

Perinatal morbidity and mortality are well known to be higher in macrosomatic neonates, whose birthweight is 4000 g or more. 398 mothers of such macrosomatic infants and 7314 mothers of infants of normal weight were retrospectively reviewed for factors possibly influencing fetal weight. The following items were found to be statistically more frequent or predominant in the study group than in the controls: preconceptional obesity, weight gain of more than 20% during pregnancy, multiparae with an history of macrosomatic infants. Gestation-diabetes (prediabetes) and a family history of diabetes mellitus were observed rarely and did not seem to be of great significance.

Birth Weight↗
PubMed1981

[The influence of beta-mimetics on foetal pulmonary maturing (author's transl)].

Amniocentesis was carried out in 99 patients between the 31st to the 32nd gestational week in order to determine lung maturity. We subdivided the patients into 5 groups 11 women were treated with Hexoprenaline, 12 with Ritodrine, 26 with Dexamethason for acceleration of lung maturity, 23 with Dexamethason and beta-mimetics and 27 women were controls. A significant rise of surfactant factor measured by surface tension by means of the Wilhelmy-balance could be demonstrated in the two groups receiving glucocorticoids, whereas in the other groups the rise of surfactant factor corresponded with the usual increase due to age of gestation. But concerning the incidence and intensity of RDS and intensity, the best results were observed in the group with Dexamethason only. Increase of surfactant factor and incidence of RDS in groups with tocolytics and in the controls were similar, therefore we conclude, that beta-mimetics do not have an influence on lung maturity. A relatively high incidence of mild RDS-cases in the group of Dexamethason combined with tocolytics should be a warning to use both drugs routinely together.

Adrenergic beta-Agonists↗
PubMed1981

[The cardiotocogram in a woman's emotional experience: aid to more pleasurable experience of delivery or technological bugbear? (author's transl)].

Immediately after delivery 80 women were asked about her impression of cardiotocography (CTG) during labor. 97% of the primigravidae (PGR) and 83% of the plurigravidae (PLG) believed, that every delivery should be observated by CTG. Only 3% of the PRG an 14% of PLG found it necessary only in complicated delivery. Unnecessary was the fetal heart rate observation found in 3% of the PLG, but not in one case of PRG. Very important for the psychological situation of women under birth is the information about the use of CTG. Our results show the great agreement of the patients about this perinatal observation method.

Emotions↗
PubMed1980

[Changes in obstetric management over the past decade (author's transl)].

Over a observation period of 10 years (1969-1979) developments in perinatal control techniques, mostly started in the 1st Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Vienna, at the beginning of that period, and their effect on the obstetric management are presented. In contrast to a trend of decreasing birth rate for the whole of Austria the annual numbers of deliveries in this hospital remained -after a temporary increase-unchanged. Subpartial cardiotocographic monitoring is presently applied in about 95% of all cases. The frequency of Caesarean sections has risen from below 4% to approximately 8% over the past years. Simultaneously, a shift was observed from vital to preventive fetal indications in Caesarean sections, with a parallel tendency to relatively fewer vaginal-operative deliveries. The uncorrected perinatal mortality rate has been lowered to 1.35%. This decrease is partly due to our efforts to select high-risk pregnancies in order to control them intensively. Thus, ultrasound examinations have been liberally put into practice, e.g. leading to an early diagnosis of multiple pregnancy. Use of tocolytic drugs, as well as surgical closure of the cervix together with intensive prenatal care of pregnant women with a high risk of prematurity have proved their worth as compared with control groups. Due to early and special interest in research and in monitoring of placental insufficiency, hormone determinations and measurements of placental perfusion by isotopes took a fixed place in monitoring of high-risk pregnancies early on during the observation period. Evaluation of fetal lung maturity by amniocentesis now enables us to make well-grounded decisions to stop tocolytic measures or to induce labour. In the latter field the local application of prostaglandins to the cervix by an adaptor has recently opened up new aspects. Attention has also been paid to the emotional aspect by new techniques of psychprophylactic preparation for childbirth and by a policy of rooming-in of mother and child.

Cesarean Section↗
PubMed1980

[Clinical experiences of continuous pH measurements on the fetus during delivery (author's transl)].

Under clinical observation 22 continuous measurements of tissue pH were carried out according to Stamm's method, causing a number of questions, such as usability, possible faults and susceptibility to trouble. Testing the accuracy of measurements was a decisive factor, i.e. conformity of blood pH (determined intermittently according to the conventional method) with tissue pH was tested according to the new method. Furthermore, these values were compared to gas analytical findings in artery and vein of the umbilical cord of the new borns.

Blood Gas Analysis↗
PubMed1980

[Caesarean section - morbidity of mother and child (author's transl)].

In the years 1974, 1975, 1976, 1977 and 1978 641 cesarean sections were performed in the 1st Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics of the University of Vienna. All these were analysed in respect of diagnosis in each case as well as morbidity of mother and child. Especially the increase of the preventive indications in care of the child was shown. Vital and preventive indications were related to each other like 60,6% to 39,4%. The preventive indications were increasing. Obviously is this development by the childish indications, especially by children with extended legs. For this reason the vital indications concluded 69,1% in 1974, only 53,8% in 1978. In the same period the preventive indications increased from 30,9% to 46,2%. At the further indications we expect an addition of the diagnosis: st. p. sectio due to the general increasing of section-frequency, which causes the fact, that there will be more pregnant women who had been sectioned. Fever, parametritis and endometritis according to the morbidity of the mother contain 38%, by these and other complications a prolonged stationing more than two weeks is caused. The low Apgar-score of the newborns is due to the greater number of children below 2.500 g (at last: 19,18%). The perinatal mortality of the observed period was 3,06% by all cesarean sections; 12,8% belonged to the group with less than 2.500 g.

Apgar Score↗