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Biomedical subjects

E Philippe

Publications and source records attributed to E Philippe.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

[Malaria infection during childbirth and in newborns in Bécédi (Ivory Coast)].

Authors studied the parasitological and serological status of 108 new-born children from 102 deliveries during the 2nd term of 1987 at the Bécédi Maternity Hospital in Ivory Coast. The parasitism frequency of different studied bloods (mother, cord, delivery) is varying from 8 to 14%, antibodies have been found in 81 to 83% cases. The parity has an effect on the placental lesions frequency but not on the parasitism frequency. Children born with a pathogenic placenta have a lower birth weight. The retrospective study of 11,070 deliveries from last years shows that birth weight are lower while the two first pregnancies.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

[Colposcopy of the vulva].

A detailed colposcopy study of the cervix, vagina and vulva was conducted in 365 women referred for genital human papillomavirus (HPV) lesions, abnormal cervico-vaginal smear or cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN). Valvuloscopic abnormalities, all biopsied, were found in 144 women, i.e. 40% of the population studied. Five types of vulvoscopic abnormalities are described: diffuse acidophilia (55% of abnormalities), acidophilic maculae (17%), micropapillae (20%), papulae (4%) and leucoparakeratosis (4%). Histological examination of the biopsy specimens obtained from 144 women with abnormal vulvoscopy showed 55 typical flat condylomas (38%), 50 probable flat condylomas (35%) and no signs of condyloma in 38 cases (27%). It also revealed the presence of four vulvar intraepithelial neoplasias (VIN) stages 2-3, all of them associated with typical or probable condyloma. Comparison between the 144 abnormal vulvoscopies and a series of 14 normal vulvoscopies made it possible to establish a significant correlation between the presence of valvuloscopic abnormalities and the finding of histological signs of typical or probable flat condyloma. The vulvoscopic images of subclinical vulvar HPV infection, but apart from papulae and, to a lesser extent, leucoparakeratosis, correlations between vulvoscopic and histological images were imprecise.

Acetates↗
PubMed1990

Expression of GABA-immunoreactivity by spinal motoneurons of some vertebrates.

Electrophysiological and biochemical investigations have shown that gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) is the main inhibitory neurotransmitter in the vertebrate central nervous system. However, the present study shows that some motoneurons located in the spinal cord of young chickens and adult monkeys display a GABA-like immunoreactivity. The expression of GABA immunoreactivity in vertebrate motoneurons suggests that this inhibitory amino acid is colocalized with acetylcholine and could play a role in the neuromuscular transmission.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

[Blind-pouch syndrome after side-to-side intestinal anastomosis].

Side-to-side anastomosis is a bad technique to restore intestinal continuity. In fact, it leads to the progressive distention of the cul-de-sac, which produces definite pockets of stasis and bacterial infection. Although it is well tolerated by a number of patients, it causes a number of gathered complications in others. This array of signs is called the blind pocket syndrome, the characteristics of which are described by the authors on the basis of a 76-case series, including 3 personal cases. They again condemn the side-to-side anastomosis and prefer end-to-end anastomosis, which prevents these disadvantages.

Aged↗
PubMed1990

[Gastric teratoma in newborn children].

In neonates, teratomas infrequently involve the abdomen: among 51 known cases, 39 were gastric teratomas, which account for less than 2% of all germ cell tumors in the neonatal period. Associated malformations are minor, located in the region of the tumor, and apparently less frequent than in other sites. Malignancy is exceedingly rare (a single case) and well controlled as a result of the anti-tumor processes specific to the neonatal period. Gastric teratomas are diagnosed early and can be cured by tumorectomy removing a thin ring of the surrounding stomach wall.

Humans↗
PubMed1990

[Neuro-endocrine carcinoma of a Bartholin's gland].

This is a case of a 38 year old woman in whom a small basophil cell tumour occurred with inguinal and iliac lymph node metastases followed by pulmonary metastases and extension of the tumour into the vagina and the bladder. The patient died eight months after having started multiple chemotherapy and radiotherapy with telecobalt. Extra studies were carried out ten years later on the cells. This made it possible to diagnose the condition as a neuro-endocrine carcinoma rich in serotonin.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Calbindin-immunoreactive sensory neurons of dorsal root ganglion project to skeletal muscle in the chick.

In the chicken dorsal root ganglia, two neuronal subpopulations referred to as A1 and B1 share in common an immunoreactivity to antisera raised to calbindin D-28k but are distinguished by their cytological and ultrastructural characteristics. To determine the peripheral targets innervated by calbindin-immunoreactive neurons in lumbosacral dorsal root ganglia, cryostat sections of various hindlimb tissues were treated with anticalbindin antisera. Calbindin-immunostained axons were clearly detected in skeletal muscle. Large myelinated nerve fibres and afferent axon terminals in neuromuscular spindles were calbindin-immunoreactive; thin unmyelinated nerve fibres were also immunostained in nerve bundles of the perimysium. Since motoneurons and neurons of the autonomic nervous system were devoid of calbindin immunostaining, it was suggested that the immunoreactive axons found in skeletal muscle originate from sensory neurons expressing a calbindin immunoreaction in the dorsal root ganglia. This hypothesis was corroborated after introduction of wheat germ agglutinin coupled with horseradish peroxidase or colloidal gold particles into the sartorius muscle. The retrogradely transported tracer was collected only in ganglion cell bodies which displayed the ultrastructural characteristics of A1 and B1 sensory neurons. On the basis of calbindin immunoreaction and of tracer retrograde transport, it is concluded that ganglion cells of subclasses A1 and B1 contribute to the sensory innervation of skeletal muscle in the chicken.

Afferent Pathways↗
PubMed1988

Calbindin D-28k-immunoreactive neurons in chick dorsal root ganglion: ontogenesis and cytological characteristics of the immunoreactive sensory neurons.

The expression of calbindin (28,000 mol. wt Vitamin D-dependent calcium binding protein) was studied in sensory neurons of the chick dorsal root ganglion by combining immunocytochemical and ultrastructural features. In the chick embryo at E10, about 20% of the neuroblasts were immunostained with antibodies raised to calbindin. After hatching, two subpopulations of primary sensory neurons were labeled with calbindin-antibodies and could be identified: the large Al cell bodies (6%) mainly characterized by huge blocks of rough endoplasmic reticulum and the small B1 cell bodies (14%) which contain parallel cisternae of rough endoplasmic reticulum. The other neuronal cell types A2 and B2 were devoid of any immunostaining. Thus, calbindin is an early and reliable marker of two subclasses of primary sensory neurons in the chick dorsal root ganglion.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Influence of peripheral and central targets on subpopulations of sensory neurons expressing calbindin immunoreactivity in the dorsal root ganglion of the chick embryo.

The influence of central and peripheral target tissues on the expression of calbindin D-28k by sensory neurons of the chick dorsal root ganglia was tested under various experimental conditions. Firstly, dorsal root ganglia of chick embryos were transplanted at two stages of development onto the chorioallantoic membrane of a host embryo for a period of 4 or 8 days. In dorsal root ganglia grafted at E12, 20% of the ganglion cell bodies were immunoreactive to calbindin 4 and 8 days later; the percentage of calbindin-immunostained neurons in grafted dorsal root ganglia was similar to that observed in control dorsal root ganglia of the same embryonic age (E16 or 20). In contrast, when grafted dorsal root ganglia were taken from a donor embryo at E8, no calbindin-immunoreactive neuron was found 4 or 8 days later. However, when dorsal root ganglia at E8 were cotransplanted with musculature cells, 14% of the grafted ganglion cell bodies were again immunoreactive to calbindin 4 or 8 days later. Secondly, peripheral targets of sensory neurons were suppressed by excision of one hindlimb. After excision at E6, virtually all the ipsilateral dorsal root ganglia cells were free of calbindin immunoreaction after 6 days of reincubation. In contrast, when the excision was performed at E11, calbindin was expressed in about 9% of the nerve cell bodies. Thirdly, central connections were destroyed by cauterization of the lumbosacral spinal cord at E6 or E11. Six days after deprivation of central connections, the percentage of calbindin-immunoreactive ganglion cells was the same as in control dorsal root ganglia of the same age.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Allantois↗
PubMed1988

[Histologic study of 100 pregnant fallopian tubes].

The 100 fallopian tubes had been obtained from women whose mean age was 30 and whose mean period of amenorrhea was 38 days. Each fallopian tube gave rise to at least sixteen samples and was sectioned if necessary several times. There had been tubal rupture in 25 cases, and in at least 7 cases the rupture involved the ovum and its implantation site. The location of the implantation site could be determined in only 30 cases: 10 in the mesosalpin; x 10 in the antimesosalpinx; 8 lateral and 2 circumferential. The anatomic site of the implantation was isthmic in 7 cases; ampullary in 85 cases, of which 6 were near to the isthmus; infundibular in 7 cases and fimbrial in 1 case. Tubal lesions were found in 22% of the cases, but associated were also found frequently: tubal adenomyosis (17 cases); adherent tubal fimbriae (14 cases); peritoneal adhesions (11 cases) and decidual changes in 12 cases. The 74 remaining fallopian tubes were considered to have been previously normal and to have been affected only by changes linked to the pregnant state (edema, congestion, lymphocytic infiltration) or to complications or this state (a smoothing out of the tubal mucosa; a peritoneal granuloma surrounding blood products; a localized infarct of the fimbriae or wall; and haemorrhage involved in thromboses, ovum detachment or necrosis). The ovum and implantation appeared to be normal in 26 cases and to have had development prematurely stopped because of extensive haemorrhage in 41 cases. In 22 cases there was hypoplasia, and difficulty in determining the cause in 11 cases. From a morphological point of view preserving at least one third of gravid fallopian tubes is justifiable, because the chronic lesions are often discrete and the changes of pregnancy generally appear to be reversible. The persisting pathogenic factors are not necessarily tubal, as can be seen by the role of delays in transport of the ova.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

[Neonatal carcinoma. Review of the literature apropos of a case].

A cortical adrenal carcinoma arising during the neonatal period and associated with virilization recurred after an initial excision and is in complete remission after a follow-up period of 10 years. The authors have performed a review of the medical literature which has yielded 56 neonatal carcinomas including this one. More than half of these cases concerned the thyroid gland (15 cases) and the adrenal cortex (14 cases). These were followed by malignant melanomas (12 cases), carcinomas of the parotid gland (6 cases), oropharyngeal region (3 cases), adrenal medulla (2 cases) and stomach, liver, breast and cutaneous sweat gland (one case each). Six tumors were associated with congenital malformations which included Beckwith-Wiedeman's syndrome; 4 tumors arose from preexisting tissue lesions; in one case, oral contraceptives were taken during pregnancy. The main treatment of neonatal carcinomas is surgery. Local recurrences (7 cases) do not markedly affect the outcome, whereas metastases (12 cases) have a very unfavorable prognosis. Superficial tumors are diagnosed earlier and more frequently cured. Out of 44 cases for which the outcome is known, only 18 children survived.

Abnormalities, Multiple↗
PubMed1987

[Prune belly syndrome. Study of the effects of abdominal distension on the parietal myogenesis].

The abdominal wall of five fetuses suffering from the Prune-Belly syndrome and four others that had abdominal distension without enlargement of the bladder were studied histologically. This showed that there was no specific character to the abdominal wall defect classically described in the Prune-Belly syndrome. All the same, the results emphasize the importance of the teratogenic action of distension on the muscle growth in the abdominal wall as time goes on. This abdominal distension, if it starts early enough, lasts long and is severe can lead to changes that can progress as far as aplasia, or a lesser fault in development so that in some cases there may be no major abnormality in the abdominal wall.

Abdominal Muscles↗
PubMed1987

[Malaria and pregnancy. Comparative study of Central Africa and Western Africa].

The transmission of malaria occurs mainly in and following the rainy season (intermittent transmission) in the Sahelian zone of Africa. On the other hand in rainy Equatorial Africa the transmission of malaria is continuous so that it is stable and can give rise to continuous antigenic stimulation in pregnant women which in turn gives rise to passive early high level immunity in the infant. 150 couples of mother and cord blood and 206 placentae were studied. We found 12.1% of carriers of blood parasites in the blood as compared with 1.6% in the cord bloods (exclusively P. falciparum). Where there were medium quantities of fluorescent antibodies in the mothers 74% could be found in the cord serum. Two methods were used to measure antimalarial antibodies as evidence of infection and also partly protective: the first method was indirect immunofluorescence, and the second was co-electrosyneresis. There was a narrow correlation between the level of precipitant antibodies in the mothers who were infected and in the fetal cord bloods. Anatomo-pathological examination of the placenta showed that 2 out of the 206 had parasites in them, 9 out of the 206 had fibrin deposits around the villi and 6.8% of the placentae showed lesions of malaria. On the other hand, in West Africa there was very little maternal morbidity as evidence by fever and anaemia, or of fetal morbidity. There was no single case of congenital malaria. The levels of the plasma indices in the towns could be explained because of prophylaxis which was both controlled and uncontrolled.

Africa, Central↗
PubMed1987

[Ovarian pregnancy. Apropos of 32 cases].

Ovarian pregnancies usually are diagnosed by the trophoblast which has gone into the ovarian tissue being found histologically. These pregnancies usually suggest haemorrhage from the corpus luteum or a rupture of ovarian cysts. The average age at which they appear is 29, just as it is the age for tubal pregnancies, but they do differ because there are few signs of infection and of infertility, and there are more multipara and women who are wearing an IUD. Two-thirds of ovarian pregnancies are on the peritoneal surface or in the hilum, away from the corpus luteum, and one-third are situated on the scar of the follicular ostium and have later infiltrated into the follicle. Most of these cases can be explained by reflux of the oocyte into the peritoneum.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

[Dysfunctional endometria].

Functional endometrial disturbances may be divided into four main types: 1) deficient proliferative phase: atrophic endometrium resulting from nonfunctioning ovaries; resting endometrium resulting from inadequate ovarian function; endometrium associated with an anovulatory cycle; and endometrium associated with persistent estrogenic stimulation. 2) deficient secretory phase: delayed secretion (after twenty-two days); persistent secretion; irregular endometrial secretion; and gonadotropic endometrial hyperstimulation. 3) deficient involutive phase: premature involution of the secretory endometrium (synchronous corpus luteum but early breakdown); excessive shedding of the secretory endometrium (synchronous corpus luteum but fast breakdown); and prolonged involution of the secretory endometrium (irregular shedding: persistent corpus luteum). 4) deficient regenerative phase: delayed regeneration (ovular implantation or prolonged treatment by gestagens) and regeneration after curettage or after endometrial subinvolution.

Diagnosis, Differential↗