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Biomedical subjects

E Moreno

Publications and source records attributed to E Moreno.

At least 217 records · Page 12Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

Long esophagoplasty: functional study.

The functional results of different types of plasty were evaluated in 46 patients who had undergone esophageal replacement for different pathologies. The patients were classified into three groups according to the type of plasty: I) 19 ileocecocolonoplasties (ICC), II) 11 left colonoplasties (LC), III) 16 gastroplasties (GP). The postoperative studies made were: a) clinical evaluation, b) radiological barium contrast study, c) isotopic transit of semisolid food marked with 99m-Tc colloidal sulfur and d) manometry. The clinical evaluation disclosed no significant differences between the three groups. Isotopic scans revealed more rapid emptying of the ICC, with elimination by the ileal segment in the first minute of 76.3 +/- 3.3% of the isotope, and by the entire plasty of 79.4 +/- 4.2% in 15 minutes (p less than 0.001). The manometric study showed non-response by the GP. The motor activity of the terminal ileoplasty was greater than that of the other plasties studied, and that of the right colonoplasty was greater than that of the left (p less than 0.01). Likewise, the clearance of acid (HCl 0.1N) by the ICC was more rapid than that of the LC (p less than 0.01). It is concluded that, functionally, the ICC is a better long esophagoplasty than the other procedures studied.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Antibody neutralization of a myotoxin from the venom of Bothrops asper (terciopelo).

Neutralization of biological activities of B. asper myotoxin by a monospecific anti-myotoxin rabbit serum and polyvalent antivenom was studied. Both antisera neutralized myotoxic, phospholipase A and lethal activities of myotoxin, whereas edema-forming activity of myotoxin was not neutralized by these antisera. Anti-myotoxin rabbit serum neutralized most of the myotoxic activity of B. asper venom, but did not neutralize phospholipase A activity of this venom. Neutralization curves showed that myotoxicity induced by myotoxin persisted at antivenom/toxin or antiserum/toxin ratios at which phospholipase A activity was completely neutralized. This suggests that myotoxicity does not depend upon enzymatic activity of the toxin. Antiserum to myotoxin neutralized approximately 70% of myonecrosis induced by crude B. asper venom. This demonstrates that myotoxin is the main factor responsible for the development of myonecrosis in envenomations by B. asper.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Detection of proteins antigenically related to Bothrops asper myotoxin in crotaline snake venoms.

The presence of components antigenically related to Bothrops asper myotoxin was investigated by Western blotting and immunoelectrophoretic techniques. B. asper myotoxin is a non-glycosylated monomeric phospholipase A with a molecular weight by SDS-PAGE of 16,000 and isoelectric point of pH 9.8-10.0. Results showed that proteins in the venoms of B. nummifer, B. godmani, B. schlegelii, B. picadoi, and Agkistrodon bilineatus were recognized by monospecific antibodies to B. asper myotoxin raised in rabbit and sheep. Western blotting indicated that cross-reacting proteins have a molecular weight of 16,000, with the exception of that of B. picadoi, which is of 24,000 mol. wt. However, immunoelectrophoresis indicated that these components are highly heterogeneous in charge, ranging from basic to acidic proteins. The cross-reacting component(s) present in newborn B. asper venom has a different charge from that of the 'adult-type'. Venoms from newborn specimens showed an additional cross-reacting band of 18,000 mol. wt. Myotoxin is an abundant component in adult B. asper venom. Myotoxin-antimyotoxin complexes had different electrophoretic mobilities in rocket immunoelectrophoresis depending upon the species in which monospecific immune sera were produced.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Characterization of a native polysaccharide hapten from Brucella melitensis.

The 13C nuclear magnetic resonance spectrum of Brucella melitensis native polysaccharide hapten proved to be very similar to that generated by the O-specific chain (PS) isolated from B. melitensis lipopolysaccharide; that is, to a linear polymer in which the repeating unit is composed of five N-formylperosaminyl residues, one of them being substituted at position C-3 and the other four at position C-2. The serological analysis suggests that the so-called A determinant is present solely in Brucella abortus PS, the M determinant is only in B. melitensis PS, and the extensive cross-reaction observed is due to a determinant shared by both polysaccharides.

Antigens, Bacterial↗
PubMed1986

Pharmacological activities of a toxic phospholipase A isolated from the venom of the snake Bothrops asper.

A toxic phospholipase A was isolated from the venom of Bothrops asper. It induced skeletal muscle damage, anticoagulant effects and edema in the foot pad. The toxin had an intravenous LD50 of 95 micrograms/16-18 g mouse body wt and an intraventricular LD50 of 0.42 micrograms/16-18 g mouse body wt. Upon intramuscular and intravenous injections, the toxin induced a prominent increase in serum creatine kinase (CK) levels; only the CK-MM isozyme increased markedly. The toxin induced CK and creatine release from skeletal muscle incubated in vitro. The rate of efflux of creatine was higher than that of CK, although both markers were partially released as early as 15 min after incubation. The toxin also induced elevation of serum levels of lactic dehydrogenase isozymes. However, histological examination of skeletal muscle, kidneys, heart and lungs revealed cell damage only in skeletal muscle. The toxin was not cytotoxic to erythrocytes, lymphocytes or macrophages. In addition, it did not induce a mitogenic response on lymphocytes. In the absence of albumin in the medium, there was no significant difference between myotoxic activities in Ca2+-free and Ca2+-containing bathing solutions. However, when albumin was added, there was a significantly higher myotoxic effect in the presence of Ca2+. Thus, although phospholipolytic activity of the toxin plays a role in muscle damage when albumin is present, the toxin induces muscle damage even when phospholipase A activity is inhibited.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Sequential hypertonic dialysis.

We have investigated the usefulness and practicability of the so-called sequential hypertonic dialysis in 2 selected patients with severe hemodialysis-induced hypotension; 190 mmol/l of sodium dialysate during the 1st and 3rd h and 132 mmol/l throughout the 2nd and 4th h were used, with a Drake-Willock-Bi proportionating unit, which was electronically modified for the purpose of the study. Crossover was made, patients serving as their own controls in two consecutive cycles: 3 weeks conventional hemodialysis followed by 4 weeks sequential hypertonic dialysis, using high-flux dialyzers. At the end of sequential hypertonic dialysis a greater weight loss was achieved (p less than 0.001) with absolute stability of blood pressure. There were no significant changes in plasma osmolality and plasma volume during sequential hypertonic dialysis when compared with conventional hemodialysis. Dialysis symptoms and complications were less frequently recorded during sequential hypertonic dialysis (p less than 0.001). At the end of each sequential hypertonic dialysis period, hemoglobin, potassium, and phosphate plasma levels improved significantly and plasma sodium concentrations remained within the normal range. We conclude that sequential hypertonic dialysis is an easy and routine feasible procedure with our methodology. It is possible to achieve the ideal dry weight with no symptomatic hypotension. Sequential hypertonic dialysis constitutes an alternative to sequential ultrafiltration in selected patients, as it minimizes the falloff in plasma volume and osmolality observed during conventional hemodialysis.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Immunochemical characterization of rough Brucella lipopolysaccharides.

Lipopolysaccharides (LPS) were extracted from rough strains of Brucella abortus and Brucella melitensis and from strains of the naturally occurring rough species Brucella ovis and Brucella canis. Brucella rough lipopolysaccharides (R-LPS) were readily distinguished from Brucella smooth lipopolysaccharides (S-LPS) and enterobacterial R-LPS, by their chemical, physical, and serological characteristics. B. ovis R-LPS was differentiated from B. abortus, B. melitensis, and B. canis R-LPS by its reaction of partial identity in immunodiffusion. Monospecific mouse sera against B. ovis R-LPS agglutinated only the homologous bacteria but not R cells of other species of Brucella. B. ovis R-LPS contained more 2-keto, 3-deoxyoctonate, and glucosamine as a percentage of dry weight than any other R-LPS tested. B. abortus R-LPS was identified by the absence of an unidentified sugar present in the other R-LPS molecules, and B. melitensis R-LPS could be differentiated from B. canis R-LPS by its higher content of fatty acids. In contrast to S-LPS, all of the R-LPS studied lacked quinovosamine. In electron micrographs, Brucella R-LPS had a granular appearance, in contrast to typical lamellar structures formed by Brucella S-LPS and Escherichia coli R-LPS.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Induction of immune and adjuvant immunoglobulin G responses in mice by Brucella lipopolysaccharide.

The immunogenic and adjuvant properties of Brucella abortus and Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharides (LPSs) were studied in endotoxin-responsive, athymic, and euthymic BALB/c mice and in responsive C3H/HeAu mice and congenic nonresponsive C3H/HeJ mice. Consistent with previous reports, E. coli LPS did not stimulate significant primary or secondary antibody responses in C3H/HeJ mice and induced the production of immunoglobulin M (IgM) and low levels of IgG in C3H/HeAu mice. In contrast, B. abortus smooth and rough LPS stimulated primary and secondary antibody responses and induced the production of IgM and high levels of IgG in both responsive and nonresponsive strains of C3H/He mice and in nude mice. When used as adjuvant, B. abortus LPS augmented the IgG plaque-forming-cell response of C3H/HeAu and BALB/c euthymic mice to the T-dependent antigen sheep erythrocytes. E. coli LPS augmented only the IgM plaque-forming-cell response in the same mouse strains. Neither B. abortus nor E. coli LPS was adjuvant for C3H/HeJ or nude mice. The dichotomy between the antibody and adjuvant responses of both C3H/HeJ mice and athymic mice to B. abortus LPS may be a function of the true thymus independence and dependence of these responses. In addition, the refractiveness of C3H/HeJ and nude mice to B. abortus LPS as adjuvant, but not as mitogen or polyclonal B cell activator, clearly dissociates these phenomena.

Adjuvants, Immunologic↗
PubMed1984

Susceptibility of different populations of Colombian Aotus monkeys to the FCB-1 strain of Plasmodium falciparum.

p6udies of susceptibility to the FCB-1 strain of Plasmodium falciparum from Colombia were conducted in three different groups of Aotus monkeys. The results indicated that Aotus trivirgatus griseimembra from the north of the Magdalena Valley were the most susceptible host. A. t. griseimembra from the central Magdalena Valley appeared to be less susceptible to infection, while Aotus monkeys from the eastern Andes were even more resistant to infection. Serum electrophoretic studies were not useful as indicators of resistance or susceptibility to infection. However, the presence of 58 chromosomes in monkeys from the east Andes, a karyotype not previously reported, may be an indicator for the resistance of these animals to the FCB-1 strain. Based on these results, it is possible to assume that Aotus monkeys from the eastern Andes region of Colombia may represent a new species of Aotus; further studies are needed to clarify its taxonomic status.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Electrophoretic transfer of viral proteins to nitrocellulose sheets and detection with peroxidase-bound lectins and protein A.

Peroxidase-bound protein A and lectins in combination with precipitable substrates were used to detect viral proteins and glycoproteins on 'Western blots'. The sensitivity of various methods was compared, including radioiodinated protein A, enzyme immunosorbent assay and peroxidase staining with DAP. The sensitivity of the peroxidase reaction, its rapidity and low cost compared with other methods make this a useful choice for developing protein bands transferred to nitrocellulose paper. In addition, a procedure was devised to clarify and fix nitrocellulose sheets for direct quantification of the precipitated substrate by densitometric analysis.

Antigens, Viral↗
PubMed1983

Monitoring aminophylline therapy using Jusko's dosage guidelines.

Treatment with aminophylline, according to the nomogram published by Jusko and coworkers, was monitored in 13 patients suffering from acute exacerbations of COPD. After 24 h of therapy, the clinical state, the pO2 and the pCO2 values were markedly improved. Theophylline plasma concentrations were maintained within the therapeutic range. A slight but noticeable increase of drug serum levels during therapy could be related to changes in the arterial pH; the implications of this finding are discussed.

Adult↗