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Biomedical subjects

E Kaiser

Publications and source records attributed to E Kaiser.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

The assessment of foetal lung maturity by chemical analysis of amniotic fluid.

Advances in the understanding of the neonatal respiratory distress syndrome have led to a proliferation of amniotic fluid tests. Measurement of pulmonary surfactant production is the most direct means of assessing pulmonary maturity. Assays of surfactant are subjected to certain pre-analysis sources of variation, such as variability in amniotic fluid volume, sample collection site, centrifugation speed and time, and contamination with blood and/or meconium. Amniotic fluid surfactant assays can be divided into biochemical and functional tests. When properly performed, both approaches yield results that correlate well with clinical findings. However, no single method has achieved the distinction of total reliability and universal applicability. In most tests the value for mature lungs is almost 99% accurate. On the other hand, immature values have very low accuracy. Therefore, it is advisable to perform an additional test or to repeat the determination. The determination of the lecithin/sphingomyelin ratio is characterized by sufficient accuracy for routine analyses. For scientific studies we recommend the use of a capillary gas-chromatographic method allowing an accurate assessment of dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine, the most important surfactant constituent.

Amniotic Fluid↗
PubMed1984

[Effect of a new hormonal contraceptive (Neo-Eunomin) in females with androgenization symptoms].

The activity of Neo-Eunomin on androgenisation of the skin, seborrhoea, acne, alopecia and hirsutism was investigated in a long-term trial covering 165 patients over 3379 cycles. The age of the patients ranged from 19 to 47 years. The first three symptoms showed clear improvement after 6 months of treatment, and in many cases a cure was achieved after 12 months of therapy. No equally good results could at least be obtained in the treatment of hirsutism. In a further study Neo-Eunomin was compared with a contraceptive containing a nor-testosteron derivative (Conceplan 21). Neo-Eunomin showed convincingly better efficacy in the treatment of androgenisation of the skin than the preparation under comparison.

Acne Vulgaris↗
PubMed1984

[Medium-dose oral cyproterone acetate therapy in women with moderate androgenization. Results of a multicenter double-blind study].

The low-dose oral standard antiandrogen treatment with cyproterone acetate (CPA), Diane, is frequently associated with unsatisfactory results regarding moderate to severe seborrhoea/acne/acne and/or mild to moderate hirsutism. This multicenter double-blind study (n = 164) was, therefore, initiated to analyze the effectiveness of a medium dose oral regimen, i.e. the addition of 10 mg of CPA during the first 15 days of the Diane-treatment cycle. Good or satisfactory results after 3, 6, 9 and 12 months were observed in 61, 81, 95 and 97% of patients with moderate to severe seborrhoea (n = 79); in 53, 95, 98 and 100% of patients with moderate to severe acne (n = 62); and in 10, 28, 45 and 55% of patients with mild to moderate hirsutism (n = 89), respectively. The regression of moderate facial hirsutism and severe facial acne occurred faster and was more complete under the medium-dose than with the low-dose regimen. Side effects corresponded to those of conventional oral contraceptives except for a higher frequency of mastodynia. Both regimens caused a significant suppression of plasma dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate, while testosterone, triiodothyronine and thyroxine were lowered insignificantly. In contrast, cortisol, prolactin and insulin increased significantly. The extent of these changes did not differ in both modes of treatment. The medium-dose regimen (total dosage per cycle: 192 mg of CPA) is more effective than the low-dose regimen (42 mg of CPA per cycle) in the treatment of patients with moderate hyperandrogenism who do not require the high-dose oral standard antiandrogen therapy (1000 mg of CP A per cycle).

Acne Vulgaris↗
PubMed1984

Comparison of the effects of betamethasone and L-carnitine on dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine content and phosphatidylcholine species composition in fetal rat lungs.

Antepartum administration of L-carnitine to pregnant rats results in an increase of both total phospholipid (80 +/- 11 mg/g dry weight (dw); mean +/- SD) and dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine (DPPC) content (7.7 +/- 2.1 mg/g dw) in fetal lungs as compared to controls (72 +/- 10 and 7.0 +/- 2.5 mg/g dw, respectively). On the other hand, no effect of L-carnitine could be demonstrated on the DPPC portion in the total phosphatidylcholine (PC) or on the portion of palmitic acid in the PC fatty acids. Betamethasone elevated the DPPC content in fetal lungs (8.1 +/- 2.0 versus 7.0 +/- 2.5 mg/g dw in the controls), while total phospholipid content remained unaffected (71 +/- 19 versus 72 +/- 10 mg/g dw). The portion of DPPC in the PC species increased significantly (p less than 0.01) from 27.6 +/- 4.5 in the fetal lungs of the control group to 34.2 +/- 3.3 in the lungs of the betamethasone-treated group, while the palmitic acid portion in the PC fatty acids was nearly unchanged (45.9 +/- 3.2 versus 43.9 +/- 2.6 in the controls). Further, after betamethasone treatment, a significant diminution (p less than 0.01) of the monoenic PC 32 species (palmitoyl-palmitoleyl PC and palmitoleyl-palmitoyl-PC) and the PC 34 species (consisting primarily of palmitoyl-oleoyl-PC) could be demonstrated both in absolute and relative terms. This is in agreement with a significant reduction of the portions of palmitoleic (p less than 0.01) and oleic (p less than 0.05) acids in the total PC fatty acids.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Animals↗
PubMed1984

[Arterial supply of the sartorius muscle].

According to dissections of 40 specimen we received an impression of the arterial supply of the sartorius muscle. The results were as following that the sartorius is supplied by 2-4 arteries, occasionally up to 9, which originate from the middle and distal third of the femoral artery. As a result of the dissections we may state that the sartorius receives an adequate supply, when only the proximal or distal artery remains intact. Because of the above, the sartorius is suitable as a proximally or distally based flap in plastic surgery of the abdominal wall and as covering of bone defects of the hip, femur and knee.

Femoral Artery↗
PubMed1984

[Restoration of an infected hip joint with sartorius-plasty].

For treatment of infected hip joints we use the proximally based sartorius muscle. After ligation of the vessels in the distal part of the muscle, the sartorius muscle is elevated and transposed to the floor of the deep joint cavity. By completely filling the space defect, reinfection of the osteomyelitic cavity is prevented. In addition, the transposed muscle flap directs optimal blood perfusion to the hypoxemic capsule tissue via its own vascular pedicle.

Aged↗
PubMed1984

[The vena cava--reflections on nomenclature].

In the course of standardization of anatomical nomenclature old nomenclatures are retained although their sense is not clear. One example is the term " Hohl "- Vene (= "hollow" vein). During the time of ancient medicine the names artery/vein signified a hollow structure and later the meaning was limited to vessels. At that time two names existed for the inferior vena cava: vena magna (the "big" vein) and vena cava (the "hollow" vein). Later authors thought that the name vena cava was an error of translation. But the history of medicine demonstrates a clear coherence between the words "hollow space" and "spirit". Therefore the name " Hohl "- Vene indicates that people supposed the animal spirit being in the hollow part of the blood circulation.

Humans↗
PubMed1983

[Psychomotor performance of schizophrenic patients and long-term neuroleptic therapy].

15 patients diagnosed as schizophrenics (ICD 295) under long-term neuroleptic treatment were compared with 15 neurotic and normal persons concerning their ability at a psychomotor task. There was no difference between both groups; no correlation between performance and neuroleptic dosage was found. However, motoric coordination of a small group was impaired. The authors discuss several hypotheses referring to these findings.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

[Pericardiac puncture. The most favorable anatomical approach (author's transl)].

On the basis of pericardiac punctures in 105 prepared patients and of pericardiac preparation in 92 adults, a simple low-risk method of epigastric pericardiac puncture is described. The needle is pushed at 33 degrees to the front level in about 1/2 cm below the left costoxiphoid angle and directed towards the right acromion. At a depth of about 4.5 cm the needle penetrates the pericardium. The left internal thoracic artery, the pericardial vessels, the arteria marginalis dextra and the anterior interventricular artery are usually more than 2 cm distant from the needle. When the pericardial infusion is small, the tip of the needle may come relatively close to the right coronary artery (1.3 +/- 1 cm).

Critical Care↗