Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

E Philippe

Publications and source records attributed to E Philippe.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1994

[A "no-bleeding" substitute hormone treatment with an oral microdose progesterone. A prospective multicenter study].

AIMS: Study of influence of different sequences of oral micronized progesterone (Pg) on endometrial morphology and the incidence of bleeding. DESIGN: Prospective comparative multicentric study conducted in 101 post-menopausal patients. PATIENTS AND METHODS: 98 patients who did not wish any regular withdrawal bleeding were given percutaneous oestradiol 17-beta (E2) (1.5 mg/d) associated with micronized Pg (100 mg/d) at bedtime during either 21 out of 28 days (group I), or 25 days per calendar month (group III), during a minimum of 6 months. For those wishing withdrawal bleeding (n = 3), E2 (3 mg/d) during 25 days was associated with Pg (300 mg/d) from the 16th to the 25th day of the month (group III). Endometrial biopsies were performed after 6 months of the same treatment and blindly analysed; transvaginal ultrasonography (measurement of endometrial mucosa thickness) was done in case of insufficient amount of tissue. RESULTS: Groups I and II: 61% of the endometrium were quiescent without mitosis, 23% were slightly active with rare mitoses, 8% partly secretory and 4% subatrophic. Sampling was inadequate in the remaining 4%. Mitotic activity of glands was low on the overall samplings (average < 0.53/1,000 cells). The average mucosa thickness was at 3.9 mm. No bleeding (spotting or withdrawal bleeding) occurred in 73.3% and 82.1% of cycles at the 3rd and 6th months of administration, respectively. Group III: endometrium were quiescent or slightly active and combined with frequent withdrawal bleeding. CONCLUSIONS: A relatively low dose of oral progesterone (100 mg/d) combined with E2 during 21d/28d or 25 d/month efficiently controls proliferation, induces a very low endometrial cyclic activity--while reducing spottings--and maintains an amenorrhea in the majority of women. This simple treatment is likely to improve compliance.

Administration, Cutaneous↗
PubMed1994

[Leiomyoma of the ovary. Apropos of 12 cases].

Twelve ovarian leiomyomas were seen over a 12-year period, representing one quarter of all reported cases. Most of them were situated in the ovarian hilum (9/12 of our cases), some were situated in the medulla (2 of our cases) and one case was situated in the cortex. They were fairly small and, due to their site, they were generally asymptomatic and rarely diagnosed on ultrasonography.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Dopamine as trace amine in the dorsal root ganglia.

It has been shown that in the chick dorsal root ganglion (DRG) about 8% of neurons, belonging to both the A and B classes of sensory neurons exhibit a clear dopamine immunoreactivity. In the present study are reported the results of measurements, by mean of HPLC-electrochemical detection (HPLC-ED), of DA and of the DA metabolites dihydroxyphenylacetic acid (DOPAC) and homovanillic acid (HVA) in the rat DRG and their central nerves. Very low levels of DA, about 10 folds lower than the levels found in the dorsal horn of the spinal cord, were found in the DRG. However the levels of DOPAC and HVA were approximately equivalent to the levels found in the cord. The immunocytochemical study performed in parallel has shown that some dopaminergic-immunoreactive fibers in the DRG are located around the blood vessels. Few dopamine-immunoreactive sensory neurons were identified in the DRG and immunoreactive fibers, not linked to blood vessels, were identified in the dorsal root nerves. The present work indicates that there is a dopaminergic innervation of the blood vessels in the rat DRG but that dopamine may also be, as in the chick, a transmitter of primary afferent fibers.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

Expression of dopamine by chick primary sensory neurons and their related targets.

The expression of dopamine by primary sensory neurons and their peripheral projections was studied in the chick dorsal root ganglion by means of immunocytochemical procedures. Within the sensory neurons, dopamine immunoreactivity is first expressed by 0.8% of cells at E10 and reaches a percentage of 5.6% before hatching. After hatching, 8.6% of neurons, belonging to both the A and B classes of sensory neurons, exhibit a clear immunostaining. According to the immunostaining of nerve terminals located in various peripheral target tissues, these immunoreactive neurons are responsible, at least in part, for the sensory innervation of the skin and paravertebral ganglia. The results provide evidence that different classic neurotransmitters may be expressed by specific subpopulations of primary sensory neurons expressing various somatic and autonomic sensory functions in relation to specific targets.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

Expression of gamma-aminobutyric acid and calcium binding protein-parvalbumin by chick motoneurons.

The expression of calcium binding protein parvalbumin (PV) and gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) was studied in the chick motoneurons by using pre- and postembedding immunocytochemistry. Our data reveal that PV and GABA are colocalized in the majority, but not all, of chick lumbo-sacral spinal motoneurons innervating the somatic muscles. It is suggested that, in this neuromuscular system, GABA does not act as a classical inhibitory neurotransmitter but, combined with calcium, could be involved, at least in part, in the maintenance of neurons and the prevention of cell death as in certain neurodegenerative disorders.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

[Endometrioid adenocarcinoma of the uterine isthmus associated with atypical endometrial hyperplasia and polycystic ovaries. Apropos of a case with bicornuate uterus in a 38 year old woman].

A 38 year old patient with multiple known risk factors for endometrial carcinoma (monophasic cycles, obesity, familial prediabetes, nulliparity, polycystic ovaries with diffuse thecal hyperplasia) presented with metrorrhagia caused by an endometrial lesion for which the diagnosis hesitated between atypical endometrial hyperplasia and carcinoma. Hysterectomy was performed because of the presence of a bicornuate uterus, obesity of 130 kg and the patient's lack of desire to have children. Examination of the uterus did not reveal any myometrial invasion in contact with the hyperplastic endometrium. The discovery of an endometrioid carcinomatous metastasis in the lower third of the vagina one year later allowed the retrospective detection of a 3 mm endometrioid carcinoma in the isthmus. No other metastases or recurrence were observed with a follow-up of 5 years.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

[Amenorrhea during menopausal hormone replacement therapy with a percutaneous estradiol and oral micronized progesterone combination].

The effects of oral micronized progesterone-administered at a low dose-on the endometrium and on bleeding pattern have been evaluated during a multicenter study in which 101 patients were involved. For a minimum of 6 months, patients who did not wish to have withdrawal bleeding (98) received the association of 17 beta-percutaneous estradiol (1.5 mg/d) and oral micronized progesterone (100 mg/d, at bedtime) during 25 days per month (or 21 d/28). The few women (3) who wished regular bleeding were given progesterone (300 mg/d) with estradiol (3 mg/d), from the 16th to the 25th of the month. No hyperplasia was observed among the endometrial biopsies performed after 6 months minimum of treatment. 8% of the endometria were partially secretory, 4% were sub-atrophic, 23% were mildly active with rare mitoses and 61% were quiescent without mitoses. The remaining 4% were considered inadequate. Mitotic activity of the glands was minimal in all samplings (mean < 0.53/1,000 cells). The average thickness of the mucosa was measured by ultrasonography at 3.9 mm, in the cases of insufficient samplings. No bleeding (or spotting, or cyclic bleeding) occurred in 73.3% and 80.9% of the cycles, in the 3rd and 6th month of therapy. Therefore a low dose of oral Pg (100 mg/d) combined with E2 during 25 days/month efficiently controls endometrial proliferation, while allowing a very weak cyclic activity. This situation makes it possible to minimize spottings and to maintain an amenorrhea in the majority of patients, thus letting us hoping for an improvement in the observance of this simplified therapy.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1993

[The malignant potential of adenofibroma and cystadenofibroma of the ovary and mesovarium. 118 cases including 13 proliferative and 5 carcinomatous].

The relationship between adenofibroma and cystadenofibroma and the frequency and features of carcinomas developed on these benign tumours are little known. Eight-hundred and forty-five epithelial tumours of the ovary diagnosed over a 10-year period have been re-examined. One-hundred and eighteen adenofibromas and cystadenofibromas were recorded. One-hundred were benign and formed an architectural spectrum from which emerged: (1) surface papillary adenofibroma accounting for 5% of the cases and appearing at a mean age of 27 years; (2) cystadenofibroma in 77.5% of the cases at a mean age of 53 years; (3) adenofibroma in 17.5% of the cases at a mean age of 64 years. Adenofibroma was bilateral in 18 cases. Among the other cases were an endometrioid cyst and two simple serous cysts. The cells were serous in 110 cases, mucinous in 6 cases and weakly acidophilic to clear in 2 cases. Eighteen of these tumours were malignant: 13 were associated with epithelial hyperplasia and 5 with a carcinoma. The 13 adenofibromas with atypical epithelial hyperplasia (at a mean age of 60 years) were all made of serous cells; 6 of them were low-grade and 7 high-grade tumours with 3 microinvasions. One patient died at the age of 78, of an unknown cause; the others are still alive after a mean follow-up of 11.3 years. The 5 invasive carcinomas appeared on an adenofibroma at the mean age of 70 years; 3 patients died (2 of metastases), one is alive after 9 years and one was loss sight of.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adenofibroma↗
PubMed1992

[Rhodococcus equi infection causing pulmonary malacoplakia in a patient with acquired immune deficiency syndrome].

Rhodococcus equi is a pathogen for some animal species. It can cause opportunistic pulmonary infections in immunocompromised people. The authors describe such an infection that causes malacoplakia in a patient with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. The likeness between lesions due to Rhodococcus equi and those due to other opportunistic germs as Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare is emphasized.

AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections↗
PubMed1992

[Vulvar sebaceous epithelioma].

A-77-years old woman had a solitary ulcerated tumor on her vulva present for one year. It proved, on histologic examination, to be a sebaceous epithelioma of 1.5 cm wide because of a peripheral area with less differentiated cells, excess of mitoses and slight invasiveness. To the authors' knowledge this is the first sebaceous epithelioma documented in this region. Previously have been described one sebaceous hyperplasia and two sebaceous carcinomas, one of them eight years after hemicolectomy for adenocarcinoma of the colon (Torre-Muir syndrome).

Aged↗
PubMed1992

[Low grade malignant ovarian carcinomas. A retrospective study of 132 cases].

OBJECTIVE: to estimate the frequency, the age, the size, the bilaterality and the prognosis for "borderline" tumours according to the type of cell found. MATERIAL STUDIED: 132 low grade malignant tumours found in 845 primary ovarian carcinomas diagnosed between 1975 and 1984 in the Institute of Pathology in Strasbourg. RESULTS: borderline serous carcinomas (63 cases) were 16.9% of cases were serous neoplasias. The mean age at which the diagnosis was made was 50.3 years of age, and the tumour measured 10 cm. They were bilateral in 20% of the cases and the mean age of survival was 134.7 months. The borderline mucinous carcinomas (68 cases) were 18.2% of mucinous neoplasias. The intestinal sub-variety was found at the mean age of 50 years and was 15.3 cm in diameter. It was rarely bilateral and in some cases was accompanied by peritoneal pseudomyxomatosis. The endocervical sub-variety (18 cases) was diagnosed at a mean age of 41.5 years with a mean size of 13.5 cm. It was rarely bilateral. The two varieties of borderline mucinous carcinomas had a mean survival rate of 154 months. Only one borderline endometrioid carcinoma was found among the 54 endometrioid carcinomas, and none had clear cells, Brenner cells or mixed cells. CONCLUSION: under the heading of "borderline" carcinoma are different types of tumour with different prognoses. Only serous mucinous varieties which are more frequent, have a low potential for becoming malignant. Endometrioid types and clear cell or Brenner types which have a similar architecture are usually found out to be benign.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

Substance P-like-immunoreactive sensory neurons in dorsal root ganglia of the chick embryo: ontogenesis and influence of peripheral targets.

The expression of substance P (SP) was studied in sensory neurons of developing chick lumbosacral dorsal root ganglia (DRG) by using a mixture of periodic acid, lysine and paraformaldehyde as fixative and a monoclonal antibody for SP-like immunostaining. The first SP-like-immunoreactive DRG cells appeared first at E5, then rapidly increased in number to reach a peak (88% of ganglion cells) at E8, and finally declined (59% at E12, 51% after hatching). The fall of the SP-like-positive DRG cells resulted from two concomitant events affecting a subset of small B-neurons: a loss of neuronal SP-like immunoreactivity and cell death. After one hindlimb resection at an early (E6) or late (E12) stage of development (that is before or after establishment of peripheral connections), the DRG were examined 6 days later. In both cases, a drastic neuronal death occurred in the ispilateral DRG. However, the resection at E6 did not change the percentage of SP-like-positive neurons, while the resection at E12 severely reduced the proportion of SP-like-immunoreactive DRG cells (25%). In conclusion, connections established between DRG and peripheral target tissues not only promote the survival of sensory neurons, but also control the maintenance of SP-like-expression. Factors issued from innervated targets such as NGF would support the survival of SP-expressing DRG cells and enhance their SP content while other factors present in skeletal muscle or skin would hinder SP expression and therefore lower SP levels in a subset of primary sensory neurons.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

PAC 1: an epitope associated with two novel glycoprotein components of isolated postsynaptic densities and a novel cytoskeleton-associated polypeptide.

A monoclonal antibody has been raised which recognizes an epitope, PAC 1 (postsynaptic density and cytoskeleton enriched), which is specifically associated with two novel glycoprotein components of forebrain postsynaptic density preparations and a novel neuronal cytoskeletal-associated polypeptide. The monoclonal antibody has been used to study the cellular and subcellular localization of these molecules and for the partial characterization of all three PAC 1 antigens in the rat. The PAC 1 epitope is present on two concanavalin A binding glycoproteins of apparent molecular weights 130,000 (pgp130) and 117,000 (pgp117). Both species are enriched in preparations of rat forebrain postsynaptic densities and to a lesser extent in synaptic membranes. The epitope is also expressed by a polypeptide of 155,000 mol. wt, cp155. This molecule is highly enriched in cytoskeleton rather than membrane preparations. Enzymic removal of N-linked carbohydrate lowers the molecular weights of the PAC 1 glycoproteins pgp130 and pgp117 by 11,000 and 14,000 respectively, and suggests that cp155 is not glycosylated. Detergent, alkaline and salt extractions of postsynaptic densities and synaptic membranes indicate that pgp130 and pgp117 are integral membrane glycoproteins and are tightly bound components of postsynaptic density preparations. Immunocytochemical studies of adult rat forebrain show prominent staining of pyramidal cell dendrites and perikarya. There is no evidence of glial staining. Electron microscope studies show staining of microtubules together with punctate deposits of plasma membrane-associated reaction product. Several criteria have been used to show that pgp130 and pgp117 do not correspond to other known neuronal glycoproteins of similar molecular weight. We conclude that the PAC 1 epitope is expressed by two novel synaptic glycoproteins which are very probably integral components of the postsynaptic density and by a novel neuronal cytoskeleton-associated protein.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

Peripheral projections of the chick primary sensory neurons expressing gamma-aminobutyric acid immunoreactivity.

The expression of gamma-aminobutyric acid was studied in sensory neurons and peripheral target tissues of the chick dorsal root ganglia by combining immunocytochemistry and electron microscopy. In the chick embryos, the first immunoreaction was observed at embryonic day 12 in 1.4% of ganglion cell bodies. The intensity of immunostaining gradually increased during development and the percentage of immunostained neurons reached an average of 7.3% after hatching. These immunostained cell bodies could be identified as sensory neurons belonging either to some large neurons of the A1 subclass or to a few small neurons of the B1 subclass. The other neuronal cell bodies, corresponding to the A2 and B2 subclasses, as well as the satellite and glial cells were apparently devoid of any gamma-aminobutyric acid immunostaining. Among the peripheral tissues innervated by the primary sensory neurons, the nerve endings of Achilles' tendon and the paravertebral autonomic ganglia appeared devoid of immunoreactivity. In contrast, immunoreactivity was found within nerve endings located in some neuromuscular spindles of the skeletal muscles and within some Herbst's corpuscles in the subcutaneous tissue of the skin. Thus, the present results provide evidence that gamma-aminobutyric acid may be expressed by neuronal cell bodies belonging to two subclasses of primary sensory neurons and could be a putative neurotransmitter involved in the peripheral sensory innervation of, at least in part, skin and skeletal muscles.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

Impact of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 on tuberculosis in rural Haiti.

We conducted a case-control study to determine the relative and attributable risk of HIV seropositivity for bacillary-positive (smear and/or culture) pulmonary tuberculosis in Haiti. There were 274 patients with tuberculosis and an equal number of control subjects. Antibodies to HIV were present in 67 (24%) patients and eight (3%) control subjects. Odds ratios suggested that the risk of pulmonary tuberculosis was 15.7 times as great (95% confidence interval, 4.8 to 5.0; p less than 0.05) in patients 20 to 39 yr of age who were HIV-seropositive than in HIV-seronegative patients. In contrast, the relative risk in those 40 to 59 yr of age was elevated (3.0 times), though not significantly (lower 95% confidence interval, 0.8). In the 20- to 39-yr age group, 31% of tuberculosis was attributable to HIV infection (95% confidence interval between 23 and 39%). HIV-seropositive and HIV-seronegative patients did not differ with respect to sputum smear positivity. HIV-seronegative patients were twice as likely to be infected with resistant organisms, though this was not significant. We conclude that HIV infection is a major risk factor for pulmonary tuberculosis in young adult residents of Haiti. This, together with the fact that similar proportions of HIV-seropositive and HIV-seronegative patients were potentially infectious, suggests that without vigorous counteraction tuberculosis will become a greater problem for Haiti.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗