Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

E Reinold

Publications and source records attributed to E Reinold.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1979

[Antenatal assessment of fetal maturity--a comparison of ultrasound-cephalometry and radiology (author's transl)].

334 ultrasound-cephalometries and 231 X-ray fetographies were performed for antenatal assessment of fetal maturity as well as for exact estimation of gestational age in women with unknown date of donfinement. The accurance of the predictions was compared. Ultrasound-cephalometry gave best results when performed until the 20th week of gestation. A correct prediction was obtained in 80.4% of cases. After the 20th week of gestation, the accuracy of prediction decreased. Radiology on the contrary gave optimal results at the end of pregnancy. A correct prediction of the date of confinement was obtained in 73.8% of cases, when the X-ray fetography was performed between the 37th and 40th week of gestation. At the end of gestation radiography should be performed, if there is a discrepancy between ultrasound and clinical estimation or if ultrasound-cephalometry was not carried out in early pregnancy--especially if induction of labour is necessary.

Cephalometry↗
PubMed1979

[Hexoprenalin as a tocolytic drug (author's transl)].

Hexoprenalin, a betasympathomimetic drug, was tested with respect to tocolytic effect and cardiovascular side effects. The dosage varied according to the obstetrical situation and the resultant indication for tocolysis. "Long-term tocolysis" in the prophylaxis of premature labour was indicated when more or less rhythmical uterine contractions were present without any effect, as yet, on the cervix. The dosage was 0.075 microgram/min hexoprenalin intravenously as long-term infusion using a motor pump. In a collective of 20 patients in the last trimester of pregnancy the tocolytic effect was satisfactory, the mean rise in fetal heart rate being 2.43% and the mean rise in maternal heart rate 4.13%. Massive tocolysis to inhibit effective premature labour was indicated when rhythmical uterine contractions had already exerted an effect on the cervix. The dosage was 0.33 microgram/min hexoprenalin intravenously in form of a long-term infusion using a motor pump. In a collective of 20 patients in the last trimester of pregnancy the tocolytic effect was satisfactory, the mean rise in maternal heart rate being 33% and the mean rise in fetal heart rate 3%.

Chemical Phenomena↗
PubMed1979

[Perinatal mortality in twin pregnancies. Progress in perinatology].

162 twin pregnancies of the I. Univ.-Clinic of Gynecology and Obstetrics in Vienna between 1969 and 1977 have been analysed (1969--1974 = group I; 1975--1977 = group II). It was found that the main risk factors of twin gravidity are the high rate of babies born before term, the high rate of operative deliveries and the high rate of perinatal mortality. The twin pregnancy should be diagnozed early. This allows the possibility of prophylactic therapy of onset of labour before term. According to our observations the difference in mortality rates between the first and the second group is very high (13,3 in comparison to 5,5%). The management of twin pregnancies as a high risk delivery with continuous fetal monitoring has doubled the number of indications for caesarean section. The essential problem of twin pregnancy seems to be the high rate of premature deliveries. Therefore an adequate increase of the legal antenatal and postnatal maternal protection period is emphasized.

Birth Weight↗
PubMed1979

[Perinatal problems in breech presentation].

543 cases of breech presentation at the 1st Clinic of Obstetrics and Gynecology of the University of Vienna were investigated. The rate of Cesarean section showed during the last years a distinct increase (1969 to 1973: 16,6%, 1974 to 1977: 27,9%, 1977: 39,7%). A significant decrease of perinatal mortality in cases of breech presentation was not observed. On the other hand an increase in Cesarean sections diminishes the rate of perinatal mortality. In this publication the findings concerning the obstetrical results using abdominal or vaginal delivery are compared. No significant difference in perinatal mortality could be found. A better result could only be achieved in cases of mature infants. Our point of view is, that at present the indication of Cesarean section for cases of breech presentation should be very liberal. On the other hand vaginal delivery in some cases is still of importance.

Abnormalities, Multiple↗
PubMed1979

[Administration of 15-(S)-15-methyl prostaglandins F2 alpha in intrauterine fetal death, missed abortion and hydatidiform mole (author's transl)].

10 patients with missed abortion, intrauterine fetal death or hydatifidiform mole were given 15-(S)-15-methyl prostaglandin F2 alpha intramuscularly for the induction of labour or, in 2 cases, to obtain softening of the cervix prior to curettage. The mean time interval between induction and abortion was 6 h 9 min, with a mean dosage of 890 mcg prostaglandin per patient. Vomiting or diarrhoea occurred in 7 patients. Apart from a drop in haemoglobin concentration in 1 patient and a temporary increase in white cell count in 6 patients, no other pathological laboratory findings were detected. We conclude from these results and the relevant literature that the intramuscular administration of 15-(S)-15-methyl prostaglandin is an effective and safe means of inducing labour in missed abortion, intrauterine fetal death and hydratidiform mole.

Abortion, Missed↗
PubMed1979

[Experiences using the suction curettage system of Hamann and Pockrand (author's transl)].

All curettages of a 8-week-period were done using the suction system of Hamann and Pockrandt. This test-collective includes 66 patients, their age was between 20 and 78 years; 6 of them had to be excluded: the surgical intervention was begun without general anaesthesia but continued with general anaesthesia is required by the patient. The test-collective was divided into 2 groups: in group A (30 patients) all suction-curettages were done in general anaesthesia, in the first 20 patients a conventional curettage with dilation of the cervix were performed additionally, in order to proof the effectiveness of the suction curettage. The histological findings of the materials of the conventional curettages had shown no more informations than that of the materials of the suction curettages. -- In group B (30 patients) the suction curettage were done in diazepampentazocin-analgesia; a third of them had specified no sensations, the others had stated a feeling of pressure or spasms. -- In each group the histological examinations were possible without any problems. The advantages of the suction curettage system are the rare necessity of cervix dilatation (7 of 60 cases), the possibility of the operation without general anaesthesia and the possibility of a quick performance of the curettage.

Abortion, Incomplete↗
PubMed1979

[Hyperuricaemia--a parameter in the prognosis of gestosis (author's transl)].

The level of uric acid is considered to be of prognostic value regarding gestosis and condition of the fetus. Serum concentration of uric acid is influenced by sex, age and, during pregnancy, by gestational age. In order to get a sound basis for correlations in gestosis we collected data of normal gravidae in different weeks of gestation: in the mean values there was an increase of uric acid concentration from 2,03 mg/100 ml up to 3,54 mg/100 ml (from the first week of gestation up to the end of gestation). In gravidae with gestosis (according to Gestosis Index recommended by Geocke) the mean values were found to be between 2,71 mg/100 ml and 7,54 mg/100 ml. In gravidae with gestosis and intrauterine fetal death during II. and III. trimenon the mean values of uric acid were found between 5,05 mg/100 ml and 9,91 mg/100 ml. In clinical routine we proofed the estimation of uric acid concentration as a prognostic aspect in gestosis and especially by serial estimations and furthermore there is a possibility to study therapeutical effects. In a pilot study we try to use the estimation of uric acid concentration as an early symptom of gestosis.

Eclampsia↗
PubMed1979

[Hexoprenalin as a tocolytic drug (author's transl)].

Hexoprenalin, a betasympathomimetic drug, was tested with respect to tocolytic effect and cardiovascular side effects. The dosage varied according to the obstetrical situation and the resultant indication for tocolysis. "Long-term tocolysis" in the prophylaxis of premature labour was indicated when more or less rhythmical uterine contractions were present without any effect, as yet, on the cervix. The dosage was 0.075 microgram/min hexoprenalin intravenously as long-term infusion using a motor pump. In a collective of 20 patients in the last trimester of pregnancy the tocolytic effect was satisfactory, the mean rise in fetal heart rate being 2.43% and the mean rise in maternal heart rate 4.13%. Massive tocolysis to inhibit effective premature labour was indicated when rhythmical uterine contractions had already exerted an effect on the cervix. The dosage was 0.33 microgram/min hexoprenalin intravenously in form of a long-term infusion using a motor pump. In a collective of 20 patients in the last trimester of pregnancy the tocolytic effect was satisfactory, the mean rise in maternal heart rate being 33% and the mean rise in fetal heart rate 3%. Acute tocolysis to inhibit labour during parturition was indicated when ominous signs of fetal distress were present, or as premedication before surgical intervention. The dosage was 1.0 microgram/min hexoprenalin as an intravenous bolus over a period of 5 min. In a collective of 10 patients the tocolytic effect was adequate. Evaluation of the rise in maternal and fetal heart rate does not appear to be useful.

Female↗
PubMed1978

[Induction of labour (author's transl)].

Labour can be induced by different methods: there are conductive, indirect and direct approaches. Conductive techniques are reversible and, as a rule, successful only in women approaching term. Indirect techniques, i.e. low and high amniotomy, are irreversible; they should be carried out only for a precise indication and are associated with certain hazards. Direct techniques, i.e. administration of oxytocin and, recently, of prostaglandins, need an intravenous infusion. The dosage of the drug per minute differs according to the obstetrical situation and the aim of the approach. Calculated statistical data of the tonus, the intensity, the frequency and the uterine activity were summarized in order to evaluate the effect of induction of labour. The induction of labour is associated with hazards and risk to the fetus and/or the mother. Labour induction must be avoided in obstetrical situations which preclude a vaginal delivery. The necessity of labour induction occurs primarily under circumstances in which the further continuation of pregnancy is associated with increased hazards to the mother and/or the child.

Female↗
PubMed1978

[Serum oestriol: a parameter of the function of the feto-placental unit (author's transl)].

The determination of serum oestriol is known to be a useful parameter of the function of the feto-placental unit. In order to derive the normal range on application of the radioimmunoassay technique, the serum oestriol level was determined in 242 gravidae during the second half of pregnancy. The pregnancies were all uncomplicated and ended with the delivery of a healthy baby at term. The statistical mean and 4 confidence intervals were calculated for each gestational week individually. During the second half of pregnancy there was a continuous gradual increase in serum oestriol; between the 34th and 38th gestational week there was a further steep increase, followed by a decrease from the 39th gestational week onwards. The usefulness of this method is illustrated on the basis of case reports of 10 high-risk pregnancies in which oestriol determination is compared with the clinical findings and HPL determination.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

[Post partum rubella vaccination and anti-D prevention].

The effectiveness of a routinely performed puerperal rubella vaccination was tested. Additional a possible adverse influence of simultaneously administered anti-D immunoglobulin on the effectiveness of the rubella vaccination was examined. Rubella antibody titers (HHT) in pregnant women were determined; after delivery puerperal women with titers of less or equal 1:16 were selected for rubella vaccination. 2 1/2 to 3 months later rubella antibody titers were done again. 15% of 130 vaccinated women did not show a conversion of the former negative titer or a low titer of 1:8 remained. Also reductions of the antibody titers were seen. When simultaneously rubella vaccination and anti-D immunoglobulin was administered only in 1 case out of 27 patients a negative titer remained after vaccination. The used anti-D immunoglobulin contained rubella antibodies of a titer 1:256 to 1:512; according to experimental studies, this concentration should not have any influence to the immunologic response of rubella vaccination. Our practic results could not confirm the reservations concerning simultaneous rubella vaccination and anti-D prophylaxis.

Erythroblastosis, Fetal↗
PubMed1978

[Anamnesis and course of gestation associated with surgical closure of the cervix (author's transl)].

During a time interval of 2 years in 7% of the gravidae at the First Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Vienna, a surgical closure of the cervix was performed. The anamnestic and clinical data of these 221 gravidae were compared with a compatible collective of another 221 gravidae without a surgical closure (control-group). In the closuregroup 27,6% were primigravidae. The mean age of the gravidae was 28,8 years and statistically higher than in the control group (25,7 years). Also the mean age of the multigravidae at the time of their first gestation was statistically higher (23,9 years and 22 years respectively). The anamnestic amount of abortion and perinatal mortality was 63,5% and 24,3% respectively, significantly higher was also the anamnestic rate of curettages. In most of the cases surgical closure was indicated by palpation of the cervix, 3 degrees of insufficiency of the cervix were differentiated. There was a great importance of a postsurgical treatment with tocolytic drugs (83% and 10% respectively), but there was also a different mode of application. During the course of gestation a lower frequency of EPH-gestosis (64 gravidae and 90 gravidae respectively) but a higher incidence of diabetes (11 gravidae and 5 gravidae respectively) and a higher incidence of urinary infection (20 gravidae and 7 gravidae respectively) were observed. In patients with a cervical closure a higher rate of rupture of membranes and premature labor were present. Surgical technique and time of closure had no significant influence on the outcome of pregnancy. The rate of success was 86.4%.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

[Delivery and post partum period associated with surgical closure of the cervix (author's transl)].

The course of delivery and the post partum period of 211 gravidae with closure of the cervix during pregnancy were compared with a compatible collective of another 221 gravidae without surgical closure. There were significant differences in some respects: The duration of labor (primiparae: 9,2 hours, multiparae: 6,7 hours) was longer than in the control-group (primiparae: 8,1 hours, multiparae: 5,0 hours); the necessity of administration of drugs and the frequency of dystocia (primiparae: 13%, multiparae: 9,2%) was higher than in the control-group (primiparae: 1,0%, multiparae: 0%). These and the higher incidence of lacerations of the cervix (13,4% respectively 1,7%) will be due to the scar, caused by the suture in the cervix. The rate of caesarean section was significantly higher (9,5% respectively 4,1%). There were more complications in disconnecting of the placenta. These and the higher rate of dystrophic newborn could be correlated with anamnestic dispositions of the gravidae. The higher rate of perinatal mortality (9,9%) than in the controlgroup (3,6%) is associated with the higher rate of prematurity (22,1%) than in the control-group (8,5%). A higher incidence of malformation was not observed, but a higher rate of neurological complications in the newborn. The post partum period of the mother was not significantly different than those of the control-group

Apgar Score↗
PubMed1978

[Search for cytological traces of cancer in pregnancy].

Between 1970 and 1976 a total of 8254 gravidae were screened by smears of the cervix for carcinoma. The results regarded to doubtful (classification III) and positive (classification IV) smears were compaired with the frequency in not-pregnant women. In pregnant women doubtful or positive smears were found in 5.2%, in not-pregnant women in 12.0%. In the reported period a decrease of these smears were to observed: from 7.5% to 3.0%. The mean age of gravidae with doubtful smears is about 6 years beyond the mean age of gravidae with positive smears. Doubtful smears (classification III) in pregnant women are of less value but of same importance than in not-pregnant women; positive smears are of the same value and importance. Altogether there were 5 preinvasive and 5 invasive carcinomas of the cervix and 1 carcinoma of the vagina. The classification and consequences of carcinoma screening during gestation were discussed.

Adult↗