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Biomedical subjects

E Reinold

Publications and source records attributed to E Reinold.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

[Psychological aspects of diagnostic methods in pregnancy].

Psychological effects and sequelae of prenatal diagnostics are presented using material of clinical trials and the results of client-centered counselling. All methods (ultrasound, alpha-fetoproteinscreening, amniocentesis and chorionic villous sampling) can only be understood with their effects upon mother - fetal bonding. A decision process, invasivity and discussion about a fetal malformation are the main characteristics of amniocentesis. High-risk populations like women with complicated pregnancies or advanced age profit most by prenatal diagnosis. The reactions and emotions of male partners are also discussed. The following guidelines for counselling are proposed: non-directive counselling dealing with facts and emotions, patient autonomy and preparation routines apt to reduce anxiety.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed1988

[Tocolysis in the first half of pregnancy].

This study includes a total of 60 gravidae with a pregnancy between 8 and 17 weeks of gestation and the signs of threatened abortion (contractions and bleeding). The sonographic examination had shown in 14 patients no gestational sac in the uterus; in 6 patients a deformed gestational sac; in 5 patients a fetus without signs of vitality. In all these patients curettage was performed. In 32 gravidae a therapy seems to be successful: in terms of bedrest and the administration of 0.33 mcg/min Hexoprenaline as a continuous infusion. In only 3 patients an abortion occurred before the end of the 20th week of gestation. In 29 gravidae pregnancy continued undisturbed.

Abortion, Threatened↗
PubMed1988

Sonographic changes in the endometrium of climacteric women during hormonal treatment.

Vaginal sonography of the endometrium is a new method of monitoring the effects of progestogen replacement therapy during the post-menopausal period. The advantages of transvaginal ultrasonic diagnosis are that the uterus can be seen from the fornix vaginae (that is from close range) and that the examination can be carried out whether the bladder is full or not. The differences in the thickness and structure of the endometrium, and the boundary with the surrounding myometrium, enable most of the endometrial changes that occur during the post-menopausal period to be detected sonographically. In the first group of patients we investigated, endometrial carcinoma was detected in 2 out of 60 women suffering from post-menopausal metrorrhagia, the findings subsequently being confirmed histologically. It was observed that post-menopausal women who have regular bleeding during post-menopausal hormone therapy show signs of endometrial proliferation during oestrogen therapy and of secretion during progestogen therapy.

Cell Division↗
PubMed1988

[Vaginosonographic imaging of the endometrium of postclimacteric females].

Vaginal sonography of the endometrium is a new method of controlling the substitution therapy with oestrogen and progesterone during the postmenopausal period. The advantages of transvaginal ultrasonic diagnosis are that the uterus can be seen from the fornix vaginae, that it is situated at close range, and that the examination can be conducted whether the bladder is filled or not. The differences in thickness and structure of the endometrium, and the limitation to the surrounding myometrium, enable sonographic detection of most of the changes of the endometrium during the postmenopausal period. In our first group of patients, we found an endometrial carcinoma in 2 out of the 60 women with postmenopausal metrorrhagia. The findings were confirmed histologically. Women who have regular bleedings while undergoing hormone therapy during the postmenopausal period, show signs of proliferation in the endometrium under oestrogen therapy and signs of secretion under progesterone therapy.

Climacteric↗
PubMed1987

[Imaging of endometrial cancer with vaginosonography].

Besides the grading parameters, another decisive criterion of prognosis for the 5 year survival rate of the endometrium carcinoma is the depth of infiltration of the carcinoma. It is possible to detect by vaginal sonography an invasion of the myometrium even in women who subjected to primary irradiation. In 8 out of 25 women the histological findings showed an adenocarcinoma type Ib, G2, where the degrees of infiltration of the myometrium that were diagnosed sonographically, varied from one-third to three-thirds. Using vaginal sonography it is possible to provide a criterion of indication for additional irradiation with telecobalt in patients undergoing primary irradiation.

Aged↗
PubMed1986

[Prepartal expectations, behavior in labor and the puerperium and postpartal satisfaction with the labor experience. I. Significance of partner and prenatal preparation].

Attitudes and expectations of future parents towards the birth experience have changed thoroughly in the past years. In a prospective trial with 95 women we evaluated whether prepartal intentions for a common birth experience were actually carried out and what changes occurred during the past 5 years. 95 women with uncomplicated pregnancies filled in a questionnaire in the 38th week of pregnancy and several days after birth. Behavioural intentions and their realisation correlated well. The changes of attitude became evident comparing our results with those of a survey made 5 years ago in the same hospital. Depending on the social status of the couples, an increase in the participation of fathers of up to 30% was noted. 92% of the couples of social stratum B experienced childbirth together. Participation in any kind of birth preparation was comparably low and seems improvable. Women of lower social status, in particular, should be supported instead of discouraged to attend birth preparation courses.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

[Prepartum expectations, behavior in labor and the puerperium and postpartum satisfaction with the birth experience. II. Rooming-in and breast feeding].

Quite a number of young parents want to consciously experience and take active part in the very first days after childbirth. We interviewed prospectively 95 women as to their attitude towards rooming-in, breast-feeding and child care and how they had been able to carry out their intentions. Special consideration was given to those personal and institutional factors that might promote or reduce their feeling of satisfaction with the rooming-in experience. 89 couples made use of the rooming-in offer. 78 of them found the offered times "just right". Women wanting to go back to work used rooming-in significantly more often than housewives. 92% of the persons interviewed regretted not being allowed to change diapers or to bathe the baby. Those women who even before parturition had been wanting to bathe their infants and change diapers, returned their baby to the nurses significantly less often. Thus, both institutional and interactional problems contribute towards the successful management of the postnatal period. Women whose partners attended rooming-in, and those who retrospectively agreed with their decision of how to give birth, were significantly more satisfied with their overall experience.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed1985

[Perinatal mortality of children at the Vienna University Gynecologic Clinic between 1981 and 1983].

All cases (77) of perinatal death between 1981 to 1983 are described and discussed. 15 pregnant patients arrived for delivery without any examination during the pregnancy. In 11 cases perinatal death happened in spite of regular examinations. The distance between the last examination and the date of perinatal death was in every case more than 4 weeks. 15 malformations could be registrated. 5 gravidae delivered at home and there the fetus died. A mistake in our management could be found 3 times.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

[Sonography in early pregnancy from the viewpoint of the pregnant patient].

Psychological effects of an ultrasound exam in early pregnancy were assessed on 59 women (33 primiparae, 26 multiparae). The subjects were between their 12 to 18th week of pregnancy and did not have a prior ultrasound exam in the present pregnancy. Ultrasound was performed under high feedback conditions explaining the image on the screen thoroughly. After the exam patients rated the method and the emotions accompanying it on polarity profiles. Ultrasound as a method was evaluated highly positive with only very few deviant opinions. The emotions raised by it did vary considerably, however, despite the basically positive attitude. Of the 59 women interviewed, 53 and 52, resp., agreed with the statement, that they could gain a clearer image of the baby and of their own body.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Maternal hyperventilation as a possible cause of fetal tachycardia sub partu. A clinical and experimental study.

Examination of 28 agitated, hyperventilating patients with fetal tachycardia showed that the mothers were in a hyperventilation-related state of hypocapnia and alkalosis. The mean maternal pCO2 was 17.48 +/- 6.79 mm Hg, the pH 7.54 +/- 0.14, which caused a reflex spasm of the umbilical veins, fetal acidosis and fetal tachycardia. Additional experiments on sheep revealed a similar correlation between maternal hyperventilation, hypocapnia, respiratory alkalosis and fetal tachycardia while the flow volume of the uterus showed no change.

Alkalosis, Respiratory↗
PubMed1984

[Indications and technic of operative vaginal delivery in vertex presentation].

In operative vaginal delivery in vertex presentation we pay attention to a separation in the indication for using a forceps or using a vacuumextractor. A delivery with a vacuumextractor is recommendable only in a flexion of the fetal head, in a low obstetrical resistance and with slow tractions. A delivery with a forceps is recommendable even in a deflexion of the fetal head, in a high obstetrical resistance and in fetal distress situations. A comparison in 2 collectives, each of a time period of 5 years, shows an interesting difference. In collective 1 (1963 to 1967) the frequency of forceps deliveries was 2.2% and of vacuumdeliveries was 3.2%. In collective 2 (1978 to 1982) the frequency of forcepsdeliveries was 4.1% and of vacuumdeliveries was 0.4%. Caused by a separation of the indication and by a consequent fetal monitoring there was an improvement in fetal and maternal morbidity and mortality. Using a handle in forceps delivery the procedure is more easy and less harmful for the baby.

Extraction, Obstetrical↗
PubMed1983

[Obstetrical aspects in successes and failures of rhesus-prophylaxis].

Before the general introduction of Rhesus-prophylaxis the frequency of morbus haemolyticus neonatorum was about 0.6%. In spite of the simple collection of "Rhesus-negative" mothers and the administration of the Rhesus-prophylaxis there are still some cases of morbus haemolyticus neonatorum; in our department 2 cases (or 0.11%) last year. The possible causes of non-successful Rhesus-prophylaxis are: immunisation during a previous abortion; immunisation during a previous delivery or a non-adequate blood-transfusion; in a previous delivery there was a macrotransfusion and therefore the doses of Rhesus-prophylaxis too small; the administration of Rhesus-prophylaxis was too late (later than 72 hours post partum); inadequate standardisation or storage of the drug; immunisation during the present pregnancy.

Adult↗